MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY Copyright 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health Lippincott

§ Define the key terms listed at the beginning of this chapter § Identify

§ Demonstrate proper pronunciation of medical terms using the general pronunciation guidelines found in

§ Establishes the basic meaning of a medical term § For example: word root

§ A word element that comes before a word root § Modifies the meaning

§ A word ending § Changes or adds meaning to the word root §

§ A vowel that is added between word roots or a word root and

§ Word elements may be categorized one way in one term and a different

word ending plural singular example plural example -a -ae vena cavae -is -es crisis

§ Basic English pronunciation rules apply to most medical terms, and some may have

§ Abbreviation: a way of shortening words or phrases § Symbols: objects or signs

§ JCAHO issued a minimum list of dangerous abbreviations, symbols, and acronyms that must

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§ Define the key terms listed at the beginning of this chapter § Identify basic word elements individually and within medical terms § State the meanings of common word roots, prefixes, and suffixes and identify unique plural endings § State the meanings of medical terms composed of elements found in this chapter Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

§ Demonstrate proper pronunciation of medical terms using the general pronunciation guidelines found in this chapter § State the meanings of common medical abbreviations listed in this chapter § Identify items currently on the JCAHO “Do Not Use” list and the list of items for possible future inclusion on the “Do Not Use” list Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

§ A word element that comes before a word root § Modifies the meaning of the word root § For example: prefix A without root nuclear nucleus Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

§ A vowel that is added between word roots or a word root and suffix § Makes pronunciation easier § For example: word root combining form Gastro Stomach o word root enter intestine o combining form suffix logy study of Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

§ Word elements may be categorized one way in one term and a different way in another term § For example: suffix phasia speech prefix OR a without word root phasia speech Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

word ending plural singular example plural example -a -ae vena cavae -is -es crisis crises -nx -nges phalanx phalanges -um -a ovum ova Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

§ Basic English pronunciation rules apply to most medical terms, and some may have more than one acceptable pronunciation. For example: hemophilia can be pronounced “he mo fil’ e a” or “hem o fil’ e a” § Some terms that are spelled differently are pronounced the same. § For example: ilium, which means “hipbone, ” is pronounced the same as ileum, which means “small intestine” Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

§ Abbreviation: a way of shortening words or phrases § Symbols: objects or signs that represent words or phrases § Examples of common ones: ABO, CSF, ICU, MCH, STAT, Trig +, -, = , >, #, ™, ® Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

§ JCAHO issued a minimum list of dangerous abbreviations, symbols, and acronyms that must be included on a “Do Not Use” list by every organization it accredits. § For example: “IU” can be mistaken for “IV” or “ 10” Personnel must write “international unit” instead § JCAHO also issued a list of additional abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols for possible future inclusion in the “Do Not Use” list Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins