Medical Language Second Edition CHAPTER 3 Gastroenterology Medical

Medical Language Second Edition CHAPTER 3 Gastroenterology Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Learning Objectives 1. Identify the structures of the gastrointestinal system. 2. Describe the process of digestion. 3. Describe common gastrointestinal diseases and conditions, laboratory and diagnostic procedures, medical and surgical procedures, and drug categories. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Learning Objectives 4. Give the medical meaning of word parts related to the gastrointestinal system. 5. Build gastrointestinal words from word parts and divide and define gastrointestinal words. 6. Spell and pronounce gastrointestinal words. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Learning Objectives 7. Analyze the medical content and meaning of a gastroenterology report. 8. Dive deeper into gastroenterology by reviewing the activities at the end of this chapter and online at Medical Terminology Interactive. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Multimedia Directory Slide 10 Slide 68 Slide 74 Slide 80 Slide 114 Slide 116 Slide 126 Slide 180 Digestive System Animation GERD Video Appendicitis Animation Ultrasound Video MRI Video Sigmoidscopy Video Medical Assisting Video Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Gastroenterology • The medical specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal system and uses diagnostic tests, medical and surgical procedures, and drugs to treat gastrointestinal diseases. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy and Physiology • Gastrointestinal System – Begins at the mouth, continues through the thoracic cavity, and fills most of the abdominal cavity – Upper gastrointestinal system includes the structures from the mouth through the stomach Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy and Physiology (con’t) • Gastrointestinal System – Lower gastrointestinal system includes the small and large intestines – Purpose is to digest food, absorb nutrients, and remove undigested material (waste) from the body Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -1 Gastrointestinal system Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Digestive System Animation Click on the screenshot to view an animation showing a tour of the digestive system. The animation may take a few seconds to start playing. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System • Oral Cavity and Pharynx – Begins in the mouth, or oral cavity – Oral cavity contains the teeth; tongue; hard palate; and soft palate with its fleshy, hanging uvula. – Receptors on the tongue perceive taste and send this information to the gustatory cortex in the brain. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Oral Cavity and Pharynx (con’t) – Lined with mucosa, a mucous membrane that produces thin mucus. – The sight, smell, and taste of food cause the salivary glands to release saliva into the mouth; this moistens foods as they are chewed and swallowed. – Saliva also contains an enzyme that begins the process of digestion. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Oral Cavity and Pharynx (con’t) – There are three pairs of salivary glands: the parotid glands, the sublingual glands, and the submandibular glands. – The teeth tear, chew, and grind the food during the process of mastication. – The tongue moves food toward the teeth and mixes food with saliva. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Oral Cavity and Pharynx (con’t) – Swallowing or deglutition moves food into the throat or pharynx. – When food is swallowed, the epiglottis closes the entrance to the larynx, so that food in the back of the throat, pressing on the uvula, does not initiate the gag reflex. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -2 Oral cavity and pharynx Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -3 Salivary glands Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Esophagus – A flexible, muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. – Lined with mucosa that produces mucus. – By coordinated contractions of its wall—the process of peristalsis—food moves toward the stomach. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Stomach – A large, elongated sac in the upper abdominal cavity that receives food from the esophagus. – Divided into four areas: the cardia, fundus, body, and pylorus. – The gastric mucosa is arranged in thick, deep folds known as rugae which expand as the stomach fills with food. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Stomach (con’t) – The mucosa produces mucus that protects the lining of the stomach from the acid the stomach produces. – Two sphincters (muscular rings) keep food in the stomach. – The lower esophageal sphincter is located in the distal esophagus. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Stomach (con’t) – The pyloric sphincter is located in the distal end of the stomach. – Chyme is a semisolid mixture of partially digested food, saliva, and digestive juices in the stomach. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -4 Stomach Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Small Intestine – The small intestine is a long, hollow tube that receives chyme from the stomach. – It is divided into three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -5 Small and large intestines Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Large Intestine – A larger, hollow tube that receives undigested material and water from the small intestine. – Consists of the cecum, colon, rectum, and anus. – The walls contain haustra (puckered pouches) that can greatly expand, as needed. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Large Intestine (con’t) – Waves of peristalsis slowly move undigested material through the large intestine as water is absorbed through the intestinal wall and into the blood. – The colon is the longest part. – It travels through all four quadrants of the abdomen as the ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Large Intestine (con’t) – The sigmoid colon bends toward the midline in an S-shaped curve that joins the rectum. – The rectum is a short, straight segment that connects to the outside of the body. – The anus, the external opening of the rectum, is located between the buttocks. – The anal sphincter is a muscular ring whose opening and closing is under conscious, voluntary control. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Abdomen and Abdominopelvic Cavity – Contains the largest organs of the gastrointestinal system. – The walls of the abdominopelvic cavity are lined by peritoneum, a membrane that secretes peritoneal fluid. – This watery fluid fills the spaces between the organs and allows them to slide past each other during the movements of digestion. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Abdomen and Abdominopelvic Cavity (con’t) – The peritoneum extends into the center of the abdominopelvic cavity as the omentum. – The omentum supports the stomach and hangs down as a fatty apron to cover and protect the small intestine. – The peritoneum also extends as the mesentery, a thick, fan-shaped sheet that supports the jejunum and ileum. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • The blood supply to the stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas comes from the celiac trunk of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Liver – The liver is the largest solid organ in the body, located in the upper right abdominal cavity. – An accessory organ of digestion that contributes to, but is not physically involved in, the process of digestion. – Liver cells (hepatocytes) continuously produce bile, a yellow-green, bitter-tasting, thick fluid. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Liver (con’t) – Bile produced by the liver flows through the hepatic ducts, through the common hepatic duct, and then into either the cystic duct to the gallbladder or the common bile duct. – All of the ducts that carry bile are collectively known as the biliary tree. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -6 Biliary tree Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Gallbladder – An accessory organ of digestion posterior to the liver. – Concentrates and stores bile from the liver. – The presence of fatty chyme in the duodenum causes the gallbladder to contract, sending bile into the common bile duct and duodenum to digest fats. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System (con't) • Pancreas – An accessory organ of digestion posterior to the stomach. – Presence of food in the duodenum causes the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes into the pancreatic duct to the duodenum. – Also functions as an organ of the endocrine system. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Classroom Response System Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The gag reflex is initiated by food touching the: • • Soft palate Mouth Uvula Lips Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The gag reflex is initiated by food touching the: • • Soft palate Mouth Uvula Lips Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The word deglutition refers to: • • Chewing, grinding, and tearing food Swallowing food Contractions of the esophagus Partially undigested food Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The word deglutition refers to: • • Chewing, grinding, and tearing food Swallowing food Contractions of the esophagus Partially undigested food Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The purpose of the villi in the small intestine is: • • To move digested food along the tube To make digestive juices To absorb digested food and water All of the above Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The purpose of the villi in the small intestine is: • • To move digested food along the tube To make digestive juices To absorb digested food and water All of the above Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The large intestine includes: • • The cecum, ileum, colon, and rectum The cecum, colon, rectum, and anus The duodenum, rectum, and anus None of the above Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The large intestine includes: • • The cecum, ileum, colon, and rectum The cecum, colon, rectum, and anus The duodenum, rectum, and anus None of the above Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Is the liver physically involved in the process of digestion? • Yes • No Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Is the liver physically involved in the process of digestion? • Yes • No Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Sugar in milk is broken down in the small intestine by the enzyme: • • Amylase Protease Lipase Lactase Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Sugar in milk is broken down in the small intestine by the enzyme: • • Amylase Protease Lipase Lactase Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The process of elimination is called: • • Feces Defecation Meconium Chyme Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The process of elimination is called: • • Feces Defecation Meconium Chyme Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Peristalsis occurs in all of the following gastrointestinal structures and organs EXCEPT the: • • Stomach Small intestine Colon Oral cavity Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Peristalsis occurs in all of the following gastrointestinal structures and organs EXCEPT the: • • Stomach Small intestine Colon Oral cavity Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The word cardia refers to the: • • Heart Pharynx Salivary glands Stomach Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The word cardia refers to the: • • Heart Pharynx Salivary glands Stomach Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Vermiform means: • • Pink Small Wormlike All of the above Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Vermiform means: • • Pink Small Wormlike All of the above Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The internal open area within the intestine is known as the: • • Lumen Villi Perineum Sphincter Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The internal open area within the intestine is known as the: • • Lumen Villi Perineum Sphincter Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Physiology of Digestion • There are two parts to digestion: – Mechanical – Chemical • Mechanical digestion uses mastication, deglutition, and peristalsis to break down foods. • Mechanical digestion also involves breaking apart fats in the duodenum. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Physiology of Digestion (con't) • Fatty chyme stimulates the duodenum to secrete the hormone cholecystokinin, which stimulates the gallbladder to contract and release bile. • Bile breaks apart large globules of fat during the process of emulsification. • Chemical digestion uses enzymes and acid to break down foods. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Physiology of Digestion (con't) • The enzyme amylase in saliva begins to break down carbohydrate foods in the mouth. • The stomach secretes the following substances that continue the process of chemical digestion: – Hydrochloric acid – Pepsinogen – Gastrin Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Physiology of Digestion (con't) • The stomach secretes a substance known as intrinsic factor, which helps vitamin B 12 be absorbed from the intestine into the blood. • When the stomach does not produce enough intrinsic factor, vitamin B 12 is not absorbed. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Physiology of Digestion (con't) • Chemical digestion is completed in the small intestine. • Cholecystokinin stimulates the pancreas to secrete four digestive enzymes into the duodenum: – Amylase – Lipase – Other enzymes that break down proteins Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Physiology of Digestion (con't) • The villi of the small intestine produce the digestive enzymes such as lactase to break down sugars. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Physiology of Digestion (con't) • Absorption of nutrients and water through the intestinal wall into the blood takes place mainly in the duodenum and jejunum. • Absorption of water continues in the large intestine. • Absorbed nutrients are carried by blood in the portal vein to the liver. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Physiology of Digestion (con't) • The liver plays an important role in regulating nutrients such as glucose and amino acids. • Excess glucose in the blood is stored in the liver as glycogen and released when the blood glucose level is low. • The liver uses amino acids to build plasma proteins and clotting factors for the blood. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Physiology of Digestion (con't) • Elimination occurs when undigested materials and water are eliminated from the body in a solid waste form of feces or stool. • The process of elimination is a bowel movement or defecation. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -7 Gastrointestinal system. (Robert W. Ginn/Photo. Edit Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Digestive System Animation Click on the screenshot to view an animation showing the digestive system. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions • Eating – Anorexia – Dysphagia – Polyphagia Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Mouth and Lips – Cheilitis – Sialolithiasis – Stomatitis – Glossitis Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -8 Glossitis (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Esophagus and Stomach – Dyspepsia – Esophageal varices – Gastritis – Gastroenteritis – Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -9 Esophageal varix (David M. Martin, M. D. /Photo Researchers, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

GERD Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of GERD. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Esophagus and Stomach (con't) – Heartburn – Hematemesis – Nausea and vomiting (N&V) – Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) – Stomach cancer Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -10 Gastric ulcer (David M. Martin, M. D. /Photo Researchers, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum – Ileus – Intussusception – Volvulus Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -11 Intussusception of the intestine Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Cecum and Colon – Appendicitis – Colic – Colon cancer – Diverticulum – Dysentery Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Appendicitis Animation Click on the screenshot to view an animation showing appendicitis. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -12 Diverticula (David M. Martin, M. D. /Photo Researchers, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -13 Diverticulitis and polyposis Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Cecum and Colon (con’t) – Gluten enteropathy – Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) – Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) – Polyp Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -14 Crohn’s disease Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -15 Colonic polyps (Staats/Custom Medical Stock Photo, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Rectum and Anus – Hemorrhoids – Proctitis – Rectocele Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Defecation and Feces – Constipation – Diarrhea – Flatulence – Hematochezia – Incontinence – Steatorrhea Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Abdominal Wall and Abdominal Cavity – Adhesions – Hernia – Peritonitis Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -16 Hernia (From Rudolph, A. M. , Hoffman, J. I. E. , & Rudolph, C. D. (Eds. ) 1991. Rudolph’s Pediatrics. (19 th ed. , p. 1040)) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -17 Peritonitis (Custom Medical Stock Photo, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Liver – Ascites – Cirrhosis – Hepatitis Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -18 Fatty liver disease and cirrhosis of the liver (Arthur Glauberman/Photo Researchers, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Hepatitis is the most common chronic liver disease. – Hepatitis A – Hepatitis B – Hepatitis C – Hepatitis D – Hepatitis E Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Hepatitis A is an acute but short-lived infection caused by exposure to water or food that is contaminated with feces from a person who is infected with the hepatitis A virus (HAV). Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Hepatitis B is an acute infection caused by exposure to the blood of a person who is already infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV); it is also known as serum hepatitis. • It is also spread during sexual activity by contact with saliva and vaginal secretions. • An infected mother can pass hepatitis B to her fetus before birth or when breastfeeding. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -19 Blood transfusion (Photo. Disc/Getty Images) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Hepatitis C is an acute infection caused by exposure to the blood of a person who is already infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). • Hepatitis C is not readily transmitted by sexual activity or from a mother to her fetus. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Chronic hepatitis C is the main cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. • Hepatitis D is a secondary infection caused by a mutated (changed) hepatitis virus. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Hepatitis D only develops in patients who already have hepatitis B; it is also known as delta hepatitis. • Hepatitis E is similar to hepatitis A but rarely occurs in the United States. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Hepatomegaly • Jaundice • Liver Cancer Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -20 Jaundice (Dr. M. A. Ansary/Photo Researchers, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -21 Liver cancer (Gca/Photo Researchers, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Gallbladder and Bile Ducts – Cholangitis – Cholecystitis – Cholelithiasis Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -22 Cholelithiasis (Custom Medical Stock Photo, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -23 Gallstones in the biliary and pancreatic ducts Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Diseases and Conditions (con't) • Pancreas – Pancreatic cancer – Pancreatitis Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Laboratory and Diagnostic Procedures • Blood Tests – Albumin – Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) – ALT and AST – Bilirubin Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Laboratory and Diagnostic Procedures (con't) • Blood Tests (con’t) – GGT – Liver function tests (LFTs) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Laboratory and Diagnostic Procedures (con't) • Gastric and Feces Specimen Tests – CLO test – Culture and sensitivity (C&S) – Fecal occult blood test – Gastric analysis – Ova and parasites (O&P) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Laboratory and Diagnostic Procedures (con't) • Radiologic Procedures – Barium enema – Cholangiography Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -24 Barium enema (Custom Medical Stock Photo, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -25 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Laboratory and Diagnostic Procedures (con't) • Radiologic Procedures (con’t) – Computerized axial tomography (CAT, CT scan) – Flat plate of the abdomen – Gallbladder ultrasound Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Ultrasound Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of ultrasounds. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Laboratory and Diagnostic Procedures (con't) • Radiologic Procedures (con’t) – Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan – Oral cholecystography (OCG) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

MRI Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of MRI. The video may take a moment before playing. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Laboratory and Diagnostic Procedures (con't) • Radiologic Procedures (con’t) – Upper gastrointestinal series (UGI) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Medical and Surgical Procedures • Medical Procedures – Insertion of nasogastric tube Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -26 Nasogastric tube (Pearson Education/PH College) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Medical and Surgical Procedures (con't) • Surgical Procedures – Abdominocentesis – Appendectomy – Biopsy – Bowel resection and anastomosis – Cholecystectomy – Choledocholithotomy Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -27 Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Geoff Tompkinson/Photo Researchers, Inc. ) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Medical and Surgical Procedures (con't) • Surgical Procedures (con’t) – Colostomy – Endoscopy – Exploratory laparotomy Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -28 Colostomy and stoma (Pearson Education/PH College) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Medical and Surgical Procedures (con't) • Endoscopic Procedures – Esophagoscopy – Gastroscopy – Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) – Sigmoidoscopy – Colonoscopy Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -29 Colonoscopy (BSIP/Phototake NYC) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Sigmoidoscopy Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of sigmoidoscopy. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Medical and Surgical Procedures (con't) • Surgical Procedures (con’t) – Gastrectomy – Gastroplasty – Gastrostomy – Hemorrhoidectomy Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Figure 3 -30 PEG tube Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Medical and Surgical Procedures (con't) • Surgical Procedures (con’t) – Herniorrhaphy – Jejunostomy – Liver transplantation – Polypectomy Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Classroom Response System Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

An upper GI series is also known as a/an: • • Colostomy Esophagoscopy Hemoccult test Barium swallow Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

An upper GI series is also known as a/an: • • Colostomy Esophagoscopy Hemoccult test Barium swallow Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which abbreviation is a test for parasites in the stool? • • O&P LFT UGI N&V Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which abbreviation is a test for parasites in the stool? • • O&P LFT UGI N&V Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

An exploratory laparotomy makes an incision in the: • • Stomach Mouth Abdominal wall Colon Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

An exploratory laparotomy makes an incision in the: • • Stomach Mouth Abdominal wall Colon Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which one of these surgeries is used to create a permanent opening in the abdomen in order to feed a patient through a feeding tube? • • Cholecystectomy Gastrostomy Gastrectomy Colonoscopy Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which one of these surgeries is used to create a permanent opening in the abdomen in order to feed a patient through a feeding tube? • • Cholecystectomy Gastrostomy Gastrectomy Colonoscopy Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which of the following correctly separates the medical word colonoscopy into its component word parts? • Prefix col/o-, combining form noscop/o-, suffix -y • Prefix colon/o-, suffix -scopy • Combining form col/o-, suffix -noscopy • Combining form colon/o-, suffix -scopy Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which of the following correctly separates the medical word colonoscopy into its component word parts? • Prefix col/o-, combining form noscop/o-, suffix -y • Prefix colon/o-, suffix -scopy • Combining form col/o-, suffix -noscopy • Combining form colon/o-, suffix -scopy Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which is the medical word for a surgically created opening? • • Stomach Cavity Stomatitis Stoma Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which is the medical word for a surgically created opening? • • Stomach Cavity Stomatitis Stoma Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the: • • Liver and gallbladder Stomach and duodenum Pharynx and esophagus Stomach and intestines Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the: • • Liver and gallbladder Stomach and duodenum Pharynx and esophagus Stomach and intestines Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Ascites is a disease of the: • • Stomach Intestines Liver Mouth Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Ascites is a disease of the: • • Stomach Intestines Liver Mouth Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Vomiting blood is known as: • • Emesis GERD Anorexia Hematemesis Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Vomiting blood is known as: • • Emesis GERD Anorexia Hematemesis Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Passing dark or black blood through the rectum is known as: • • Incontinence Diarrhea Melena GERD Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Passing dark or black blood through the rectum is known as: • • Incontinence Diarrhea Melena GERD Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the: • • Colon Liver Gallbladder Rectum Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the: • • Colon Liver Gallbladder Rectum Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which word is misspelled? • Hepatosplenomegaly (enlargement of the liver and spleen) • Choledocholithiasis (condition of a stone in the common bile duct) • Cirrosis (chronic liver degeneration) • Jaundice (yellow discoloration of the skin from liver disease) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which word is misspelled? • Hepatosplenomegaly (enlargement of the liver and spleen) • Choledocholithiasis (condition of stones in the gallbladder) • Cirrosis (chronic liver degeneration) • Jaundice (yellow discoloration of the skin from liver disease) Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Difficult or painful eating is known as dysphagia. • True • False Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Difficult or painful eating is known as dysphagia. • True • False Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Dysphagia is the medical word for indigestion. • True • False Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Dysphagia is the medical word for indigestion. • True • False Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Emesis is another word for vomiting. • True • False Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Emesis is another word for vomiting. • True • False Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The word glossal refers to: • • The tongue The stomach The salivary glands All of the above Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The term glossal refers to: • • The tongue The stomach The salivary glands All of the above Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The combining form sial/omeans: • • Saliva Eating Mouth Stomach Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The combining form sial/omeans: • • Saliva Eating Mouth Stomach Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The combining form hepat/omeans: • • Liver Stomach Intestines Rectum Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The combining form hepat/omeans: • • Liver Stomach Intestines Rectum Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

All of these combining forms mean abdomen EXCEPT: • • Enter/o. Celi/o. Abdomin/o. Lapar/o- Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

All of these combining forms mean abdomen EXCEPT: • • Enter/o. Celi/o. Abdomin/o. Lapar/o- Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which of the following suffixes means enzyme? • • -tion -ac -ive -ase Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Which of the following suffixes means enzyme? • • -tion -ac -ive -ase Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Both gloss/o- and lingu/o- mean mouth. • True • False Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Both gloss/o- and lingu/o- mean mouth. • True • False Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The combining form cholecyst/omeans: • • Bile ducts Liver Gallbladder Intestine Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The combining form cholecyst/omeans: • • Bile ducts Liver Gallbladder Intestine Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The combining form hepat/omeans: • • Liver Stomach Intestines Rectum Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The combining form hepat/omeans: • • Liver Stomach Intestines Rectum Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Categories • These categories of drugs are used to treat gastrointestinal diseases and conditions: – Antacid drugs – Antibiotic drugs – Antidiarrheal drugs – Antiemetic drugs Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Categories (con’t) • These categories of drugs are used to treat gastrointestinal diseases and conditions: – H 2 blocker drugs – Laxative drugs – Proton pump inhibitor drugs Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Abbreviations Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Medical Assisting Video Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of careers in medical assisting. Medical Language, Second Edition Susan Turley Back to Directory Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.