Medical Helminthology Termatoda Cestoda Nematoda Medical Helminthology Classification

Medical Helminthology Termatoda Cestoda Nematoda

Medical Helminthology Classification • I- Phylum: Platyhelminthes (Flat worms). 1) Class : 2) Class : Termatoda (Flukes). Cestoda (Tape worms). II- Phylum: Nemathelminthes (Round worms). Class: Nematoda

PHYLUM: NEMATHELMINTHES Class: NEMATODA

Nerve cord Nerve fiber Cuticle Subcuticle Lateral excretory canal Muscles Dermal, muscular, nervous, excretory systems

Alimentary tract

Types of oesophagi in nematodes Clube shaped

Double bulbed

Rhabditiform

Cylindrical or filariform

Cellular

Seminal recepatacle Reproductive system Vulva Vagina Testis Ovary S. V. 2 copulatory specules 2 Uteri Ovi duct Female system V. D. Male system Rectum Cloaca

Nervous system

Features of life cycle • Parasitic stage in Definitive host To Definitive host to Free living stage To Intermediate host

• Intermediate Host =Definitive host x

Infective stage Ova Larvae

Female worm Oviparous Ovoviviparous Viviparous

Mode of infection Orally Skin invasion Auto infection

Mode of infection Orally

Mode of infection Skin invasion

Mode of infection Auto infection

Types of nematode larvae Rhabditiform oesophagus Rhabditiform larva Filariform oesophagus Filariform larva

Molting of nematode larvae 3 rd 1 st 2 nd 4 th

Sites of Molting of nematode larvae

Adaptation of Nematodes for its habitat

Nutrition of Nematodes • • Sucking blood e. g. Hookworms. Ingestion of lysed tissue by embedded worms e. g. Trichuris & Strongyloides & Trichinella spiralis Feeding on intestinal contents e. g. Ascaris & Enterobius. Ingestion of nourishment from body fluid e. g. Filaria.

CLASSIFICATION OF NEMATODE (according to its final habitat). Intestinal Nematodes Tissue Nematodes Small intestine Large intestine

General treatment of nematodes • • • Mebendazole Albendazole Ivermectin Thiabendazole Supportive ttt. Adjust the dose for kids or vulnerable cases.