MEDIASTINUM BY DR SHIVARAMA BHAT MEDIASTINUM INTRODUCTION SUBDIVISIONS

MEDIASTINUM BY DR. SHIVARAMA BHAT

MEDIASTINUM INTRODUCTION SUBDIVISIONS CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

SUBDIVISIONS • SUPERIOR MEDIASTINUM • INFERIOR MEDIASTINUM ANTERIOR MIDDLE POSTERIOR

SUBDIVISIONS

STERNAL ANGLE

SUPERIOR MEDIASTINUM

T. S. AT T 3 LEVEL

T. S. AT T 4 UPPER BORDER

ANTERIOR MEDIASTINUM

MIDDLE MEDIASTINUM

POSTERIOR MEDIASTINUM

T. S. AT T 5 LEVEL

T. S. AT T 6 LEVEL

T. S. AT T 7 LEVEL

POSTERIOR MEDIASTINUM

APPLIED ANATOMY • • • THORACIC DUCT. AZYGOUS SYSTEM OF VEINS. HILAR LYMPH NODE ENLARGEMENT. HILAR LYMPHNODE BIOPSY. MEDIASTINAL SHIFT.

PERICARDIUM

PERICARDIUM - PARTS • FIBROUS PERICARDIUM • SEROUS PERICARDIUM PARIETAL LAYER VISCERAL / EPICARDIUM

PERICARDIUM

SEROUS PERICARDIUM • TRANSVERSE SINUS • OBLIQUE SINUS • FOLD OF LEFT VENACAVA

PERICARDIUM

TRANSVERSE SINUS

OBLIQUE SINUS

• ARTERIAL SUPPLY • VENOUS DRAINAGE • NERVE SUPPLY

DEVELOPMENT • FIBROUS LAYER – SEPTUM TRANSVERSUM. • VISCERAL LAYER – PERICARDIAL SAC. • TRANSVERSE SINUS – DORSAL MESOCARDIUM.

APPLIED ANATOMY • CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF TRANSVERSE SINUS, OBLIQUE SINUS. • PERICARDIAL EFFUSION. • PERICARDIAL TAMPONADE. • PARACENTESIS, INTRACARDIAC INJECTION BY SUBCOSTAL OR PARASTERNAL ROUTE.

QUESTIONS • LONG ESSAYS – 1) Describe the pericardium in detail. Give its applied anatomy. • SHORT ESSAYS – 1) Posterior Mediastinum. 2) Superior mediastinum. 3) Pericardium. 4) Diagram of T. S. at T 4 vertebral level.

QUESTIONS • SHORT ANSWERS – 1) Anterior mediastinum. 2) Sinuses of pericardium. 3) Applied anatomy of pericardium.