Measuring real emissions with simplified PEMS 23 rd

Measuring real emissions with simplified PEMS 23 rd International Transport and Air Pollution Conference 15 – 17 May 2019, Thessaloniki Greece Per Öhlund Swedish Transport Agency Lars Eriksson Ecotraffic AB

About the Agency • An authority under the Ministry of Enterprise and Innovation • The Government determines our objectives, guidlines ans allocation of resources • Around 2 000 employes at 13 locations • Our tools: – Formulate regulations – Examine and grant permits – Conduct supervision – Keep statistics regarding accidents – Keep registries 2 

Swedish In-Service test programme • Long history in Sweden – Started in the late 80 thies under the responsibility of the Swedish EPA – 2004 to 2008, the Swedish Road Administration – 2009 to present, the Swedish Transport Agency • More than 800 vehicles tested • In-Service Conformity test – Test procedure according to regulation • Emission performance of In-Use vehicles • Emission factors 3

Swedish In-Service test programme • • Vehicles collected from Swedish owners – Mileage 1500 to 100 000 km – Up to 3 years old – Service and maintenance according to manufacturers recommendation Financing of the test programme – A fee of 5 € per sold vehicle 4

Swedish In-Service test programme • Type 1 test, - NEDC, WLTP, CADC, Ermes • Type 4 Evap • Type 6 Low ambient temperature 5

Swedish In-Service test programme • RDE (Real Driving Emissions) – On board measurement with PEMS – Cover normal conditions of use with NTE (Not To Exceed) limit 6

In-Service Conformity procedure 7

Comparing simplified PEMS with legislative RDE 8

Installation of legaslative PEMS and simplified PEMS 9

Installation of legaslative PEMS and simplified PEMS 10

Installation of simplified PEMS 11

RDE route 12

Correlation flow measurement 13

Correlation CO 2 signal 14

Correlation NOx signal 15

Correlation NOx from RDE route 16

Correlation NOx from RDE route 17

Correlation NOx from RDE route 18

Correlation CO 2 from RDE route 19

Correlation CO 2 from RDE route 20

Correlation CO 2 from RDE route 21

Evaluation with emission index 22

Correlation measured and calculated NOx emissions 23

Correlation remote sensing and emission index 24

City commuter route 25

Weekend motorway route 26

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Screening of vehicles emissions performance, RDE route 29

Screening of vehicles emissions performance, RDE route 30

Screening of vehicles emissions performance, city commuter route 31

Screening of vehicles emissions performance, weekend motorway route 32

Conclusion • Good correlation between simplified PEMS and legaslative RDE system • Easy installation on vehicles • Cost effective screening of NOx emissions from vehicle fleets • Emission index can be used for evaluation of emission performance 33

Per Öhlund Vehicle regulations Telephone: +46 (0)10 - 495 56 69 E-mail: per. ohlund@transportstyrelsen. se