Measures of the Arabic Verb Arabic Department Georgia
Measures of the Arabic Verb Arabic Department Georgia Center for Language Fort Gordon, GA
Summary ► Measure I ( )ﻓﻌﻞ : Base form. No pattern for the meaning. ► Measure II ( )ﻓﻝ : Causative/Intensive/Denominative § Causative (making s. o. or something do s. th. ): Ex. =ﻋﻡ to teach . ﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﻮﺩ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻲ
Summary ► Measure II (cont. ) § Intensive (doing something with special effort or to an extreme degree): Ex. . ﻛﺭ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻐﻀﺒﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﻮﺏ § Denominative (to cause to s. o. or s. th. to be something): Ex. . ﺷﻉ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﺟﻨﻮﺩﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻛﺔ
Summary ► Measure mutual) III ( )ﻓﺎﻋﻞ : Reciprocal of I (non- § to do the action of measure I to s. o. or s. th. : Ex. ﻻﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﻲ
Summary ► Measure IV ( )ﺃﻔﻌﻞ : Causative (Facilitative) § to assist in doing the action of measure I: Ex. ﺃﻌﻠﻢ ►Measure I: To know or learn = ﻋﻠﻢ ►Measure II (causative): To teach = ﻋﻡ ►Measure IV (facilitative): To notify, inform, or make aware = ﺃﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﺑﻀﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺘﻲ ﻳﻮﻣﻴ
Summary ► Measure V ( )ﺗﻔﻝ : Reflexive of II § The subject does the action of measure II to itself, for itself or by itself: Ex. ﺗﻌﻡ ►Measure I: To know = ﻋﻠﻢ ►Measure II (causative): To teach = ﻋﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺱ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺍﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ►Measure V: To learn (to be taught, to teach oneself)= ﺗﻌﻡ ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ ﺍﻭﺯﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ
Summary ► Measure VI ( )ﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ : Reflexive Reciprocal of III § what one doer does to another in the third measure, many (or at least two) doers do to themselves in the sixth measure: Ex. ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻞ ► Measure I: To kill = ﻗﺘﻞ ► Measure III (Reciprocal of I): To fight with, battle = ﻗﺎﺗﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﺍﻻﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﻻﺭﻫﺎﺑﻴﻴﻦ ► Measure VI (Reflexive Reciprocal of III) To fight with one another = ﺗﻘﺎﺗﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﺍﻻﻣﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻭ ﺍﻻﺭﻫﺎﺑﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ
Summary ► Measure VII ( )ﺇﻧﻔﻌﻞ : Passive of I § The object of the verb in measure I becomes the subject: Ex. ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ►Measure I: to break (s. o. or s. th. ) = ﻛﺴﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺍﻟﺑﺎﻙ ►Measure VII: to get broken = ﺍﻧﻜﺴﺮ ﻟﻠﺑﺎﻙ
Summary ► Measure VIII ( )ﺇﻓﺘﻌﻞ : Reflexive of I § The subject does the action of measure I to itself, for itself or by itself: Ex. ﻣﺘﻨﻊ ►Measure I: To forbid or prohibit = ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻷﺐ ﻭﻟﺪﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﻴﻦ ►Measure VIII: To refrain, abstain, decline = ﻣﺘﻨﻊ . ﺍﻣﺘﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﻴﻦ
Summary ► Measure IX ( )ﺇﻓﻌ : Colors and Defects § Subject assumes a color or defect; Always passive. ► Measure II: To make or color green = ﺧﺭ ► Measure IX: To be or become green = ﺧﻀ ► Measure II: To turn, turn away, avert = ﺤﻝ ► Measure IX: To be cross-eyed, squint = ﺤﻮ . ﺧﺭ ﺍﻟﺠﻨﺪﻱ ﻭﺠﻬﻪ . ﺍﺧﻀ ﻭﺠﻬﻲ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻟﺮﺤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻴﺔ . ﺤﻝ ﺍﻟﻮﻟ ﻋﻴﻩ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ . ﺍﺤﻮﺕ ﻋﻴﻨﺎﻩ ﺒﻌﺪ ﺃﻦ ﺭﻓﺴ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﺎﻥ
Summary ► Measure X ( )ﺇﺳﺘﻔﻌﻞ : Causative Reflexive of I § Meaning 1: The subject considers the object to be the meaning of measure I. ►Ex. ﻏﺮﺏ I: “to be strange”; ﺇﺳﺘﻐﺮﺏ X: “to consider strange” . ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ ﺇﺳﺘﻐﺮﺏ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻔﻴﻮﻥ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺤﺎﺕ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ § Meaning 2: The subject requests or requires the action of measure I to be done for itself ►Ex. ﻋﻠﻢ I: “to understand”; ﺳﺘﻌﻠﻢ X: “to inquire” . ﺳﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺎﺫ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ
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