Measures of Central Tendency CJ 526 Statistical Analysis
- Slides: 24
Measures of Central Tendency CJ 526 Statistical Analysis in Criminal Justice
Introduction n Central Tendency
Characteristics of a Measure of Central Tendency 1. Single number that represents the entire set of data (average)
Alternate Names n Also known as _____ value Average n Typical n Usual n Representative n Normal n Expected n
Three Measures of Central Tendency Mode n Median n Mean n
The Mode Score or qualitative category that occurs with the greatest frequency n Always used with nominal data, we find the most frequently occurring category n
Mode Example of modal category: n Sample of 25 married, 30 single, 22 divorced n Married is the modal category n n Determined by inspection, not by computation, counting up the number of times a value occurs
Example of Finding the Mode X: 8, 6, 7, 9, 10, 6 n Mode = 6 n Y: 1, 8, 12, 3, 8, 5, 6 n Mode = 8 n Can have more than one mode n 1, 2, 2, 8, 10, 5, 5, 6 n Mode = 2 and 5 n
The Median n The point in a distribution that divides it into two equal halves
n Symbolized by Md
Finding the Median 1. Arrange the scores in ascending or descending numerical order
Finding the Median -continued 3. If there is an even number of scores, the median corresponds to a value halfway between the two middle scores
Example of Finding the Median X: 6, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 n Median = 8 n Y: 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 12 n Median = 5. 5 n
The Mean n The sum of the scores divided by the number of scores
Formula for finding the Mean n Symbolized by M or “X-bar”
Characteristics of the Mean n The mean may not necessarily be an actual score in a distribution
Deviation Score Measure of how far away a given score is from the mean nx = X - M n
Example of Finding the Mean X: 8, 6, 7, 11, 3 n Sum = 35 n. N = 5 n. M = 7 n
Selecting a Measure of Central Tendency n Choice depends on
Nature of the Variable n Nominal -- Mode
Shape of the Distribution Symmetrical – Mean n Not symmetrical—the median will be better n Any time there are extreme scores the median will be better n
Example Median income: if someone loses their job, an income of 0—this would pull the average down n Median housing values: an unusually nice house or poor house would affect the average n Better to use the median n
Intended Use of Statistic n Descriptive -- Mode, Median, or Mean
Central Tendency and the Shape of a Distribution n Symmetrical n Unimodal: Mo = Md = M
- Measures of central tendency
- Measures of central location for grouped data
- Objective of central tendency
- Measures of central tendency range
- Measures of central tendency for ungrouped data
- Objectives of measures of central tendency
- Measures of central tendency
- Formula of mode class 10
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- Measure of central tendency and dispersion
- Measures of central tendency worksheet
- Central tendency
- Measure of central tendency of grouped data
- Central tendency and variation
- Measures of central tendency and variation
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- Central tendency symbols
- Measures of central tendency notes
- Measures of central tendency median
- Measures of central tendency
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