MEASUREMENTS Prefix Notes SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Counting

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Counting Significant Figures 1. Nonzero integers always count as significant

METRIC PREFIXES n Increase or decrease basic unit by 10 n Form new units

PREFIXES THAT INCREASE A UNIT Prefix Symbol Value giga- G 1 000 000 megakilo-

PREFIXES THAT DECREASE A UNIT Prefix Symbol decicentimillimicronano- d c m u n Value

LEARNING CHECK Match 1) length volume 2) mass 3) _2 A. A bag of

LEARNING CHECK Indicate the prefix to use for 1. A mass that is 1000

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Counting Significant Figures 2. Zeros a. Leading zeros - never

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Counting Significant Figures 3. Exact numbers - unlimited significant figures

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Addition and Subtraction • The number of significant figures in

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Multiplication and Division • The number of significant figures in

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MEASUREMENTS Prefix Notes

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Counting Significant Figures 1. Nonzero integers always count as significant figures. 1457 has 4 significant figures 23. 3 has 3 significant figures

METRIC PREFIXES n Increase or decrease basic unit by 10 n Form new units larger or smaller than the basic units n Indicate a numerical value prefix = value 1 kilometer = 1000 meters 1 kilogram = 1000 grams 3

PREFIXES THAT INCREASE A UNIT Prefix Symbol Value giga- G 1 000 000 megakilo- M k 1 000 4

PREFIXES THAT DECREASE A UNIT Prefix Symbol decicentimillimicronano- d c m u n Value 0. 1 0. 001 0. 000 000 0001 5

LEARNING CHECK Match 1) length volume 2) mass 3) _2 A. A bag of tomatoes is 4. 6 kg. __ 1 B. A person is 2. 0 m tall. 2 C. __ A medication contains 0. 50 g Aspirin. __ 3 D. A bottle contains 1. 5 L of water. 6

LEARNING CHECK Indicate the prefix to use for 1. A mass that is 1000 times greater than 1 gram 1) kilo 2) milli 3) mega 2. A length that is 1/100 of 1 meter? 1) deci 2) centi 3) milli 3. A unit of time that is 1/1000 of a second. 1) nanosecond 2) microsecond 3)millisecond 7

MEASUREMENTS Sig Figs Notes

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Counting Significant Figures 2. Zeros a. Leading zeros - never count 0. 0025 2 significant figures b. Captive zeros (zero sandwich) - always count 1. 008 4 significant figures c. Trailing zeros - count only if the number is written with a decimal point 100 1 significant figure 100. 3 significant figures 120. 0 4 significant figures

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Counting Significant Figures 3. Exact numbers - unlimited significant figures • Not obtained by measurement § Determined by counting: 3 apples § Determined by definition: 1 in. = 2. 54 cm

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Addition and Subtraction • The number of significant figures in the result is the same as in the measurement with the smallest number of decimal places.

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Rules for Multiplication and Division • The number of significant figures in the result is the same as in the measurement with the smallest number of significant figures.