Measurement Measurement is the process of assigning numbers

Measurement

• Measurement is the process of assigning numbers to quantities. It involves a quantity and a unit.

Measurement You are making a measurement when you ¨Check you weight ¨Read your watch ¨Take your temperature ¨Weigh a watermelon What kind of measurements did you make today?

Measurement Basics • Length: is the distance of something measured • Volume/Capacity: how much something can hold ( generally liquid); how much space something takes up • Mass: amount of matter in an object

US/Customary System/English System • The US/Customary system has many different units of measurement • Each unit has a completely different name • They also have completely different conversion factors

Metric System • The metric system has base unit and many different prefixes

Metric Units of Measurement • Meters: Measures length • Liters: Measures volume or capacity • Grams: measures mass

Units of Measurement: Volume • US System – – – Cups Pints Quarts Gallons Fluid Ounces • Metric System – Liters

Units of Measurement: Length • US System – – Inches Feet Yards Miles • Metric – Meters

Units of Measurement: Weight/Mass • US System – Ounce – Pound – Tons • Metric – Gram

Metric System Prefixes • • • Mili- 1/1000, which means that 1000 mm=1 m Centi- 1/100, which means that 100 cg=1 g Deci- 1/10, which means that 10 dl=1 l Deka- 10, which means that 1 dkm=10 m Hecto- 100, which means that 1 hg=100 g Kilo- 1000, which means that 1 kl=1000 l

US Conversions • Length – 1 foot = 12 inches – 1 yard = 3 feet – 1 mile = 5, 280 feet

US Conversions • Volume – 1 cup = 8 fl oz – 1 pint = 2 cups – 1 quart = 2 pints – 1 gallon = 4 quarts

US Conversions • Weight – 1 lb = 16 oz – 1 ton = 2000 lbs

Measuring Distance in English Using a measuring tool called a ruler

Where did it come from? Why 12 inches?

The King’s Foot One Foot

The King’s Foot One Foot Too big for some things. . .

. . . So they used the length of the King’s first knuckle One Inch

Why 12 inches not 10 or 13? Simply because it took 12 lengths of his first knuckle to equal his foot.

. . . So they used the length of the King’s first knuckle One Inch But that was too big for some other things. . .

$. . . That’s exactly how they made the fractions between the inches. 1/2$

. . . That’s exactly how they made the fractions between the inches. 1/2 1/4

$. . . So they cut the inches into fractions 1/2 1/4 1/8 and$

. . . So they cut the inches into fractions 1/2 1/4 1/8 and 1/16

$You should have noticed that as the fractions got smaller, so did the length$

You should have noticed that as the fractions got smaller, so did the length of the lines between the whole numbers. That helps to identify a half from the fourths and so on.

$If you don’t remember what the fraction is just by looking at the, you$

If you don’t remember what the fraction is just by looking at the, you can always count the number of lines between the whole numbers. If there are 16, then your ruler is divided into sixteenths.

$. . then you can do the math to determine the fraction. If you$

. . then you can do the math to determine the fraction. If you counted 10 lines from the whole number, that would be 10 sixteenths. Here’s where that “magic number 2” comes in. To get the fraction to it’s lowest possible denominator DIVIDE both numbers in the fraction by 2 and keep doing it until the top number is odd. 10 = 5 16 8 Top number’s odd so 10/16 = 5/8 If the fraction comes between two whole numbers like 1 and 2, then the measurement is the first whole number and the fraction in this case it would be 1 and 5/8 ths

Name this measurement A. B. C. D. 1/2 1/3 1/4 5/16

Name this measurement A. B. C. D. 3/4 3/8 1 -3/4 2 -3/4

The Metric ruler is much different. Everything is based on 10 10 mm (millimeters) = 1 cm (centimeter) 100 cm= 1 m (meter) 1 m = 100 cm (cm = centimeter, cent means 100) 1 m = 1000 mm (mm = millimeter, mil means 1000)