May 26 2021 Bill of Rights Mr Raymond

May 26, 2021 Bill of Rights Mr. Raymond – KBCS 7 th Grade Civics 1

Agenda Why do we have a Bill of Rights? First 10 Amendments 1791 – The first 10 amendments are added. – Fulfills promises made during the Ratifying Conventions Civil Liberties & The Bill of Rights

Why a Bill of Rights? Federalists – Supporters of the Constitution who favored a strong national government Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay published a series of articles known as the Federalist Papers to get people to support the Constitution

Why a Bill of Rights? Antifederalists – People who opposed the Constitution and did not support a strong federal government

Why a Bill of Rights? Some people were afraid that states might not ratify, or approve the Constitution without a Bill of Rights. Thomas Jefferson Stated that a Bill of Rights was the only way to prevent the government abusing people’s rights Afraid government would abuse rights like King George

Why a Bill of Rights? Alexander Hamilton thought that a Bill of Rights was unnecessary Argued that the nation did not need laws to prevent the government from doing things that the Constitution gave it no power to do James Madison introduced 12 amendments to protect rights in 1791 10 Amendments, known as the Bill of Rights, adopted

7 May 26, 2021 EOC Question. In a letter written to James Madison on December 20, 1787, Thomas Jefferson wrote the following: “A bill of rights is what the people are entitled to…and what no just government should refuse. ” What can you conclude about what the people wanted? a. People wanted to express themselves. b. People wanted freedom of speech. c. People wanted government to not get in the way. d. People wanted their rights clearly spelled out.

Bill of Rights 10 First 10 Amendments to the Constitution Protects the basic rights of citizens from government abuse Became a symbol of human rights and freedom around the world

The First Amendment Includes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. five basic freedoms: Freedom of Religion Freedom of Speech Freedom of the Press Freedom of Assembly Freedom to Petition the Government Section 1

The First Amendment Freedom of Religion Why did/do many people come to the United States? Separation church / state How does this work? 1. 2. Establishment Clause? Right to practice your faith as you choose. Section 1

The First Amendment Freedom of speech Right to express one’s ideas without fear of punishment Limits to free speech (slander, libel, inciting a crime, or false panic, obscenity, treason, etc. )

The First Amendment Freedom Ensures of the Press that we receive various viewpoints. Why is this important? Censorship? “Watchdog” role

The First Amendment Freedom Right to form and belong to groups and to gather together peacefully Political rallies, demonstrations, political organizations, labor unions Freedom of Assembly to Petition Right to tell members of the government what they want to be done

1 st Amendment Key Terms Petition – a formal request Slander – spoken lies Libel Civil – written lies Liberties – freedoms we have to think and act w/o government interference or fear of unfair treatment

15 May 26, 2021 First Amendment Video – First & Foremost – Time Magazine

16 May 26, 2021 EOC Question Which of the following is protected by the First Amendment? a. freedom of religion, speech, press, the right to assemble and petition the government b. protect citizens from unreasonable search and seizures c. protect Citizens’ rights to a speedy trial and fair jury d. freedom from debts and voting rights for women

17 May 26, 2021 EOC Question What is the name for a crime that involves harming a person’s reputation by printing lies about him or her? a. suffrage b. libel c. segregation d. slander

18 May 26, 2021 EOC Question Which of the following is protected by the First Amendment? a. freedom of religion, speech, press, the right to assemble and petition the government b. protect citizens from unreasonable search and seizures c. protect Citizens’ rights to a speedy trial and fair jury d. freedom from debts and voting rights for women

19 May 26, 2021 EOC Question Which freedom protected by the First Amendment would involve the right to call a friend to complain about government? a. freedom of assembly b. freedom of religion c. freedom of petition d. freedom of speech

20 May 26, 2021 EOC Question Students were concerned about the number of traffic accidents on the street in front of their school. The students created a document asking the county to put a traffic light in front of their school. They were able to get many community members to sign their document. Which right, guaranteed in the Bill of Rights, were students using? a. The right of assembly b. The right to petition c. The right of freedom of speech d. The right of free expression

Bill of Rights – 2 nd Amendment – Right to bear arms Debate over what this means – private ownership?

Bill of Rights – 2 nd Amendment “A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed. ” "I ask, Sir, what is the militia? It is the whole people. To disarm the people is the best and most effectual way to enslave them. " George Mason Co-author of the Second Amendment during Virginia's Convention to Ratify the Constitution, 1788

Bill of Rights – 3 rd Amendment Prohibits the government from forcing people to house soldiers Military cannot force people to quarter soldiers Prevents things like the Quartering Act

Amendment IV - “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, house, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated. ” Search warrant – court order allowing police to search as suspect’s home or business and seize items as evidence. Big Brother is watching you!

Bill of Rights – 4 th Amendment Protects from unreasonable searches and seizures Cannot enter and search a person’s home without reason Cannot arrest someone without just cause Police need probable cause and a warrant

26 May 26, 2021 4 th Amendment http: //content. time. com/time/video/player/0, 32 068, 1027506447001_2080296, 00. html Video

Amendment V - “ No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on presentment or indictment of a grand jury, Grand Jury – a group of individuals (jury) who decide if there is enough evidence to start a trial.

Bill of Rights – 5 th Amendment - Person accused of a crime will not be denied life, liberty, or property without due process. 5 parts Indictment by a Grand Jury Does the evidence suggest that the person committed the crime? Protects against self-incrimination Having to testify against oneself.

Amendment V - “…nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself or herself, …” Persons accused of a crime do not have to provide evidence against themselves. This is called pleading the fifth Other key terms: • Due process – following established legal procedures • Eminent domain – gives the government the right to seize land for public use

Bill of Rights – 5 th Amendment Protects against double jeopardy Being tried twice for the same crime. Due process Government must act within the law Eminent domain Government can take property for public use as long as they give fair compensation.

Bill of Rights – 5 th Amendment Eminent Domain in the news More than just pleading the fifth – Time Magazine

32 May 26, 2021 EOC Question Which amendment protects Americans “against unreasonable searches and seizures, ” which means that the police can’t search your property without a search warrant? a. fourth b. fifth c. sixth d. eighth

33 May 26, 2021 EOC Question Which amendment guarantees our most basic freedoms? a. third b. second c. first d. all the amendments

34 May 26, 2021 EOC Question “A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. ” Which of the following is the amendment above referring to? a. An army is necessary for any nation. b. People are allowed to possess and own weapons. c. The insecurity of a free nation is important. d. People shall not bear arms.

35 May 26, 2021 EOC Question “No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. ” Which of the following is the amendment above referring to? a. Amendment One b. Amendment Two c. Amendment Three d. Amendment Four

36 May 26, 2021 EOC Question In the following quote, Thomas Jefferson refers to the right to bear arms as a last resort. “The strongest reason for the people to retain the right to keep and bear arms is, as a last resort, to protect themselves against tyranny in government” What can you conclude? a. Thomas Jefferson was against the 2 nd Amendment. b. He believed that this amendment might be used to defend ourselves against bad governments. c. People can use the second amendment in any circumstance. d. Thomas Jefferson believes that freedom of speech is essential.

Bill of Rights – 6 th Amendment – Rights of an accused person Know the nature of the charges Right to know what they are accused of Know the Witnesses Right to know who will act as witnesses. They can also provide their own witnesses. Habeas Corpus

Bill of Rights – 6 th Amendment Right to a Speedy Trial and Impartial Jury Date of trial set and an unbiased jury Right to a Lawyer Right to have some defend them. If they cannot afford one, the government will provide them with one.

Amendment VI - “… and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense. ” Miranda Rights: • You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. • You have the right to speak to an attorney, and to have an attorney present during any questioning. • If you cannot afford a lawyer, one will be provided for you at government expense.

Bill of Rights – 6 th Amendment Video

Bill of Rights – 7 th Amendment – Trial by jury in civil case Cases not dealing with crimes

Amendment VIII - “…nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted. ” 8 th Amendment – Protects. against imprisonment or punishment that is excessive Excessive bail Bail, or posting a cash guarantee, permits the person to go free until their trial. Cruel and Unusual Punishment Penalty should fit the crime

Bill of Rights – 9 th Amendment – People have rights that aren’t mentioned in the Constitution Can’t possibly list every single right, but wanted to let people know they had other rights.

Bill of Rights – 10 th Amendment – Powers not given to the federal government are given to the states or the people Stops the US government from taking more power than the Constitution gives it. Balance power between State and Federal governments Reserved Powers

45 May 26, 2021 EOC Question Which amendment guarantees that prisoners won’t be tortured while in jail? a. fourth b. fifth c. sixth d. eighth

46 May 26, 2021 EOC Question Which amendment will be violated if you had to wait two years for your trial? a. fourth b. fifth c. sixth d. eighth

47 May 26, 2021 EOC Question “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people. ” Which of the following is the amendment above referring to? a. Amendment Ten b. Amendment Nine c. Amendment Eight d. Amendment Seven

48 May 26, 2021 EOC Question The 4 th, 5 th, 6 th & 8 th Amendments are protections for: a. The right to go to public facilities. b. The right to attend any school regarding your race or color of your skin. c. The rights of the accused. The rights of prisoners.