Material Handling Material Handling Material handling equipment all

Material Handling

Material Handling Material handling equipment: all equipment that relates to the movement, storage, control and protection of materials, goods and products. • Man lifts • Forklifts • Bulk material handlers

Material Handling • Before using any type of equipment it is required that you be trained on that type of equipment. • A pre-operation inspection shall also be conducted before starting the equipment.

Material Handling Pre-Operation Inspection items: • Fluids • Leaks or cracks in hoses and mast chains • Tire condition • Load backrest extension

Material Handling Pre-Operation Inspection items: • Finger guards • Decals and nameplates (must be legible) • Operator manual (must be legible) • Seat belt

Material Handling Operational Inspection (with engine running): • Accelerator linkage • Inch control (if equipped) • Brakes • Steering • Drive & tilt controls • Horns, lights, backup alarm, and hour meter

Material Handling • Any powered industrial truck not in safe operating condition shall be removed from service. All repairs shall be made by authorized personnel. (29 CFR 1910. 178 (q)(1)) • Defects when found must be immediately reported and corrected. (29 CFR 1910. 178 (q)(1))

Material Handling • Scheduled maintenance is critical to the safe operation of your vehicle. • Never operate a piece of equipment requiring maintenance.

Material Handling • Cranes: A lifting machine, generally equipped with a winder or wire rope drum, wire ropes or chains and sheaves that can be used to lift and lower materials and to move horizontally.

Material Handling Types of cranes: • Truck mounted • Side-lift • Rough terrain • All terrain • Crawler crane

Material Handling • Rigging: The equipment and method used in lifting, pulling, or tying down an object. • Always make sure to use the proper chain grade specifically for rigging.

Material Handling • Tag Lines: Lines to keep you out of the line of fire.

Material Handling Cheater Bar / Pipe • An improvised breaker bar made from pipe and a wrench. • Used to free items that are hard to remove with a ratchet or wrench alone or to operate valves.

Material Handling Problems in using cheater bar/pipe: • If the component frees suddenly the worker can become a projectile that is propelled. • The cheater bar itself can become part of a catapult with the worker in the line of fire. • Use of such items can damage the component. • Falls, impacts, punctures and other injuries can occur from improper use.

Material Handling Back Injury Prevention • The back is critical in daily operations. It is used in every aspect of life. • After suffering one back injury, you are much more likely to experience another one later on. • More than 1 million workers suffer back injuries each year, accounting for 1/5 of all workplace injuries or illnesses.

Material Handling Why back injuries occur: • • Poor physical condition Poor posture Extra weight Stress Heavy lifting Twisting at the waist while lifting Lifting, carrying or working in odd positions • Sitting or standing too long in one position

Material Handling • If lifted correctly it takes 10 lbs. of pressure to lift a 10 lb. object. • When you add in the 105 lbs. of an average human’s upper torso, lifting a 10 lb. object puts 1, 150 lbs. of pressure on the human back.

Material Handling Alternatives to Lifting • Use cranes, hoists and lift tables • Place objects up off the floor or ground • Raise/lower work surfaces when possible • Use carts and dollies to move objects • Get a partner to help you lift • Reduce the amount of weight lifted

Material Handling Proper Lifting Techniques • Bend your knees • Take a balanced stance • Squat down to lift, keeping your heels off the floor.

Material Handling Proper Lifting Techniques • Get a firm grip on the load. • Lift gradually keeping the load close to your body. • Change directions by pointing your feet in the direction you want to go.

Material Handling Proper Lifting Techniques • Avoid twisting at your waist while carrying a load. • When you put a load down, use these same guidelines in reverse.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

Walking-Working Surfaces • Slips, trips and falls can happen in any part of the workplace, inside or outdoors. • Slips and trips often result in falls and more serious outcomes, including disabling injuries and even death. • The cost to both worker and employer can be great.

Walking-Working Surfaces Contributing factors: • Poor housekeeping • Poor guarding of hazards • Lack of general knowledge

Walking-Working Surfaces • It is important to remember that fall protection must be worn at OSHA’s required heights. • The fall protection used will depend on the job. • Full body harness and lanyards are examples. • Fall protection training will be provided for those employees required to use it.

Walking-Working Surfaces General Requirements: • Employees must be extremely cautious when working near and around: • Floor and wall openings • Stairways • Platforms • Ladders and scaffolds • All elevated work areas

Walking-Working Surfaces General Requirements: • Always use handrails. • Avoid ascending and descending any climbing surface with awkward loads or without handrails.

Walking-Working Surfaces General Requirements: • Always have adequate lighting. • Always wear fall protection when required.

Walking-Working Surfaces Dropped Objects: § Provide Adequate Warning: § If you are going to do work overhead warn those in the area: § Verbally § With signs § Ropes § Barricades

Walking-Working Surfaces Dropped Objects: • Secure the Load: • Make sure the load is balanced. • Use restraints such as nylon strapping bands to secure overhead objects. • Ensure guard rails and toe boards are in place on scaffolds or platforms.

Walking-Working Surfaces Dropped Objects: • Guarding: • Cover all floor openings, wall openings and holes to prevent tripping, falling or loss of tools. • Every open-sided floor or platform 4 feet or more above the adjacent floor or ground must be guarded.

Walking-Working Surfaces Guarding: • Do not use barricade tape or flagging as a temporary railing or fall restraint. • Never leave a floor opening unprotected. • Covers and/or guardrails must be provided to protect employees from hazards. • While the cover is not in place, the opening must be constantly attended.

Walking-Working Surfaces When we are talking about holes and openings, the following criteria is used: • Floor Hole: opening less than 12 inches but more than 1 inch. • Floor Opening: Opening larger than 12 inches.

Walking-Working Surfaces DO Housekeeping • Keep aisles, walkways, • Return tools and parts stairways and escape to their proper areas. routes free of clutter. • Keep tools and • Clean up spills materials away from immediately. edges of platform. • Prevent oil • Stack tools on a flat accumulation on floors. surfaces; cross-tie them or cover them to • Pick up trash. keep in place.

Walking-Working Surfaces Housekeeping DON’T • Leave spills for someone else to clean up. • Allow oil to build up on surfaces. • Allow trash to collect in corners, under machinery or other out of the way places. • Assume someone else sees the hazard. • Lay tools and other materials close to edges, on railings or sills.

Walking-Working Surfaces Scaffold: • If you suspect a scaffold is not safe, contact your supervisor before beginning work. • Scaffold must be inspected and have a tag in place – tag is good for 60 days. • Scaffolds over 4 feet must have railing to protect workers.

Walking-Working Surfaces Scaffold cont. : • Scaffolds over 6 feet must have toe boards and bracing. • Employees shall not work on scaffolds during storms and high winds. • Slippery conditions, including ice and snow must be eliminated as soon as possible after they occur.

Walking-Working Surfaces Ladders: • The main hazard when using a ladder is falling. • Ladders must be inspected before each use. • Any ladder found to have defects must be repaired or tagged for destruction.

Walking-Working Surfaces Ladders cont. : • Maintain ladders in good condition at all times. • Ladders used to gain access to roofs must extend no less than 3 feet from the point of support. • Do not use make-shift ladders.

Walking-Working Surfaces Ladders cont. : • Never use a ladder in the horizontal position as a work platform. • Do not leave ladder unattended. • Do not use ladders in front of unlocked, unguarded doors or in high traffic areas. • Always face a ladder when climbing up or down.

Walking-Working Surfaces Ladders cont. : • Carry tools in a tool belt. • Keep your body centered on the ladder – use the “belt buckle” rule. • Do not use metal ladders near electrical equipment. • One person at a time on a ladder unless specifically designed for more.

Walking-Working Surfaces Ladders cont. : • Keep ladders free and clean from grease. • Never use a defective ladder. • Portable ladders must have non-slip feet. • Maintain a 4 to 1 ratio for the angle of the ladder.

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Occupational Health

Occupational Health • Occupational health hazards are a part of working in our industry. • Through training, knowledge and an understanding of the hazards, we can work safely in these environments.

Occupational Health- Lead • Lead is a poisonous, bluish white, metallic element use mostly in combination with other materials. • Pipes, cable sheaths, batteries, bullets, paint, gasoline and solder. • In certain doses, lead can be a toxic substance when absorbed into your body.

Occupational Health- Lead Typical work activities which may generate lead exposure: • Welding • Buffing • Grinding • Torch cutting • Sand blasting on coated surfaces

Occupational Health- Lead • Lead can enter the body through inhalation or ingestion. • Symptoms of over-exposure: • Headaches • Fatigue • Anemia • Irritability • Muscle and joint pain • Stomach cramps

Occupational Health- Benzene • Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon that occurs naturally in petroleum crude oils and natural gas condensates. • Benzene concentrations are usually greater in lighter crude oils and condensates. • Under normal operating conditions, benzene should not be present in hazardous airborne concentrations.

Occupational Health- Benzene Acute health effects: • Headache • Dizziness • Drowsiness • Respiratory irritation Chronic health effects: • Cancer of the blood forming organs (leukemia).

Occupational Health- Benzene can be detected by: § Odor – aromatic, slightly sweet odor. § Physical symptoms – acute and chronic health effects. § Gas monitor – fixed monitor or personal. If you suspect a benzene spill or leak, vacate the area immediately and notify the appropriate personnel.

Occupational Health- Carbon Dioxide • Carbon Dioxide gas is formed from the combination of two elements: carbon and oxygen. • It is produced from the fermentation of liquids and breathing by humans and animals. • It cannot sustain life.

Occupational Health- Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) • NORM is a broad group of radioactive substances found naturally in our environment. • Crude oil, natural gas, and other substances extracted from the ground may be found to possess measurable levels of radioactivity. • Exposure occurs when the radioactive materials become airborne.

Occupational Health- NORM • The primary hazard is not the exposure to NORM but when these materials are taken into the body through: • Breathing • Eating • Open cuts and wounds

Occupational Health-Fibers (Man-made & Asbestos) • 29 CFR 1910. 1001 indicates that all affected personnel shall be trained in a way to ensure the employee’s understanding. • Asbestos is mainly used in fiber form. • Employees will be taught how to use respiratory protection if working in exposure areas.

Occupational Health-Fibers (Man-made & Asbestos) • A medical surveillance program will be activated if exposure to airborne concentrations of fibers or asbestos are at or above the action level and/or excursion limit. • Examinations will be performed by a licensed physician and shall include a medical work history and complete physical exam of all systems.

Occupational Health-Fibers (Man-made & Asbestos) • Air samples will be taken in the breathing zone where action level and/or excursion limits are reached.

Occupational Health-Organic Solvents • Solvents are substances that are capable of dissolving or dispersing one or more other substances. • Many organic solvents are recognized by NIOSH as carcinogens (benzene, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene).

Occupational Health-Organic Solvents Some examples and their uses: • Methane – Industrial settings. • Toluene – Paint, fuel oil, cleaning agents, lacquers, and paint thinners. • 1, 1, 1 – Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) – Degreaser and propellant.

Occupational Health-Organic Solvents • Avoid breathing in vapors • Ventilate the area well. • Wear rubber gloves when using solvents. • Wash solvents from skin immediately after use.

Occupational Health-Mercury and Diethanolamine Mercury • Found in wastewater from oil and gas production. • Mercury can enter the body through the lungs, skin and through the digestive system. Diethanolamine • Purifies gases, particularly natural gas. • Clear, colorless or pale yellow liquid.

Occupational Health-Hexavalent Chromium • Yellowish-green liquid. • Recognized as a human carcinogen. • Problematic among workers who handle chromate products and those who arc weld stainless steel.

Occupational Health-Methanol • Most commonly produced from the methane component in natural gas. • Volatile • Colorless • Highly flammable • Distinct odor slightly sweeter than ethanol • Burns with a clear flame

Occupational Health-Nitrogen Gas (N 2) Effective alternative used to frac shallow wells. • Normally colorless • Odorless • Tasteless • Non-metal gas

Occupational Health-Insect Bites • Stings and bites from insets are common, usually resulting in redness and swelling of the area. • Occasionally a sting can cause a life threatening reaction if you are allergic to the insect or are bitten multiple times.

Occupational Health-Insect Bites • Symptoms may include: • Pain • Swelling • Redness • Itching • Anaphylaxis

Occupational Health-Insect Bites • You can minimize your exposure to insect bites by changing your patterns of activity or behavior. • Avoid outdoor activity during dawn and dusk periods if possible. • Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants and hats. • Use insect repellants – apply to clothing, shoes and other gear.

Occupational Health-Insect Bites Anaphylaxis A severe reaction beyond the immediate area of a sting if you are allergic. • Symptoms may include: • Hives • Wheezing • Shortness of breath • Unconsciousness • Possible death

Occupational Health-Staph • Staph symptoms may vary depending on the location and severity of the infection. • Skin infections may be passed from one family member to another. It is important to not share clothing, towels or other similar items. • Staph can survive: • Drying • Temperature extremes • High levels of salt

Occupational Health-Staph Prevention • Wash your hands • Keep wounds covered • Keep personal items personal Do your part to keep YOU healthy.

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Environmental Awareness

Environmental Awareness • The primary goal of the well site owner, well owner/operator, and well service contractors is to provide a safe and clean work site. • An environmentally safe work site relates to proper containment of solid, liquid and gaseous hazardous materials. • Failure to contain hazardous materials may expose the company and its employees to serious civil and criminal penalties, as well as adverse publicity.

Environmental Awareness • Federal regulation requires discharges in quantities that may be harmful to public health or the environment be reported immediately. • Each state can then mandate more stringent guidelines if desired.

Environmental Awareness • Practicing all designated procedures and rules will insure compliance with all environmental laws and regulations. • All employees are to be aware of their responsibility to maintain a safe environment as a condition of employment.

Environmental Awareness HAZWOPER Incidents • A HAZWOPER situation may occur when an uncontrolled amount of gas or oil flows from a well bore and is not contained on the well site; or, • A fire presents an explosive hazard or when gas is released which requires special attention by specially trained personnel.

Environmental Awareness • The company supervisor will arrange for HAZWOPER trained personnel to handle a specific situation. • Personnel who are not trained to handle HAZWOPER situations are to follow the direction of their supervisor regarding their responsibility on site.

Environmental Awareness Environmental Safety Procedure • Signs are to be posted designating hazardous and flammable materials. • Valves and discharge devices are to be quick, self-closing when placed on containers. • All waste materials must go in specific containers meant to hold that type of waste.

Environmental Awareness • Only approved containers are to be used to store hazardous materials or flammable liquids. • All tanks, containers, and vessels are to be marked to indicated contents.

Environmental Awareness • Used cleaning rags and combustible waste are to be stored outside in a metal container and kept to a minimum. • Rig floors and well cellars are to be kept free from water, oils, and other contaminated waste.

Environmental Awareness • All spills of hazardous materials are to be cleaned up immediately, if the employee is trained or authorized. • Proper personal protective equipment is to be used when handling hazardous waste.

Environmental Awareness • All lines connecting tank trucks, vessels and pumping equipment to the well head or other storage containers are to be equipped with a check valve. • Cease operation immediately if a rupture or leak occurs.

Environmental Awareness • Catch pans should be used when running rods or tubing to prevent oil spill onto the well site. • Minimize waste to reduce the amount of hazardous material that permanently leaves the production process as waste.

Environmental Awareness • The rig site is to be kept clean of all trash during the period you are on the well location.

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