Mata Kuliah CSS 113 Konsep Sistem Informasi Tahun

Mata Kuliah : CSS 113 , Konsep Sistem Informasi Tahun Akademik : 2012/2013 KOMUNIKASI DALAM MENDUKUNG PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN Pertemuan-7 Sasaran Pembelajaran : Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : Menunjukkan hubungan komunikasi dalam mendu kung pengambilan keputusan dalam konsep work sistem 7 -1

Materi Pokok • Konsep Dasar komunikasi • Konsep dasar pengambilan keputusan • Dukungan IS pada komunikasi dan pengambilan keputusan 7 -2

Opening Case. . • What do you think? • Is “mass customization” as mentioned here going to be a major force? • What type of information system is this? • It is: – an information system that supports communication and decision making • Compare & contrast this with online shopping 7 -3

Can we use the WCA to describe this case? • Sure! 7 -4

7 -5

7 -6

7 -7

How can information systems improve communication and decision making? 7 -8

7 -9

Basic Communication Concepts • Social Context • Personal, Impersonal and Anonymous Communication • Time, Place and Direction of Communication 7 -10

7 -11

Basic Communication Concepts • Approaches for Improving Communication – Enhancing communications (presentation tools) – Self-service…deal with machines for simple stuff, let people take the exceptions – Make things systematic and well-ordered – A richer language is developing…multimedia • Can technology help us with the “spatially and temporally dislocated workforce? ” 7 -12

Basic Decision Making Concepts • • Steps in a Decision Process Rationality and Satisficing Common Flaws in Decision Making Approaches for Improving Decision Making 7 -13

Decision-making steps 7 -14

How IT can counteract problems in the decision-making process POOR FRAMING Description: Allowing a decision to be influenced excessively by the language used for describing the decision How an information system might help: Provide information encouraging different ways to think about the definition of the issue RECENCY EFFECTS Description: Giving undue weight to the most recent information How an information system might help: Provide information showing how the most recent information might not be representative PRIMACY EFFECTS Description: Giving undue weight to the first information received How an information system might help: Show some information is inconsistent with the first information received POOR PROBABILITY ESTIMATION Description: Overestimating the probability of familiar or dramatic events; underestimating the probability of negative events 7 -15 How an information system might help: Make it easier to estimate probabilities based on pertinent data

How IT can counteract problems in the decision-making process OVERCONFIDENCE Description: Believing too strongly in one’s own knowledge How an information system might help: Provide counterexamples or models showing that other conclusions might also make sense ESCALATION PHENOMENA Description: Unwillingness to abandon courses of action decided upon previously How an information system might help: Provide information or models showing how the current approach might give poor results ASSOCIATION BIAS Description: Reusing strategies that were successful in the past, regardless of whether they fit the current situation How an information system might help: Provide information showing how the current situation differs from past situatioins GROUPTHINK Description: Bowing to group consensus and cohesiveness instead of bringing out unpopular bias How an information system might help: Provide information inconsistent with the current consensus and prove its relevance 7 -16

Decision-making in action. . . • Let’s discuss decisions that you’ve made recently • How about your decision to register for your courseload…how did you decide? • How does this fit with the phases and common flaws we’ve discussed? 7 -17

Roles of Different Types of Information Systems in Communication and Decision Making • Office Automation Systems: Supporting General Office Work • Communication Systems: Making Communication Effective and Efficient • Transaction Processing Systems: Structuring Repetitive Communication and Decision Processes • Management and Executive Information Systems: Providing Information Systems for Management • Decision Support Systems: Providing Information and Tools for Analytical Work • Execution Systems: Helping People do the Work that Provides Value for Customers 7 -18

Office Automation Systems • • • Spreadsheets Text/Word processing Presentation (e. g. Powerpoint) Database systems Others? 7 -19

Communication Systems • Teleconferencing (October 12 th class will explore this further) • Messaging – Asynchronous (email, vmail) – Synchronous (chat & instant messaging) – Fax • Is fax dead? • Issues with messaging? • Groupware 7 -20

Transaction Processing Systems • We talked about this during our database discussions… • Systems that store data about transactions, which are business “events” that generate information in a system Management/Executive Information Systems • Support management decisions – information about organizational performance and operation • EIS provides this for senior management – adds information about external context of business – Focus on strategic, not tactical issues 7 -21

Decision Support Systems • Provide support for analytical work • Tactical decision support Closing • Konsep Dasar komunikasi • Konsep dasar pengambilan keputusan • Dukungan IS pada komunikasi dan pengambilan keputusan ===== thanks 4 your attention ===== 7 -22