Marvelous Monday April 28 Take your seat Begin

Marvelous Monday, April 28 • Take your seat • Begin Warm-Up 1. What was the specific purpose of the Marshall Plan? 2. Summarize the idea behind the Truman Doctrine 20 word summaries for each document

Today’s Agenda • Warm-Up • FN- “The Cold War Unfolds • Homework – Review for Vocabulary Quiz • Quiz will be WEDNESDY – Study Guide ques 1 -5

14 -5 and 15 -1 The Cold War Begins V.

Today’s Standard 10. 9 Analyze the causes and effects of the Cold War Today’s Topic: Causes of the Cold War Essential Question 1 What was the Cold War, why did it start and how did it divide the world?

A Growing Conflict • Although the United States (U. S. ) and Soviet Union (USSR) are allies during WWII tensions form because their political ideologies and postwar plans are very different.

U. S. A VS. Political Ideologies Democracy/Capitalism U. S. S. R Political Ideologies Communism/Command Economy Post war Agenda u. Resources for booming u. Rebuild infrastructure factories u. Reparations from u. Spread and promote Germany Democracy u. Prevent future u. Supply developing and Invasion war torn countries with u. Promote Communism much needed supplies u Create “Satellite u. Unite Germany nations” (buffer zone)

What was the Cold War? Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts of Third World peoples (undeveloped countries such as India, Afghanistan, Vietnam, Korea, etc…) Communist govt. & Command economy East vs. Democratic govt. & Capitalist economy West

The Ideological Struggle Soviet & Eastern Bloc Nations [“Iron Curtain”] Vs. GOAL spread worldwide Communism METHODS AND : US & the Western Democracies GOAL “Containment” of Communism & the eventual collapse of the Communist world. [George Kennan] « Espionage [KGB vs. CIA] « Arms Race [nuclear escalation] « Proxy Wars – a war that results when two powers use third parties as substitutes for fighting each other directly. Ex - Vietnam « Bi-Polarization of Europe [NATO vs. Warsaw Pact]

Teriffic Tuesday, April 29 • Take your seat • Begin Warm-Up 23 Days Left The year is 1950, and North Korea, a communist country, has invaded South Korea, a non-communist country. President Harry S. Truman has to decide whether to commit ground troops to help fight the invasion, which would mean that the “cold war” would become a “hot war. ” You are a policy analyst for the newly-formed National security Council. Using your knowledge of American cold war policy, the documents and your notes, write a 5 sentence paragraph in which you argue for or against committing American ground troops. You will need to address why the policy of Containment applies or does not apply to the situation in Korea.

Today’s Agenda • Warm-Up • FN- “The Cold War Unfolds • Homework – Review for Vocabulary Quiz • Quiz will be WEDNESDY – Study Guide Questions 6 -8

Europe Divided: East & West • Democratic West & Communist East • Germany divided; Berlin divided Communist East Democratic West • Churchill (1946): “an iron curtain has descended across the continent. ” – Stalin views words as a “call to war”

Early Containment Policies • Truman Doctrine 1947: US pledged to prevent further spread of communism • Sent $ to countries against communism • 1947: U. S. gave $400 million to Greece and Turkey to defeat communist forces there. • Marshall Plan 1948: “European Recovery Program. ” • Developed by Secretary of State, George Marshall • $12. 5 billion of. US aid to Western Europe extended to Eastern Europe & USSR, [but Stalin rejected it].

Post-War Germany pg 492

Berlin Blockade & Airlift (1948 -49) • 1948 – Stalin tries to force Western Allies out of Berlin • Sealed off railroads & Highways • W. Allies launched Berlin Airlift – planes supplied E. Berlin with food and fuel – Lasted for almost a year

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (1949) • Created in response to the threat of Communism v United States v Luxemburg v Belgium v Netherlands v Britain v Norway v Canada v Portugal v Denmark v 1952: Greece & v France Turkey v Iceland v 1955: West Germany v Italy v 1983: Spain

Warsaw Pact (1955) • Created in response to NATO • USSR dominated the Soviet satellites in East Europe } U. S. S. R. } East Germany } Albania } Hungary } Bulgaria } Poland } Czechoslovakia } Rumania

NATO Warsaw Pact

Wonderful Wednesday, 4/30 • Take your seat • Take out your notebook • Quietly review you vocabulary words Vocab. Quiz – 1 st 15 words for Unit 10 1. When finished bring quiz to me and quietly work on your notebook doing the following in the order they appear 1. Add questions to the last set of notes 2. Add at least 1 picture to your title page 3. Work on any unanswered study guide questions 1 -8

Today’s Agenda • Vocab Quiz / Precious Time • Wrap-Up FN for “The Cold War Begins” • FN: The Cold War P 2 • Homework – Catch up on any incomplete notebook assignments

The Cold War: Nuclear Escalation and Confrontation V.

Today’s Standard 1. Explain and give specific examples of the development of brinkmanship between the U. S. and U. S. S. R. by participating in class discussion and taking Focused Notes. 2. Identify and explain the significance of the different ways in which the U. S. and U. S. S. R confronted each otherthroughout the Cold War. Focus Question How did Brinkmanship create a dangerous arms race between the U. S. and U. S. S. R. ? Give to examples of how Brinkmanship nearly lead to war.

The Arms Race: A “Missile Gap? ” } The Soviet Union exploded its first A-bomb in 1949. } Now there were two nuclear superpowers!

The Arms Race: The Nuclear Threat • US – Hydrogen bomb (1952) – 1, 000 times more powerful than A-bomb • Soviets – H bomb (1953) • Brinkmanship – willingness to go to the “brink” or edge (nuclear war) • US & USSR stockpile nukes

Side Note: The ‘Tsar’ Bomb The Largest Bomb ever Tested (in northern Siberia) was this 100 megaton thermonuclear (Hydrogen/fusion) bomb

Test of the Tsar Bomb – The Soviets modified their bomber and added a parachute to the 100 megaton bomb in order for the plane to get away fast enough…

The “Tsar Bomb” – the largest bomb ever exploded on earth. The 100 megaton bomb could give 3 rd degree burns at 100 km, broke windows in Finland… the largest manmade explosion in history. For what? To scare the U. S!

Premier Nikita Khrushchev • 1953 Stalin Died • 1955 Nikita Khrushchev in power • De-Stalinization program • Openly condemned Stalin’s policies (terror, industry) “About the capitalist states, it doesn't depend on you whether we (Soviet Union) exist. If you don't like us, don't accept our invitations, and don't invite us to come to see you. Whether you like it or not, history is on our side. We will bury you. ” -- 1956

An Historic Irony: Sergei Khrushchev, American Citizen Who buried who?

Arms Race Expands • 1955 – SEATO/ ICBM – Southeast Asia Treaty Organization – meant to solidify U. S. influence in Asia – Intercontinental Ballistic Missile

Sputnik I & Space Race (1957) The Russians have beaten America in space —they have the technological edge! • US feels it’s falling behind Soviets • US pours millions of $ into education: science, math, languages • US launches satellite (1958)

U-2 Spy Incident (1960) Col. Francis Gary Powers’ plane was shot down over Soviet airspace. • U. S. denied plane’s purpose (Spy) • Eventually had to admit it – major U. S. embarras

Bay of Pigs Debacle (1961) 1. U. S Trained Cuban exiles to invade S. Cuba & overthrow communist gov’t 2. Cuban forces defeated U. S. trained exiled forces – 3. U. S. was embarrassed

East-West Summit Paris, 1961 Khrushchev & JFK meet to discuss Berlin and nuclear proliferation. Khrushchev thinks that JFK is young, inexperienced, and can be rolled.

The Berlin Wall (1961) • Built to stop Eastern Berliners from leaving Eastern Berlin. – August 13, 1961 • Becomes a symbol of the “Iron Curtain” • Taken down on November 9, 1989

Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)

Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) What Happened? • USSR built missile sites in Cuba Who Was Involved: Castro JFK Khrushchev • U. S. demanded they be removed & imposed a naval blockade • USSR agreed to remove missiles IF the US would take their missiles out of Turkey • U. S. and USSR went head to head – almost ended in nuclear war

Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) We went eyeball-to-eyeball with the Russians, and the other man blinked!

Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)

Focus Question How did Brinkmanship create a dangerous arms race between the U. S. and U. S. S. R. ? Give to examples of how Brinkmanship nearly lead to war. 6 -8 Sentence Paragraph 2 Greens 3 Yellows 1 -2 Reds for each yellow

Focus Question 1 What was the Cold War, why did it start and how did it divide the world? 8 Sentence Paragraph 2 Greens 3 Yellows 3 Reds