Martin Bragg Isuzu Truck UK Ltd Isuzu Company

Martin Bragg Isuzu Truck (UK) Ltd

Isuzu Company Background • Isuzu Motors Formed in 1911 (Tokyo Shipbuilding & Engineering Company Ltd) • Total vehicle production in excess of 28 million • Over 5. 5 million “N-Series” trucks produced • Worldwide production circa 700, 000 units/annum • 1. 4 milion Diesel engines produced per year

Isuzu Engine Applications

Isuzu S. E. E Program Improve efficiency and reduce CO emissions Make exhaust gases cleaner Develop clean energy vehicles Reduce vehicle external noise Reduce environmental impact substances Improve recyclability Reduce air conditioner refrigerants Reduce VOC in vehicle cabins

Manufacturing Motive Power Technology Disposal

Isuzu Company Background 5 - Main Factories Located in Japan 96 - Assembly Plants Worldwide (Combined Area of 8, 529, 893 sq/m)

Manufacturing All plants accredited to ISO 14001 Environmental Management ‘Plan for the Global Environment’

‘Plan for the Global Environment’ 1993 – 1999 achievements • Improve fuel economy – 11% reduction • Clean up emissions - legislation - idling stop/start - Particulate filter • Dual fuel vehicles - CNG/Diesel

‘Plan for the Global Environment’ 1993 – 1999 achievements • Reduce plant waste - 85% reduction • Energy savings plant -Energy usage -17% -CO 2 emissions -46%

Engines designed for low emissions

Diesel vs. Petrol CO Item Exhaust emissions Diesel Gasoline NOx - Better PM - Better - - Better Engine torque Better - Durability Better - (fuel consumption related) Noise level Others

EURO EMISSION STANDARDS FOR TRUCKS 1990 -2009 Emissions by Euro class g/k. Wh Carbon monoxide Hydrocarbons Nitrogen dioxide Particulate matter Methane Euro 0 (1990) 11. 2 2. 4 14. 4 — — Euro 1 (1993) 4. 5 1. 1 8. 0 0. 36 — Euro 2 (1997) 4. 0 1. 1 7. 0 0. 15 Euro 3 (2001) 2. 1 0. 66 5. 0 0. 1 1. 6 Euro 4 (2006) 1. 5 0. 46 3. 5 0. 02 1. 1 Euro 5 (2009) 1. 5 0. 46 2. 0 0. 02 1. 1

Isuzu Truck (UK) Ltd Emission Euro IV Isuzu 4 JJ Isuzu 4 HK 3. 5 t – 6. 2 t 150 bhp 7. 5 tonnes 190 bhp Euro V Nox 3. 500 2. 760 2. 400 2. 000 CO 1. 500 0. 060 0. 020 1. 500 HC 0. 460 0. 010 0. 000 0. 460 PPM 0. 020 0. 004 0. 020 Grams per Kilowatt Hour

Two Systems for Euro 4 • SCR • EGR

SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction Ad Blue and SCR- most European manufactures requires additive to be purchased and added to the vehicle. Has weight penalty on some vehicles Ammonia or Urea used as a reactant Catalytic converter used to absorb residue

Isuzu’s answer to Euro 4 • Common rail, high pressure, pilot, main & post injection • Variable nozzle turbocharger • Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) • Self cleaning diesel particulate defuser (DPD)

Diesel Particulate Defuser DPD

Alternative Fuels • • • Compressed Natural Gas Liquefied Petroleum Gas Dimethyl Ethel Diesel Hybrid Fuel Cell

CNG Advantages Disadvantages Zero PM emission Short running distance Low NOx emission Heavy fuel container Very low CO emission

LPG Advantages Disadvantages Very low emissions Fuel consumption equivalent to petrol

DME Advantages Disadvantages Zero PM emission Shorter life No black smoke Good economy No fuel structure

Diesel Hybrid Advantages Disadvantages Improved fuel economy Complex system Low CO 2 Emissions Reduced emissions for start up and acceleration High maintenance costs

Diesel Hybrid

ELECTRIC • On Board Batteries • Weight penalties • May be exempt from type approval

Transmission

Easyshift: the Manual gearbox that thinks it’s an Automatic

Easyshift Characteristics (Comparison with A/T) Easyshift (Fluid coupling) A/T (Torque Converter) Dry type clutch Lock Up Transmission Loss A/T Vehicle speed Transmission efficiency M/T level ð Lock up up Transmission Loss NEES Fluid coupling operate only for starting Vehicle speed

Speedlimiters

End of Life ELV