Marshall Court I Chief Justice John Marshall II

Marshall Court I. Chief Justice John Marshall II. A. Dominates Supreme Court III. B. Strengthened federal govt. at the expense of state governments

• II. Key Cases A. Marbury v. Madison 1803 1. Est. Judicial Review 2. Midnight Justices

• B. Fletcher v. Peck 1810 1. Yazoo River land grants 1795 2. Georgia rescinded grants a. Original grantee sues b. Marshall’s ruling 1. Original grants contracts 2. Art. I, Sec. 10 cl. 1 3. 1 st time state law declared unconstitutional

• C. Mc. Culloch v. Maryland 1819 1. Issue- right of state to tax agency est. by federal government 2. State bank of Maryland imposed tax on BUS 3. Power to tax = power to destroy Power to create = power to preserve

• D. Dartmouth v. Woodward 1819 1. New Hampshire- attempted to change college charter 2. Marshall’s Decisiona. Contract guaranteed by Const. b. Upheld 1769 Charter

• 3. Effect & Impact a. Safeguarded business from state control b. Allowed chartered organizations to escape public control (handcuffs)

• E. Cohens v. Virginia 1821 1. Est. precedent of Supreme Ct. right to review state laws 2. Upheld supremacy of federal cts & govt 3. Judicial Review

• F. Gibbons v. Ogden (Steamboat) 1. NY attempt to grant monopoly 2. Art. 1 sec. 8 para. 3 - Congress regulates interstate commerce

• 3. Marshall’s decision a. Involved 2 states b. Interstate commerce