MARITIME TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS BY SEA with
MARITIME TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS BY SEA …with special focus on Class 7 - Radioactive Materials of the IMDG Code Alfredo Parroquín-Ohlson Technical Officer, Cargoes Section, Maritime Safety Division YOUR LOGO Panama, Panama 3 to 6 June 2014
IMDG? , …Code? what ? e u q ? o h ? w wh como? os a i quien dice? d? ? n e h w cuand o wh ? y ? e? ? e r e ? e d n o d h w porqu YOUR LOGO
ECOSOC - UN Economic and Social Council Body of the United Nations Organization (UN) established to coordinate economic and social matters and the work of the 14 specialized agencies of the UN… (…. . IMO, ICAO, IAEA are some of those) Sub-Comittee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods In 1956 established minimun requirements for the transport of such goods and for any type of transport: YOUR LOGO (Road, Rail, Air and Sea)
Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods UN Model Regulations , 18 th Revised Edition “The Orange Book” (Road, Rail, Air and. YOUR LOGO Sea)
UN Recommendations on the transport of Dangerous goods Nowadays…. (United Nations Model Regulations) The transport of dangerous goods……. is regulated by the following five international instruments depending of the mode of transport to be used. ADR European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of dangerous goods by Road. ADN European Agreement for the carriage of dangerous goods by Inland Waters. RID Regulations concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by Rail. IMDG International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code IATA / ICAO Technical instructions for the transport of dangerous goods by Air These five regulations are very similar, also in their text structure. YOUR LOGO There exists mutual recognision of documents, packing or labels in order to facilitate multilodal transport.
UN Recommendations on the transport of Dangerous goods Nowadays…. (United Nations Model Regulations) The transport of dangerous goods……. is regulated by the following five international instruments depending of the mode of transport to be used. ADR European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of dangerous goods by Road. ADN European Agreement for the carriage of dangerous goods by Inland Waters. RID Regulations concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods by Rail. IMDG International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code IATA / OACI Technical instructions for the transport of dangerous goods by Air These five regulations are very similar, also in their text structure. YOUR LOGO There exists mutual recognision of documents, packing or labels in order to facilitate multilodal transport.
International Maritime Organization IMO is an intergovernmental body that deals with matters on sea transport, which are referred to it by its Member Governments. IMO is mainly involved in development of international regulations, on the basis of proposals by Member Governments. The practical design and application is the responsibility of the maritime Administrations concerned Page 7 YOUR LOGO
How it works General Assembly 170 Member States SHIP DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION (SDC) COUNCIL 5 Committees Facilitation Committee Technical Co-operation Committee Legal Committee HUMAN ELEMENT, TRAINING AND WATCHKEEPING (HTW) NAVIGATION, COMMUNICATIONS AND SEARCH AND RESCUE (NCSR) IMPLEMENTATION OF IMO INSTRUMENTS (III) CARRIAGE OF CARGOES AND CONTAINERS (CCC) E&T Group Maritime Safety Committee Marine Environment Protection Committee Page 8 SHIP SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT (SSE) 7 Sub-Committees 40 Member States POLLUTION PREVENTION AND RESPONSE (PPR) YOUR LOGO
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Maritime Regulatory Framework Provisions on the carriage of radioactive material by sea are contained in: 1 SOLAS Convention 2 IMDG Code 3 INF Code 4 Em. S Guide 5 ISPS Code 6 Related Documents 7 Latest developments YOUR LOGO
Regulatory Framework INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA SOLAS Chapter VII, Carriage of Dangerous Goods Part A - Carriage of dangerous goods in packaged form. Part D - Special requirements for the carriage of packaged irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium and high-level wastes on board ship. Regulations I/12, I/13, I/19 and XI/4 are relevant as well. (Certification and Control) Page 11 RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL TRANSPORT SAFETY YOUR LOGO
Regulatory Framework International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code IMDG Code Provisions deal with the stowage, segregation, packaging, classification, labelling, marking and placarding of dangerous goods, ……. . including radioactive material Chapter 1. 5 - General provisions concerning class 7. Chapter 2. 7 - Class 7 – Radioactive material. Chapter 6. 4 - Provisions for the construction, testing and approval of packages and material of class 7. Chapter 7. 3 - Special provisions in the event of an incident and fire precautions involving dangerous goods. Page 12 YOUR LOGO
Regulatory Framework IMDG Code. . Cont. . Harmonized with the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (The Orange Book) Contains relevant provisions of IAEA Safety Standards (Series No ST-1) which are spread over the Code under appropriate Parts/Chapters (attaining mandatory status too). Page 13 YOUR LOGO
Regulatory Framework IMDG Code…. . ”its life” IMDG Code SEQUENCE of EVENTS In 1965 IMO 4 th Assembly, adopted the IMDG Code as a Recommendatory instrument only!!! Then, . . . . Many changes since. . . both, in appearance and content! RESOLUTIONS ADOPTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME DANGEROUS GOODS (IMDG) CODE Page 14 YOUR LOGO
Regulatory Framework International Code for the Safe Carriage of Packaged Irradiated Nuclear Fuel, Plutonium and High-Level Radioactive Wastes on board Ships INF Code mandatory under SOLAS 1974 and has entered into force effective January 2001 (Part D of chapter VII of the SOLAS Convention, a ship transporting INF cargo, as defined in regulation VII/14. 2, shall comply with the requirements of the International Code for the Safe Carriage of Packaged Irradiated Nuclear Fuel, Plutonium and High-Level Radioactive Wastes on board Ships (INF Code). ) Addresses issues related to the safe transport of packaged irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium and high-level radioactive wastes carried as cargo, in accordance with class 7 of the IMDG Code, including shipboard emergency plan, and notification in the event of an incident involving INF cargo NOTE: In addition to the requirements of the INF Code, the provisions of the IMDG Code shall apply to the carriage of INF material Page 15 YOUR LOGO
Regulatory Framework INF Code, Cont. . . . INF Code Contents Comprises of 11 chapters and an Appendix. Chapter 1 -Definitions, application, survey and certification. Chapters 2 to 8 - ship design, construction and equipment. Chapter 9 - Management and Training. Chapter 10 - Shipboard emergency plan. Chapter 11 - Notification in the event of an incident involving INF cargo. Appendix - International certificate of fitness for carriage of INF cargo NOTE: Generally, these requirements are considered to be more stringent than in SOLAS. Page 16 YOUR LOGO
International Code for the Safe Carriage of Packaged Irradiated Nuclear Fuel, Plutonium and High-Level Radioactive Wastes on board Ships INF Code Page 17 YOUR LOGO
Regulatory Framework EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURES FOR SHIPS CARRYING DANGEROUS GOODS (Em. S Guide) Contains guidance on emergency response procedures for ships carrying dangerous goods including the emergency schedules to be followed in case of incidents involving dangerous goods regulated under the IMDG Code Guidance mainly in two parts, ‘F’ and ‘S’ Part ‘F’ dealing with fire schedules Part ‘S’ dealing spillage schedules NOTE: Schedules ‘F-I’ and ‘S-S’ developed in cooperation with IAEA and therefore the Agency’s relevant provisions are incorporated Page 18 MSC/Circ. 1025 (as amended by MSC. 1/Circ. 1025/Add. 1) 17 July 2002 Revised Emergency Response Procedures for Ships Carrying Dangerous Goods (Em. S Guide) YOUR LOGO
Regulatory Framework International Ship and Port Facility Security ISPS Code adopted on 12 December 2002 Part A of the Code is mandatory from 1 July 2004 under the umbrella of SOLAS Convention Chapter XI-2 Its Objective : - creates an international framework involving Governments, local administrations and port/shipping industries to detect/assess security threats and take preventive measures - sets the respective roles and responsibilities of all the parties concerned; - provides a methodology for security assessments; - advises on comparison and exchange of securityrelated information. Page 19 YOUR LOGO
Regulatory Framework International Ship and Port Facility Security ISPS Code…. cont ships and port facilities can co-operate to detect and deter acts which threaten security in the maritime transport sector. Entered into force on 1 July 2004 Currently applies to 159 States Covers entire spectrum of security, from attempts to commit petty thefts, to piracy and armed robbery against ships, to attempts to board a ship as a stowaway or illegal migrant, to terrorism Aim is establishment of a security-conscious culture amongst those involved in the shipping and port industries by focusing on enhancing awareness and vigilance. Page 20 YOUR LOGO
Other relevant and related documents: - Guidelines for a structure of an integrated system of contingency planning for shipboard emergencies (A. 852(20)) - Guidelines for developing shipboard emergency plans for ships carrying materials subject to INF Code (A. 854(20)) - Guidelines for voyage planning (A. 893(21)) Page 21 YOUR LOGO
Latest Developments IMO Secretariat currently: Collaborates with IAEA in the preparation of guidance for coastal States on how to respond to a maritime emergency involving radioactive materials…. . (i. e Fukushima Nuclear Disaster) Participated in the International Steering Committee for delays and denials of class 7 shipments (air, road, train, sea)………. * * * Page 22 YOUR LOGO
Latest Developments Denial of shipments of radioactive material In recent years a number of commercial carriers, ports and handling facilities do not accept radioactive material. Reasons -questions about radiation exposure to workers; - lack of appropriate facilities; - lack of training; - lack of awareness among Authorities, carriers and the public; - requirements for a carrier radiation protection programme; - decision-making responsibility within a country’s Authority Results - increases the shipment duration and overall costs. Page 23 YOUR LOGO
Latest Developments Comments…. . It has been noted that simply the fact that a material is classified as IMDG Code class 7 radioactive material is sufficient for a carrier to deny transportation of the consignment or for a port to decline the entry of a ship carrying such materials. The initial conclusion it has been that shipments of such substances, when are transported in compliance with the relevant provisions of SOLAS chapter VII and of the IMDG Code, should not be denied on grounds of safety The problem on denial of shipments affects the sphere of substances which fall under IMDG Code class 7 radioactive materials. Page 24 YOUR LOGO
Documents FAL. 6/Circ. 12 - 2005 Difficulties encountered in the shipment of IMDG Code class 7 radioactive material and, in particular, cobalt-60 Resolution A. 984(24) - 2006 Facilitation of the carriage of IMDG Code class 7 radioactive materials including those in packaged form used in medical or public health applications Page 25 * * * YOUR LOGO
Latest Developments Data Base on Denial of shipments of radioactive material An IMO/IAEA/ICAO Denials Database established. This is a mechanism within the IMO Secretariat to co-ordinate efforts to resolve speedily difficulties in the carriage of IMDG Code class 7 radioactive materials, whereby the Secretariat will monitor, facilitate and co-ordinate the resolution of such difficulties. * * * 236 reports recorded, 182 relating to sea-mode / 51 to air mode / and 3 to land mode Page 26 YOUR LOGO
Latest Developments Cont. . COMPUTER-BASED (E-LEARNING) PACKAGE FOR IMDG CODE CLASS 7 Through the Technical Co-operation capacity-building and training programme and as response to the Strategic Plan for the Organization, it was identified the need to develop an e-learning package for the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, class 7 radioactive material. The e-learning package is based on the latest version of the IMDG Code, and it is supplemented by the International Atomic Energy Agency Training Manual. This training tool enables distance-learning and remote testing to confirm the level of knowledge acquired by those associated with the shipments and handling of IMDG Code class 7 radioactive materials. The Computer-based (e-learning) package for the preparation, handling and transport of class 7 radioactive materials is ready for downloading (free of cost) by interested stakeholders, by clicking on the link: http: //www. class 7 elearning. com Page 27 YOUR LOGO
Thank you！ Gracias ! www. imo. org Page 28 YOUR LOGO
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