Marine litter seafloor litter and beach litter relevant
Marine litter – seafloor litter and beach litter, relevant protocols and masterlist – M. Le Moigne, F galgani IFREMER
Beach Litter - Monitoring is well Organised in OSPAR region , not so well implemented in the MED Sea (2 beaches for France) - Coordination by OSPAR in OSPAR region (OSPAR database where to find data) - Recently included in UNEP/MAP action Plan for the MED SEA, - Planned for HELCOM, nationally in BSC - In The MED: Importance of NGOs (MOI-ESCDE/Greece, historical data) , and DEFISHGEAR project ( considered as a core/starting project, coordination Slovenia)
Beach Litter MSFD Protocol Survey form : area 1 km 50 cm ter > it L o r c Ma 1 beach 4 times / year 100 m area : All Litter collected Quadrats : Collection Microplastics Collection Identification Counts of items - Mandatory Weight or Volume – non mandatory
OSPAR Guidelines Documentation and characterisation of sites are very important as surveys should be repeated on exactly the same site. TG-ML recommended to use the Marine Litter Beach Documentation and Characterization Form of the OSPAR Marine Litter Beach Questionnaire (OSPAR Commission 2010 b). Guidance on Monitoring of ML in ES, 2013
OSPAR Guidelines OSPAR sampling Scheme OSPAR survey sites provides information on the magnitude of litter pollution in adjacent waters and coastal areas and can indicate spatial differences in litter pollution and Trends in the abundance of individual litter items or groups of items (i. e. fisheries related items, packaging, material class etc. ) The composition of the litter recorded on the beaches provides information on how common the different litter items (plastic bags, metal tins etc. ) or litter material categories (plastic, wood etc. ) are. Quantitative objectives on the amount of litter should be set at the subregional level. Nevertheless, marine litter pollution is a problem for the entire OSPAR region and objectives will be required for every subregion.
OSPAR Guidelines OSPAR Beach Litter Monitoring Guidelines. Each item has a unique OSPAR identification number. From L. Kerambrun - Cedre
OSPAR Guidelines From L. Kerambrun - Cedre
OSPAR Guidelines National coordinators are responsible for further quality assurance (training of surveyors, quality control of the data before and after it is entered into the database, the strict and consistent use of the OSPAR guideline, use of Litter Analyst for data validation and clean-up as well as to check for extreme values).
Classification Comparison TSG 10 : 9 classes OSPAR : 12 classes • • • Plastic / Polystyrène (54 items) Rubber (4 items) Cloth (5 items) Paper / Cardboard (9 items) Wood (machined) (9 items) Metal (15 items) Glass (3 items) Pottery / Ceramics (3 items) Sanitary waste (6 items) Medical waste (3 items) Faeces (1 item) Other pollutants From L. Kerambrun - Cedre • • Artificial polymer materials Rubber Paper / Cardboard Cloth / textile Processed / worked wood Metal Glass / ceramics Other • Microparticle (Artificial polymer) OSPAR: 121 items TSG: 184 items (21 m. P)
2 ways to store Beach Litter Data in OSPAR area Direct 1 2 Reporting format downloadable on ICES DOME data portal http: //www. ices. dk/marine-data/dataportals/Pages/DOME. aspx The Simplified Litter format
OSPAR Beach Litter Data. Base Ospar data base managed by MCS (Marine Conservation Society) For the first time in 2016 all OSPAR coastal states have submitted beach litter data. http: //odims. ospar. org/ -The link between the OSPAR Data Portal and the Beach Litter Monitoring Database (www. mcsuk. org/ospar) has not yet been completed so this is not available spatially ( will be addressed in the coming year). 2016 data has therefore only been uploaded to the data portal as a data file and not as a spatial layer (www. ospar. org/data).
Seabed Litter - Monitoring is well Organised in OSPAR region ( IBTS programme, DATRAS related process , protocol enshrined in the manual, Ospar categories, OSPAR/ICES group for data storage). Two protocols (Ospar and Spain / Portugal but same units - Starting in the MED sea, same approach than OSPAR area (MEDITS programm, DATRAS related process, protocol enshrined in the manual, data storage to be organized through MEDITS or MEDPOL with the Specific issue of non european countries. - Same process within HELCOM ( BITS cruises, etc. ) - Planned for in BSC, Data available nationally
OSPAR sampling Scheme Stations used for the assessment covering region II, III and the northern part of region IV (GOV) and the assessment covering the Iberian coast and Golf of Cadiz (BAK) Definition and specification of the survey: -the positions of stop and start of each trawl and its technical specification e. g. wing spread, mesh size of net, cod end and blinders. - After each tow, fish were deposited in the fish pound before being sorted. litter items are manually picked from the hopper and cod end and classified according to the classification system in the guidance document on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas (MSFD)
OSPAR sampling Scheme Stations used for the assessment covering region II, III and the northern part of region IV (GOV) and the assessment covering the Iberian coast and Golf of Cadiz (BAK) Definition and specification of the survey: Ø positions of stop and start of each trawl Ø its technical specification e. g. wing spread, mesh size of net, cod end and blinders. Start trawl Stop trawl Ø After each tow, fish are deposited in the fish pound before being sorted. Litter items are manually picked from the hopper and cod end and classified according to the classification system in the guidance document on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas (MSFD)
Annex 15: Data sheet for collection of marine litter from the Manual for the International Bottom Trawl Surveys Type Number Size Weight
OSPAR: 39 categories. MSFD classification system, adopted in 2010 the existing 2009 Cefas monitoring categories. 6 main categories of litter, each divided into sub-categories
- Data is collected annually by the ICES data centre (database linked to the DATRAS database for fish trawl surveys), extractions can be made from ICES website. Data 2015 (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, ND, Sp. and UK, Other to come) - submission status of all available seafloor litter data can be found here: https: //datras. ices. dk/Data_products/Submission_Status. aspx. - Since 2017, data can be downloaded via the ICES Data Centre: https: //datras. ices. dk/Data_products/Download/files/Trawl_Litter_OSPAR_V 6_20170310. Zip - QA/QC procedures for seabed litter should form part of the future ICESWG ML - Changes related to data generation and management should be taken forward by ICES. - Changes in relation to the assessment and technical content will fall under the responsibility of the OSPAR ICGML and should be signed off by the OSPAR EIHA committee.
A B Map of smoothed total counts (A) and smoothed plastics counts (B) in OSPAR region II, III and the northern part of region IV (portugal and Spain excluded)
2 ways to store seabed Litter data in ICES Database DATRAS trawl litter data Column definition Options Record. Type Quarter Country Ship Gear Survey Record identification Quarter Country Ship Gear Survey type "LT" Yes http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=12 Yes http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=4 Yes http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=3 Yes http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=2 Yes http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=102 Yes Reserved 1 Reserved 2 St. No Reserved field Station number report -9 Haul. No Year LTREF Haul number Year Yes http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=138 Yes 1 Yes http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=138 No 0 Restricted units: g/haul, Yes kg/haul, kg/km 2 Yes Restricted units: items/haul, Yes 2 items/km Yes http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=138 No 2 http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=138 No 5 http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=140 No 3 PARAM LTSZC Litter reference list Parameter Litter size Unit. Wgt Weight units LT_Weight Unit. Item Weight value Item units LT_Items LTSRC Number of items Litter source TYPPL Type of polymer LTPRP Litter properties ERF 3. 2 format linkage Mandatory Format Yes Values obtained from DATRAS In DATRAS Fixed value "LT" See options See "datasets" abbreviations National coding system, not defined by ICES. Sequential numbering by cruise "1900 -2099" "C-TS" Request other units from accessions@ices. dk See options. Multiple options possible (separate multiple entries with “~” (ascii 126)) LATIT Latitude Shooting latitude Yes Shooting latitude in decimal degrees LONGI Longitude Shooting longitude Yes Shooting longitude in decimal degrees SDATE STIME ETIME MXDEP Sampling date Sampling time/start (UTC) Sampling end time (UTC) MATRX POSYS PURPM MPROG Year/Month/Day Time. Shot Calculated Maximum (lower) depth of gear (m). Depth Matrix Positioning system Purpose of Monitoring Programme Yes No Yes Default values http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=56 No http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=40 No http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=42 No http: //vocab. ices. dk/? ref=147 No in metres Determined by gear "HLS" "FS" The Simplified Litter format
2. 2) MEDITS sampling Scheme (GCFM areas) Definition and specification of the survey: -the positions of stop and start of each trawl and its technical specification e. g. wing spread, mesh size of net, cod end and blinders. - After each tow, fish were deposited in the fish pound before being sorted. litter items are manually picked from the hopper and cod end and classified according to the classification system in the guidance document on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas (MSFD) http: //www. sibm. it/SITO%20 MEDITS/principaleprogramme. htm
MEDITS: 37 categories/ sub categories. MSFD classification system, adapted by Medits group from IFREMER/ and MSFD protocol. 9 main categories of litter, each divided into sub-categories
- Data is collected annually nationally -MEDITS is collecting data in 2017 from parties, to prepare a report : No data management system (MEDPOL or MEDITS or EMODNET? ) - QA/QC procedures for seabed litter should form part of the future MEDPOL process. - Changes related to data generation and management should be taken forward by MEDITS coordinator. - Changes in relation to the assessment and technical content will fall under the responsibility of the parties.
Started in 1994 ( France) 2017: Data available from Spain, France, Italy, Slovenia, croatia, Greece, Cyprus, Malta. (Montenegro and Albania through defishgear? )
MEDITS Transmission Format
MEDITS Transmission Format
MEDITS Transmission Format Not valid if not link with Data on the haul Do we keep all this fields to fill EMODnet database?
List TSG-ML vs IBTS&MEDITS lists From L. Kerambrun - Cedre
Various systems/ Compatibilities 1) UNEP list (first launched) 2) OSPAR list (first in use for beach litter) 3) MSFD list (support to harmonisation, built to be compatible) Compatibilities Beach litter: MSFD/OSPAR/ UNEP ( Cps in the Med, Baltic or BSC) Sea floor: between RSCs ( France and Spain, Denmark and germany, Ingested and floating: MSFD protocols only
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