Map Types Globe vs Map Depending on the
Map Types
Globe vs. Map • Depending on the information you are attempting to gain insight on you would need to decide on which picture representation you would want to refer to. 1. Globe – A model representation of Earth’s entire surface. • • Country coordinates Time zones 2. Map – A picture or model of a place or location. • • Driving Directions Points of Interest Grid Topographic maps
Globe or Map – Which would be best? • If I wanted to locate the nearest gas station in Ovid: Map • If I wanted to see where Hawaii is in relation to New York: Globe • If I wanted to find Sochi, Russia and see how many hours ahead of us they are for the Olympics? Globe • If I wanted to see what route would be best to drive from Ovid to Washington D. C. : Map
Globe • A picture of Earth’s entire surface. • Reference features used: 1. Lines of Longitude – run vertically • • Starts at the Prime Meridian - 0° Spaced every 15° - 24 total meridian lines – – Left of the Prime Meridian = West (0 -180) Right of the Prime Meridian – East (0 -180) 2. Lines of Latitude – run horizontally • Starts at the Equator - 0° – – Above the equator = North (0 -90) Below the equator = South (0 -90)
West East Greenland North America Europe Africa South America South Prime Meridian Equator X Asia Australia Antarctica
Using A Globe 1. Australia is located in which two hemispheres? Southern & Eastern Hemisphere 2. Is Greenland East or West of the Prime Meridian? West 3. Which continent is located at: 30°S and 60°W South America 4. What would be the coordinates for X in Asia? 30°N and 150°E
Time Zones • Lines of Longitude are spaced every 15°. – There are 24 meridian lines. • 15 X 24 = 360°. – So each meridian line = 1 hr of time. – Move West from the Prime Meridian = fall back 15° or, gain an hour of time. • 2 pm will become 1 pm if you move 1 meridian line to the left. – Move East from the Prime Meridian = move forward 15°, lose an hour of time. • 2 pm will become 3 pm if you move 1 meridian line to the right.
World Time Zones Fall Back = Gain Jump Forward = Lose X – Sochi, Russia Prime Meridian
World Time Zones 1. From the Prime Meridian, New York would gain or lose time? Gain – How many hours? 5 hours 2. Sochi, Russia was ahead or behind New York in time? ahead • How many hours? 9 hours 3. How many time zones does Australia have? 3
US Time Zones
US Time Zones • How many different time zones does the Continental United States have? 4 • Which time zone is Ovid, NY in? Eastern • If we travel to California, do we fall back or move forward in time? Fall back • If it is 10 am in Ovid, what time is it in: 9 am 8 am 7 am – Texas: – Wyoming: – Nevada:
Maps • Maps are picture or model representations of a location or place. • Map Types: – Driving Directions – Points of Interest – Grids – Topographic Maps
Reference Features Parking • Maps use reference features to help you understand the information being pictured: 1. Legend: Tells you what certain symbols may mean or represent. Post Office Marina School Information Lodging Picnic Area Handicap Friendly Restroom Hospital Telephone Airport Food First aid
Reference Features 2. Compass: Tells you the direction locations are in relation to each other. 3. Scale: Tells you how far a location is on the map in regards to the real distance on Earth.
Reading Maps • What does the symbol mean? Interstate • From Buffalo to Albany, what would be the fastest road to travel on? 90 – Would it be free? No, toll road • Is there another road you could take that would be free? Yes, 20 US Highway • What direction does 81 run? NS – What type of road would this be?
Grids • Grids are similar to maps in that they are picture or model representations of a location or place. • They are different however in that they DO NOT use longitude/latitude coordinates but instead use letters and numbers. – Letters take the place of latitude. • Run East to West, horizontally – Numbers take the place of longitude. • Run North to South, vertically
Grids
Reading Grids 1. What will you find in each of the following: – A-1: Office - C-3: Kindergarten – A-2: Front door - C-1: Grade 3 2. Where would you find each of the following places? – Nurse’s Office: B-1 - Grade 2 Classroom: – Lunch Room: A-3 - Hallway: B-3 B-2, C-2
Topographic Maps • Topographic Maps show the birds-eye view of an area. – Show highly accurate information on: • • Elevation Gradient Topographic Profile Topography
Topographic Map Features 1. Contour lines connect similar elevations. – Can never cross or cut through another contour line. • Just like Isotherm, temperature, and Isobar, pressure, maps.
Drawing Contour Lines • Use the diagram below to create a topographic map with contour lines in 10 m intervals. (80 m, 90 m, 100 m, 110 m and 120 m)
Drawing Contour Lines • Use the diagram below to create a topographic map with contour lines in 50 m intervals. (400 m, 450 m and 500 m)
Topographic Map Features 2. Gradient (slope) is the difference in elevation (rise) divided by the distance between two points (run): Gradient = rise / run = 145 -125/5 = 20/5 = 4 m/Km
Topographic Profile • A profile takes the eagle-eye view of an area and translates it into cross-section view. – Identify two points on opposite sides of the map that you would like to profile. – Mark each contour interval that intersects the line, identify the elevation. – Plot the distance that each contour line is separated by onto the graph and the elevation that each line was found at. – Connect points to draw the profile.
Constructing A Profile • Complete the Topographic Profile below: B A • • •
Topographic Map Symbols • Symbols are often used to identify features on a topographic map:
Topography 1. Contour lines determine topography: – Depression – • has hachures - Hill – * no hachures
Reading Topographic Maps 1. What is the contour interval of this map? Cr ee ho r te r What does the symbol at C indicate? c. W A 2. k 20 m 3. What does the symbol at B indicate? 5. 6. 900 Swamp 4. 880 M Depression What is the elevation at A? C B 900 Below 840 m What is the elevation at C? 880 and lower Which creek has the: a. Steepest slope, how do you know? b. Mazzola – lines close together Most gradual slope? Kesler – lines farthest apart ek a M zz ola e Cr D Ke sle r. C re ek E
- Slides: 29