Mans Place in the Universe This presentation is
- Slides: 20
Man’s Place in the Universe This presentation is based on ideas developed by Arthur O. Lovejoy in his The Great Chain of Being and by Erich Auerbach in his Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature Errors are my own.
I. The Two Primary Roots of Western Culture: The Jews and the Greeks
The Jews Monotheism Ø Focus on the spiritual Ø An eclipse of the sun Ø
The Greeks Polytheism Ø Focus on the material (geometry) Ø An eclipse of the sun Ø
The Greek Universe
Aristotle (384 -322 B. C)
II. Christianity Christ is born; Christ dies. Ø “Go and convert all nations. ” Ø
The Conversion of Rome
Christianity’s Adoption of the Ptolemaic Universe Complex story Ø I like to imagine. Ø But it did happen – the Ptolemaic universe became a primary philosophical and theological base of Christian belief. Ø
III. Results of Adoption: Ø The Great Chain of Being Ø God Ø Angels Ø Man Ø Animals Ø Rocks Ø “A place for everything, and everything in its place”
“A place for everything, and everything in its place” Astronomy Ø Biology Ø Metals Ø Music Ø Astrology Ø
Kings, Popes, and Common Folks Ø This is Shakespeare’s universe.
IV. The Beginning of the End of the Ptolemaic Universe Astronomical observations Ø Lenses (glasses) developed in the 13 th century Ø Trepidations of the Spheres Ø
Nicolas Copernicus Ø On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbits (1543) Ø Died unknown The sun is the center of the solar system.
Martin Luther Ø In 1517 he posted 95 Theses on the door of the Wittenburg Cathedral Ø The beginning of the Protestant Reformation
Galileo Galilei 1564 -1642 Ø 1609 – his telescope Ø Confirms Copernican view of the universe Ø Loud-mouthed Italian Ø Excommunicated Ø
Efforts to Save the Ptolemaic System Epicycles and Eccentrics
Persistence of the System Johann Sebastian Bach (1685 -1750) Ø The Well-Tempered Clavier (c. 1717) Ø “Diabolus in Musica” Ø
V. Results of the Breakup Man is no longer at the physical center of God’s universe. (He’s on the third rock from the sun. ) Ø Western Christianity has broken into denominations. Ø Man’s sense of identity is now an open question. Ø Absolute truth is called into question. Ø Catholic Church has moved back toward its Jewish root. It no longer takes absolute Ø
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