MANET NEMO Converged Communication Kouji Okada okadasfc wide

MANET + NEMO Converged Communication Kouji Okada (okada@sfc. wide. ad. jp) Ryuji Wakikawa (ryuji@sfc. wide. ad. jp) Jun Murai (jun@sfc. wide. ad. jp)

Researches towards Unwired in WIDE l Mobile IPv 6/NEMO Implementations l l l l l Inter-Home Agents Protocol (HAHA) Virtual Mobility Control Domain (VMCD) Optimizing Route Cache Protocol (ORC) Optimizing NEMO for nested mobility (ONEMO) Inter-Home Agents Protocol (HAHA) Multiple Mobile Router managements IP End Multihoming l l l IPv 4 Care-of Address Registration l l Multiple Care-of Address Registration Policy based Routing Policy Exchange between MR - HA/CN l Seamless/Fast Handover l l Fast MIP (implementation on SHISA) LIES (Inter Layer Control Information Exchange) l IP Addressing arrangement OLSR IPv 6 implementation OLSRv 2 protocols (a member of Design Team) MANEMO l l Internet Gateway Support MANET protocols for IPv 6 l Mobility Protocol Redundancy l l l Route Optimization for NEMO l Internet Connectivity l IPv 4 Traversal for MIP 6/NEMO l l USAGI for Linux SHISA(KAME) for BSD TAHI for conformance testing tools l Integration of MANET and NEMO Policy Based Routing for efficient integration of NEMO and MANET Network Emulator for MANET experimentation and more

MANET + ?

Mobile Network (NEMO) l l Network in vehicles for navigation, sensors, laptop, PDA, anything installed in vehicles The NEMO Basic Support protocol is the Internet technology to provide Seamless Connectivity and Permanent Identification for moving network l l Mobile Router (MR): connects vehicle to the Internet Home Agent (HA): assists vehicle’s movement Internet navigation HA sensor ＭＲ laptop PDA MR MR MR

Assumed Technologies l Network Mobility (NEMO) l l A technology to provide movement transparency to a network. NEMO assigns a permanent prefix for in-vehicle network. NEMO is a Mobile IPv 6 extension to bind the permanent prefix and a care-of address. NEMO is applied to a network in moving vehicles. Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) l A technology to build a network dynamically when a set of nodes form a mesh routing state for connectivity management. There are several routing protocols such as AODV, DSR, OLSR, TBRPF. MANET is applied to establish wireless multi-hop networks among vehicles for vehicle-vehicle communication and vehicle-road communication.

Nested Mobility: Unoptimized Route l Bypassing bi-directional tunnel by utilizing manet routes Home Agents Access router(s) root-MR 1 root-MR 2 sub-MR 1 sub-MR 3 sub-MR 2 sub-MR 4 VMN 1 VMN 2

Nested Mobility: Loop and Disconnect l l If root-MR lost connectivity, sub-MRs cannot access to the Internet If root-MR connects to sub-MRn, the loop topology is occurred Access router(s) root-MR 1 root-MR 2 sub-MR 1 sub-MR 3 sub-MR 2 sub-MR 4 VMN 1 VMN 2

Wireless Fixed Infrastructures in City

Wireless Infrastructures in Town Wireless Spot Vehicle Network PAN …

Required Features Local Network Topology Discovery l Intelligent Connectivity Manipulation l MANET? ?

Mobile Gateway l Mobile Gateway (MG) l l l Supporting NEMO Basic Supporting Internet Gateway Overlay manet network in order to connect mobile networks directly l l l Mobile Network is treated as a MANET cluster Each Cluster is connected by Mobile Gateway Not necessary to run MANET by nodes inside each cluster Internet MG Internet Connectivity MG Overlay MANET MG MG Mobile Network

Mobile Gateway Configuration Mobile Network Prefix Delegation HA Mobile Network Prefix Binding Registration 3 G Wi. MAX Wi. FI Wireless IF (adhoc) MG Mobile Network Prefix Advertisement Mobile Network Prefix Route Exchange MG Mobile Network

Possible Routes HA Internet HA MG MG Direct Route MG Route through HA MG Devious Route

Advantages of Mobile Gateway l Address Assignment l l Efficient Communication l l Even if network environment is changed, a mobile gateway can always select an active path for communications. Always-on Internet Connectivity l l A mobile gateway can switch a path depending on the vehicle’s network environment and user’s preference Fault Tolerance l l Each vehicle can have a permanent prefix for an in-vehicle network. The permanent prefix can be used for MANET routing A mobile gateway is capable to handle multiple interfaces such as WAN, MAN and LAN. Even if a wireless interface becomes out of coverage, a mobile gateway has alternative path to the Internet. (Even possible through an Internet Gateway) Scalability l A mobile gateway exchanges network routes of each vehicle by MANET routing protocol. It can decrease a number of routes maintained by a manet routing protocol in terms of route aggregation.

SEGWAYNET

SEGWAYNET l Segwaynet is a plothome / testbed of the future Internet. It also represents possibility of two wheeled electric power ride. l l Networked human transporter is future of vehicles Segwaynet support several technologies: l l l Ad-hoc Network Push To Talk Application Message Floodings

What is Segway Testbed of Ad-hoc Network Routing Protocol Operation Routing Protocol Optimization Network Mobility Application Testbed

Hardware Configurations Small PC for Applications SONY VAIO PCG-U 1 SONY VAIO VGN-U 50 SONY VAIO VGN-UX 90 Segway Camera Panasonic Network Camera BB-HCM 371 IP A ll ATMark Techno Tiny CPU board Armadillo-9 (PC 104, ARM 920 T) Linux 2. 6 + GNU Zebra OLSR v 6 Mobile Gateway

Internet Connectivity l Internet Connectivity Address Assignment IPv 6 transition l Ref. l l l draft-wakikawa-manetglobalv 6 -04. txt draft-wakikawa-manet-ipv 6 support-01. txt draft-perkins-manetautoconf-01. txt Internet IG

Network Configuration Internet Gateway Mobile Gateway Internet Mobile Gateway 100 Mbps Ethernet Camera Small PC

Mesh IP Network covering Town l Ad-hoc Network l l Segway & devices and sensors are connected by wireless Applications l l Traffic Information Store Information Voice Information User Information computers/sensors Internet Gateway Internet

Data Dissemination l Flood 6 module l l Application Layered Flooding Scheme for Location Specific Data Distribution (Flooding) Creation of flooding overlay network l l l An application can request flood 6 module to join or leave a flooding network SMF Flooding algorigthm support Push To Talk (PTT) l l walkie-talkie application on MANET Implementation Info. l l JAVA IPv 4 and IPv 6 support Sampling Rate (8 KHz) monaural sound

PUSH TO TALK (PTT) Internet Voice Data IPv 6 Node Internet Gateway flood 6 PTT Join Request Mobile Ad-hoc Network Mobile Gateway flood 6 PTT camera Mobile Gateway flood 6 camera PTT

Data Locally Distribution Bar’s Menu Tobacc o Tobacco sale New bento’s menu New VAIO Debut Coffee Toy! Coffee Ice cream special Auto-navigation to Starbucks Special Live Info! New Value’s Menu

SHISA: MIP 6 and NEMO implementation l RFC 3775 (Mobility Support for IPv 6) l l RFC 3963 l l MIP 6 working group draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa-03. txt l l NEMO working group draft-ietf-mip 6 -mipext-advapi-03. txt l l MIP 6 Working group MIP 6 working group will be ready soon l l draft-wakikawa-nemo-ipv 4 tunnel-01. txt draft-wakikawa-mip 6 -nemo-haha-02. txt l MIP 6/NEMO working group

OLSRv 1 Implementation l l Only IPv 6 Support An OLSR module for GNU Zebra Running on Free. BSD/Net. BSD/Linux/Armlinux/MAC OS X Supporting RFC 3626

References l Full compliant implementation of NEMO Basic Support Protocol and extension of multiple care-of address registration l SHISA for BSD l l http: //www. linux-ipv 6. org http: //www. tahi. org/ URL l http: //www. wakikawa. org IETF Activity l l l Conformance Testing Tools TAHI (v 6 logo) l l IETF Documentations USAGI for � Linux l l http: //www. mobileip. jp http: //www. kame. net l Design Team (DT) of OLSRv 2 @ MANET WG DT of mip 6 trans @ MIP 6/NEMO WG l l RFC 3963 draft-wakikawa-mip 6 -nemo-mcoa 04. txt draft-wakikawa-mip 6 -nemo-hahaspec-00. txt draft-montavont-mobileipmultihoming-pb-statement-04. txt draft-multihoming-generic-goalsand-benefits-01. txt draft-clausen-manet-olsrv 2 -00. txt draft-wakikawa-manet-globalv 604. txt draft-wakikawa-nemo-orc-01. txt

Aintec 2006 - MANET and NEMO Converged Environment Ryuji Wakikawa Kouji Okada Jun Murai

Overview l Multi-home Communication Environment l l l Multiple Network Interfaces l Wifi, Wi. MAX, 3 G Multiple Network Models l Infrastructure Network, Ad-hoc Network We developed the system to utilize multiple network models

Multi-home Environment Internet Ad-hoc Network Mobile Network

Communication Media/Network Model l Communication Media l Narrow-Area Communication Media l l Wide-Area Communication Media l l Narrow transmission range, Broad band, Low latency, Low cost, Unstable Wide transmission range, Narrow band, High latency, High cost, Stable Network Model l Infrastructure Network Model l Path quality changes at the network interface switch Effective for Wide-Area Communication Multi-hop Network Model l l Dynamic path quality changes as nodes move Effective for Local-Area Communication

Elemental Technologies l Network Mobility (NEMO) l l l Mobile Network Multiple network interface consideration Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) l Multi-hop ad-hoc communication

Requirements l Route management l l l Manage routing information from MANET and the Internet Multiple routing protocols support on MANETs Policy-based Routing l l Utilize multiple paths according to the requirement from each application Determine the outgoing network based on the path evaluation l Dynamic Policy Routing

Multiple Routing Protocol Environment Internet Gateway Reactive Routing Re-distribution to the Internet Proactive Routing

GNU Zebra l URL l l Supported Platform l l Linux, Net. BSD, Free. BSD, Mac. OSX Supported Routing Protocols l l http: //www. zebra. org/ BGP 4, RIPv 1, RIPv 2, OSPFv 3 Features l l l Route Re-Distribution The Interface to the Routing Table in the Kernel Routing Protocol Development Kit l Thread, CLI, data structure management

Wi. Fi Relationship between distance and throughput Distances of the wireless links make the link quality changes Node A http: //buffalo. melcoinc. co. jp/products/new/2002/064_2. html Low Node B High RSSI from Node A Node C http: //www. keyman. or. jp/search/a_30000062_2. html

Path Quality Changes with Topology Changes Node A <-> Node C Node A <-> Node B <-> Node C weak path strong path Node B strong link Node A weak link Node C

Path Quality Evaluation Multi-hop Path Quality Evaluation Internet Link Quality Evaluation On Network Interfaces

Path Evaluation l Path quality evaluation based on extended routing messages. l Proactive routing protocols l l l Link evaluation with Hello messages Advertise the link quality to MANET with link state advertisement messages Re-active routing protocols l l Extend the route reply messages to evaluate each links of the path Need to define new messages to keep evaluating the link quality

Link Quality criteria l Band width l l l Latency l l Link distance Link node count RTT Stability l Hop count

Which MANET Routing Protocol ? l OLSR(Optimized Link State Routing Protocol) l Proactive routing protocol Network route advertisement suport l Node weighting function l IPv 6 support l l In the real situation, multiple MANET routing protocols will be utlized for the mobile computing

System Architecture OSPF, RIP Routing information from the Internet OLSR Bandwidth Measurement Routing information in the MANET Path quality information Routing Manager Routing information Policy Manager Policy based routing configuration Routing Table Policy Routing Table

OLSR modification l IPv 6 support l Message Broadcast Address l l New HNA message format l l All-node multicast address Enable to carry the prefix length Path evaluation l Extended Hello message format l l Node advertise its GPS information with the extended Hello messages Extended TC message format l Node advertise the distances to each neighbor New hello header format New TC message format

Policy Management Server l Bandwidth Evaluation based on information from OLSR daemon Measure RTT value for each destination l Dynamic Policy based routing rule configuration l

Implementation l OLSR Implementation l l l Free. BSD, Net. BSD, Linux Zebra-0. 95 -pre 2 Policy Management Server l l Netbsd-1. 6. 2 -Release IPFilter

Evaluation l Validate the path switch function on automobile networks l l Bandwidth Priority Application Wireless Devices for MANET has 3000 M transmission range Inernet Communication via emulated CDMA 1 X EVDO link Emulate the automobile drive environment with HAKONIWA l Automobile environment simulation application § § l Simulators § § § l Simulation with several tens of thousands of automobiles Each automobile manage its own drive information Traffic flow simulator Automobile sensor simulator Weather simulator We utilize the GPS sensor information

Evaluation Environment Default gateway Internet Hakoniwa server Infrastructure Network (Fixed Bandwidth) 2001: 6: : 2 2001: 7: : 2 carid: 3 2001: 3: : 1 carid: 4 2001: 4: : 1 Dummynet Bridge Ad-Hoc Network (Variable Bandwidth)

Evaluation - Without Policy Based Routing -

Evaluation - With Policy Based Routing -

Conclusion l Multi-path selection architecture between NEMO and MANET l l l path quality evaluation using routing protocol messaging Dynamic policy-based routing architecture Evaluation environment with the HAKONIWA automobile environment emulator l Enable to test the implementations before large scale field trials