MANET Introduction Reference Mobile Ad hoc Networking MANET
MANET: Introduction Reference: “Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations”; S. Corson and J. Macker, RFC 2501, 1999. (rfc 2501. htm)
Introduction • Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET) – To support robust and efficient operation in mobile wireless networks by incorporating routing functionality into mobile nodes – Such networks are envisioned to have dynamic, sometimes rapidly-changing, random, multihop topologies which are likely composed of relatively bandwidth-constrained wireless links – Goal: to extend mobility into the realm of autonomous, mobile, wireless domains, where a set of nodes– which may be combined routers and hosts– themselves form the network routing infrastructure in an ad hoc fashion 2
Applications • Industrial and commercial applications involving cooperative mobile data exchange • “Wearable” computing and communications • Combined with satellite-based information delivery – Provide an extremely flexible method for establishing communications for fire/safety/rescue operations or other scenarios requiring rapidlydeployable communications with survivable, efficient dynamic networking 3
Characteristics • MANET – Autonomous system of mobile node – Nodes are equipped with wireless transmitters and receivers using antennas (omni-directional or highly directional, etc) • Characteristics – Dynamic topologies – Bandwidth-constrained variable capacity links – Energy-constrained operations – Limited physical security – The need for scalability 4
Routing Issues • Qualitative properties of routing protocols – Distributed operation – Loop-freedom – Demand-based operation – Proactive operation – Security – “Sleep” period operation – Unidirectional link support 5
Routing Issues (cont) • Quantitative metrics – End-to-end data throughput and delay – Route Acquisition Time – Percentage out-of-order delivery – Efficiency Ø Average number of data bits transmitted/data bit delivered Ø Average number of control and data packets transmitted/data packet delivered 6
Routing Issues (cont) • Networking context – Network size (number of nodes) – Network connectivity (average number of neighbors of a node) – Topological rate of change – Link capacity – Fraction of unidirectional links – Traffic patterns – Mobility patterns – Fraction and frequency of sleeping node 7
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