Managing Organizational change and innovation Planned Change The

Managing Organizational change and innovation

Planned Change • The systematic attempt to redesign an organization in a way that will help it adapt to changes in the external environment or to achieved new goals.

A model of the change process • • Force-field analysis Forces for change New Technology Better Raw Materials Competitions from others groups Supervisor Pressure

Contd… • • Forces for Maintaining status quo Group Performance Norms Fear of change Member Complacency/satisfaction Well Learned Skills

Sources of Resistance • Organisational culture • Individual self interest • Individual Perceptions of organisational goals and strategies

Process of change • Unfreezing • Changing • Refreezing

Contd… Unfreezing involves making the need for change so obvious that the individual, group or organization can readily see and accept that change must occur Changing Involves discovering and adopting new attitudes, values, and behaviors

Contd… Change agent A trained change agent leads individuals, group or the entire organization through the process. Refreezing Transforming a new behavior pattern into the norm through reinforcement and support mechanism

Types of Planned change • Approaches to structural change • Approach to Techno structural • Approach to changing people

Approaches to structural change • Organizational Redesign • Decentralization • Modification of work flow

Approach to Techno structural Redesign of structure and work operations

Approach to changing people Changes in skills, Attitudes, Expectations, Perceptions

Organisational Development A long range effort supported by top management to increase an organization’s problem-solving and renewal processes through effective management of organizational culture

Contd… Problem solving is a process refers to the organization’s methods of dealing with the threats and opportunities in its environments, Renewal process Refers to the way managers adapt their problem solving processes to the environment

Contd… Collaborative management Management through power sharing and subordinate participation; the opposite of hierarchical imposition of authority Action research The method through which organizationaldevelopment change agents learn what improvements are needed and how the organization can be best be aided in making those improvements

Types of OD Activities • OD for the individual • OD for Two or Three people • OD for Teams or Groups

OD for the individual Sensitivity Training An early personal growth technique, at one time fairly widespread in organizational development efforts, that emphasizes increased sensitivity in interpersonal relationship

OD for Two or Three people Transaction analysis An approach to improving interpersonal effectiveness, sometimes used in organizational development efforts, that concentrates on the styles and content of communication

OD for Teams or Groups Process consultation A techniques by which consultants help organizations members understand change the ways they work together Team Building A methods of improving organisational effectiveness at the team level by diagnosing barriers to team performance and improving interteam relationships and task accomplishments.

Organizational creativity and innovation

Individual / Organisational creativity and innovation • Generations of ideas • Development of ideas • Implementation of ideas

Some prescription for fostering organizational creativity • • • Develop an acceptance of change Encourage new ideas Permit more interaction Tolerate failure Provide clear objectives Offer recognition