MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY BPT 3113 I TEC NTROD

MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY BPT 3113 I TEC NTROD HNO U LOG CTION Y MA TO NAG EME NT

Chapter Outline • • Definition of Technology Components Salient Features of Technology Classification of Technology Concept of Technology Management Nature of Technology Management Drivers of MOT Responding to Technology Challenge

Lesson Outcome • Define technology and understand different technology types • Explain the concept and significance of technology management • Understand the challenges of technology changes and the way organization can respond to it

Introduction Organization Sustainable competitive advantage and long-term profitability Management of Technology Academic Institutions A new discipline

Definition TECHNE The skills or craft needed to make something LOGES Discussion or knowledge of something The knowledge of how something is made TECHNOLOGY “the knowledge, products, processes, tools, methods and systems employed in the creation of goods or in providing services” [ Tarek Khalil (2000) ]

Components Hardware • Any physical product Software • The knowledge of how to use the hardware in order to carry out the required tasks Brainware • The reasons for using the technology in a particular way

Salient Features Change Widespread Effects Self-reinforcing Complex Amoral

Classification of Technology New Tacit Emerging Technology Codified High Low Medium

New Technology New Tacit Emerging Technology Codified High Low Any newly introduced or implemented technology that has an explicit impact on the way a company produces products or provides services Medium Example : New computer software introduced to develop engineering drawing and thus replace manual drafting Classified as a new whenever introduced for the first time in a new situation Has a profound effect on improving productivity and maintaining a competitive business enterprise

Emerging Tech. Any technology that is not yet fully commercialized but will become so within a few years It may be currently in limited use but is expected to evolve significantly Create new industries and may make existing ones obsolete Have the potential of triggering large changes in institutions and in society itself New Tacit Emerging Technology Codified High Low Medium

High New Tacit Emerging Refers to advanced or sophisticated technologies Technology Codified High Wide set of technologies that Low Medium fall between high and low technologies Technologies that have permeated large segments of human society Low

Tacit Tech. Non articulated knowledge – no uniformity in the way it is presented or expressed to a large group of people Based on experiences where the technology developers are the ones who have the know-how in question New Tacit Emerging Technology Codified High Low Medium Transmitted by demonstration or observation, followed by assimilation by those who seek the knowledge Occurs by close contact and interaction between the source and the host Transferring process is harder, less precise and more time-consuming

Technology can be preserved & effectively transferred among users if it is expressed in a coded form New Tacit Emerging Technology Allow people to know how technology works but not necessarily why it works in a certain way Codified Tech. Example : Engineering drawing – expressing shape, dimension and tolerances about a product Codified High Low Medium

Concept of MOT Management of Technology “An interdisciplinary field concerned with the planning, development and implementation of technological capabilities to shape and accomplish the operational and strategic objectives of an organization” [National Research Council Report (1987)]

Nature of MOT ü It is a Process Planning Development Implementation / Commercialization ü It is Goal Oriented Satisfying human needs Improving the competitive advantage and profitability of enterprise ü It is an Interdisciplinary Mix ü It is a System ü It Involves Risk ü It is Socially Beneficial ü It is Evolutionary

Drivers of MOT Change in Technology Change in Scope Change in Competition Change in Asset Valuation Change in Focus for National Competitiveness Change in Emphasis on Knowledge Management

Responding to Technology Challenge Shared Values Strategy Skills Structure Staff Systems Style

Summary • Technology consists of 3 interdependent components. • Technology can be classified as new, emerging, high, medium, low, tacit and codified. • Technology management is a process, goal oriented system and interdisciplinary mix. It is evolutionary in nature. • Technology management is an engine of economic growth and improves quality of life of people in society. 18