Mammals Unit Map Set up Unit Name Mammals

  • Slides: 112
Download presentation
Mammals

Mammals

Unit Map Set up • Unit Name: Mammals • Unit Essential Question: What are

Unit Map Set up • Unit Name: Mammals • Unit Essential Question: What are the different types of mammals? • Concepts: (Fill in after we take our test) • Daily Essential Questions: (Fill in as we go through the unit) • Vocabulary: (Fill in before we take our test

Today’s Agenda • • • Warm-up Dog Basic care Activity Types of Dogs Review

Today’s Agenda • • • Warm-up Dog Basic care Activity Types of Dogs Review

Warm-up • What does this picture mean to you? Please write at least 2

Warm-up • What does this picture mean to you? Please write at least 2 -3 sentences.

Essential Question • What are the basic requirements for taking care of a dog?

Essential Question • What are the basic requirements for taking care of a dog?

Dogs • History – Evolved from wolves – Selective breeding • animals with the

Dogs • History – Evolved from wolves – Selective breeding • animals with the best traits kept for breeding • Ex: size, color, swimming ability, etc. – Various breeds now

Dogs • Feeding depends on age – 8 -12 weeks old 4 meals a

Dogs • Feeding depends on age – 8 -12 weeks old 4 meals a day – 3 -6 months 3 meals a day – 6 mo. -1 yr 2 meals a day – 1 yr 1 meal a day – *For larger canines 2 smaller meals a day

Dogs • Exercise – Regular exercise needed in order to avoid destructive behavior.

Dogs • Exercise – Regular exercise needed in order to avoid destructive behavior.

Dogs • Grooming – Frequent grooming – Bathed a few times a year

Dogs • Grooming – Frequent grooming – Bathed a few times a year

Dogs • Handling – To carry a small dog, place one hand under dog’s

Dogs • Handling – To carry a small dog, place one hand under dog’s chest, with either your forearm or other hand supporting the hind legs and rump.

Dogs • Housing – Winter- warm, dry, covered shelter • EX: dog crate or

Dogs • Housing – Winter- warm, dry, covered shelter • EX: dog crate or dog bed – Summer- cool water and shade

Activity • You have 20 minutes! • Read through the information on the groups

Activity • You have 20 minutes! • Read through the information on the groups of dogs. • Complete the graphic organizer with the information. • Examples will be talked about in class to fill in the last box of each.

Dog Types • Sporting- active and alert. Likeable, well rounded companions. Participate in hunting

Dog Types • Sporting- active and alert. Likeable, well rounded companions. Participate in hunting and other field activities. Need regular exercise • Ex: Golden Retriever

Dog Types • Hound- used for hunting. Acute scenting powers to follow a trail.

Dog Types • Hound- used for hunting. Acute scenting powers to follow a trail. Some have unique baying sound. • Ex: Beagle, Basset Hound

Dog Types • Working- bred to perform jobs such as guarding, pulling sleds, water

Dog Types • Working- bred to perform jobs such as guarding, pulling sleds, water rescue. Intelligent, quick to learn, strong. MUST be properly trained. • Ex: Siberian Husky

Dog Types • Terrier- feisty, energetic dogs, little tolerance for other animals. Ancestors bred

Dog Types • Terrier- feisty, energetic dogs, little tolerance for other animals. Ancestors bred to kill vermin. • Stripping- special grooming • Ex: Border Terrier

Dog Types • Toy- tiny, but tough. More popular in city and people with

Dog Types • Toy- tiny, but tough. More popular in city and people with less space. • Ex: Chihuahua, Pug

Dog Types • Non-sporting- varied collection • Ex: Poodle, Bull Dog

Dog Types • Non-sporting- varied collection • Ex: Poodle, Bull Dog

Dog Types • Herding- Ability to control movement of other animals. • Ex: Collie

Dog Types • Herding- Ability to control movement of other animals. • Ex: Collie

Dog Types • MISC- Breeds waiting to be accepted by the AKC Board of

Dog Types • MISC- Breeds waiting to be accepted by the AKC Board of Directors. • Ex: Russell Terrier

Anatomy • We will use a diagram to discuss the parts of a dog.

Anatomy • We will use a diagram to discuss the parts of a dog.

Pet Care • Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information

Pet Care • Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information for Dogs.

Review • Word Wall/Concept Map • Exit Question: Name the (8) types of dogs

Review • Word Wall/Concept Map • Exit Question: Name the (8) types of dogs and an example for each. • Next Class: Cats

Mammals

Mammals

Today’s Agenda • • • Warm- Up Essential Question Basic Care of Cats Breeds

Today’s Agenda • • • Warm- Up Essential Question Basic Care of Cats Breeds of Cats Activity Review

Warm- up • What is this? What does it represent?

Warm- up • What is this? What does it represent?

Essential Question • How do you take care of a cat?

Essential Question • How do you take care of a cat?

Cats • History – Domesticated after settled agriculture in Egypt – Purpose- controlling vermin

Cats • History – Domesticated after settled agriculture in Egypt – Purpose- controlling vermin – Priests used them as deification – Middle ages- associated with satan, witches and warlocks

Basic care of cats • Grooming – Most stay clean – Brush or comb

Basic care of cats • Grooming – Most stay clean – Brush or comb regularly • Feeding – 6 -12 weeks- 4 meals a day – 3 -6 months- 3 meals a day – Adult cat- 1 large meal or 2 or 3 meals a day

Basic care of cats • Housing – Clean, dry place to sleep and rest

Basic care of cats • Housing – Clean, dry place to sleep and rest – Try to keep indoors, outdoor cats contract diseases, get ticks, parasites, etc. • Handling – One hand behind front legs and another under hind quarters. Lift gently.

Basic care of cats • Litter Box – All indoor cats need one –

Basic care of cats • Litter Box – All indoor cats need one – 1 box per floor – Scoop solid wastes once a day – Once a week- dump everything, wash with a mild detergent, and refill

Activity • Students will use the charts to come up with information on their

Activity • Students will use the charts to come up with information on their assigned cat. They are to include: History and Origin, head characteristics, body, tail, how many colors (not what colors), coat, care, tempermant, and the environment.

Breeds of Cats • 41 breeds, only top 10 covered in class • American

Breeds of Cats • 41 breeds, only top 10 covered in class • American shorthair- “alley cat”, robust health, large eyes, and short, broad face. “family cat” affectionate

Breeds of cats • Oriental- intelligent and curious. Crave human affection. Lots of energy.

Breeds of cats • Oriental- intelligent and curious. Crave human affection. Lots of energy.

Breeds of cats • Birman- very sweet and even-tempered. Seek out human companionship. Follow

Breeds of cats • Birman- very sweet and even-tempered. Seek out human companionship. Follow you, greet you. Striking blue eyes.

Breeds of cats • Ragdoll- docile and will not fight. Affectionate, easy going cat

Breeds of cats • Ragdoll- docile and will not fight. Affectionate, easy going cat

Breeds of cats • Abyssinian- very people oriented. Always wants to be by you.

Breeds of cats • Abyssinian- very people oriented. Always wants to be by you. Loyal.

Breeds of cats • Siamese- quick witted, excellent jumper and climber. Unusual voice sounds

Breeds of cats • Siamese- quick witted, excellent jumper and climber. Unusual voice sounds like he’s talking to you. Least friendliest.

Breeds of cats • Exotic- friendly. Same as Persian but easier to groom because

Breeds of cats • Exotic- friendly. Same as Persian but easier to groom because of shorter hair.

Breeds of cats • Maine Coon- long, thick coat. Temperament of shorthair. Active and

Breeds of cats • Maine Coon- long, thick coat. Temperament of shorthair. Active and excellent rat catchers. Mistaken as racoon.

Breeds of cats • Persian- variety of colors. Thick , luxurious coat, large eyes,

Breeds of cats • Persian- variety of colors. Thick , luxurious coat, large eyes, short but sturdy-legged body. Quiet and relaxed. Wary around children. Most affectionate.

 • Based on the information given today, place the breeds of cats in

• Based on the information given today, place the breeds of cats in order from 110 (1 being most popular, 10 being least popular)

Anatomy • We will use a diagram to discuss the parts of a cat.

Anatomy • We will use a diagram to discuss the parts of a cat.

Pet Care • Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information

Pet Care • Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information for Cats.

Review • Word Wall/Concept Map • Exit Question: What picture does not belong and

Review • Word Wall/Concept Map • Exit Question: What picture does not belong and why? • Next Class: Hamsters, Guinea Pigs

Mammals

Mammals

Today’s Agenda • • • Warm-up Essential Question Hamsters Guinea Pigs Review

Today’s Agenda • • • Warm-up Essential Question Hamsters Guinea Pigs Review

Warm- Up • Tell me what you know about hamsters and guinea pigs.

Warm- Up • Tell me what you know about hamsters and guinea pigs.

Essential Question • How are hamsters and guinea pigs similar to each other?

Essential Question • How are hamsters and guinea pigs similar to each other?

Hamster History • Golden Hamster- most often found in pet stores. • Native to

Hamster History • Golden Hamster- most often found in pet stores. • Native to Syria dessert • Discovered in 1930 in Jerusalem

Hamster Characteristics • • • Nocturnal Cheek pouches to carry food (hoarders) Protective of

Hamster Characteristics • • • Nocturnal Cheek pouches to carry food (hoarders) Protective of their territory (may bite) Females usually dominate males Solitary animals Life span of 1 -3 years

Hamster Temperature • Prefer temperature of 70* • Above 80*- estivation (deep sleep) •

Hamster Temperature • Prefer temperature of 70* • Above 80*- estivation (deep sleep) • Below 50*- hibernation

Hamster cages • Cages 10 X 16 X 10 • Gnaw-proof • Water bottle

Hamster cages • Cages 10 X 16 X 10 • Gnaw-proof • Water bottle hung on the outside of the cage • Clean, fresh bedding (paper confetti, paper strips, wood chips, wood shavings, etc. )

Hamster feeding • Commercially prepared pellets • Occasionally carrots, potato pieces, fresh clover or

Hamster feeding • Commercially prepared pellets • Occasionally carrots, potato pieces, fresh clover or alfalfa to supplement diet • Seeds such as – Corn, millet, wheat, oats, sorghum, and rape seeds

Hamster handling

Hamster handling

Hamster diseases and ailments • Wet Tail- wetness around the tail and rear area,

Hamster diseases and ailments • Wet Tail- wetness around the tail and rear area, caused by runny diarrhea. Go off their feed, have rough hair coats, become weak. Usually die within 1 -2 days. When this occurs, disinfect everything and replace bedding.

Hamster diseases and ailments • Tyzzer’s Disease- caused by clostridium piliformis. Loss of appetite,

Hamster diseases and ailments • Tyzzer’s Disease- caused by clostridium piliformis. Loss of appetite, dehydration, watery diarrhea, and sudden death. • Common diarrhea- overabundance of leafy greens, vegetables or fruit • Fleas and lice- clean cage regularly and flea powder sprinkled in fresh bedding.

Hamster Reproduction • • • Separate litter at 5 -6 weeks Sexually mature at

Hamster Reproduction • • • Separate litter at 5 -6 weeks Sexually mature at 6 weeks Females in heat every 4 weeks Produce litter in 16 days 2 -16 young, 6 -8 is average

Guinea Pigs

Guinea Pigs

Guinea Pigs History • Bred for meat production in South America for the last

Guinea Pigs History • Bred for meat production in South America for the last 3, 000 years • Still used for food in Ecudor, Peru, and Bolivia • Since 1800 used for research on pathology, nutrition, genetics, toxicology, and development of serums

Guinea Pigs History • Means “little pig” although it is not from Guinea or

Guinea Pigs History • Means “little pig” although it is not from Guinea or a pig. Makes similar grunts. • Makes ideal pets

Guinea Pig Varieties • Abyssinian- rough, wiry coat. All colors. Hair made of rosettes

Guinea Pig Varieties • Abyssinian- rough, wiry coat. All colors. Hair made of rosettes

Guinea Pig Varieties • The American- most common. Short, glossy hair and fine in

Guinea Pig Varieties • The American- most common. Short, glossy hair and fine in texture. Variety of colors and combinations.

Guinea Pig Varieties • • • Peruvian- very long hair (up to 20 in.

Guinea Pig Varieties • • • Peruvian- very long hair (up to 20 in. ) Satin- satin like fur Silkie- long hair Teddy- short, kinky hair White Crested- short hair, but crest is rosette

Characteristics of Guinea Pigs • • Adults reach 8 -10 inches Weigh 1 -2

Characteristics of Guinea Pigs • • Adults reach 8 -10 inches Weigh 1 -2 pounds Short, stocky build with short legs 4 toes on forefeet and 3 on hindfeet

Characteristics of Guinea Pigs • • Eyes on side of head Sensitive hearing Sense

Characteristics of Guinea Pigs • • Eyes on side of head Sensitive hearing Sense of smell highly developed Live in colonies or clans in wild – 1 dominant male and 5 -10 females

Guinea Pig Housing • Cages- plastic bottom 3 -4 in. deep with vertical wire

Guinea Pig Housing • Cages- plastic bottom 3 -4 in. deep with vertical wire bars • 12 X 24 in. • Food bowls made of heavy glass • Water bottle

Guinea Pig Feeding • • Vegetarians Guinea Pig pellets Supply vitamin C Romaine lettuce,

Guinea Pig Feeding • • Vegetarians Guinea Pig pellets Supply vitamin C Romaine lettuce, green leaf lettuce, kale, carrots, apples, pears, turnips, beets, and cucumbers • Clover and grass hay • Wheat, corn and oats

Care • • Brushed daily Mild shampoo Dried and kept warm after bath Toenails

Care • • Brushed daily Mild shampoo Dried and kept warm after bath Toenails clipped- stay away from pink or quick of nail

Handling • Grasped firmly around front shoulders with one hand the rear supported by

Handling • Grasped firmly around front shoulders with one hand the rear supported by the other hand. Cradle in palm and hold close to body.

Diseases and Ailments • Respiratory diseases- usually lethargic and listless, discharges from the nose

Diseases and Ailments • Respiratory diseases- usually lethargic and listless, discharges from the nose and sneeze. Treatment immediately or death may occur. • Swelling on neck- abscessed lymph nodes • Mites

Reproduction • • Heat cycle- 16 days Gestation- 56 -74 days Up to 5

Reproduction • • Heat cycle- 16 days Gestation- 56 -74 days Up to 5 litters a year, 2 -4 per litter Young fully developed- eat solid food within 24 hours, nurse for 3 weeks

Observations • Observe the hamsters and guinea pigs when we go into the lab.

Observations • Observe the hamsters and guinea pigs when we go into the lab. Write down the following information • What where they doing? • Behavior? • Noises made? • Smells? • Any other info necessary.

Pet Care • Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information

Pet Care • Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information for Hamsters. • Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information for Guinea Pigs.

Review • Word Wall/ Concept Map • Exit question: Have you ever owned a

Review • Word Wall/ Concept Map • Exit question: Have you ever owned a hamster or guinea pig? If so, what was the biggest problem? If not, would you ever own one? Why/Why not? • Next class: Other rodents

Mammals

Mammals

Today’s Agenda • • Warm-up Essential Question Rabbits Review

Today’s Agenda • • Warm-up Essential Question Rabbits Review

Warm-up • What foods can be fed to hamsters?

Warm-up • What foods can be fed to hamsters?

Essential Question • How do we take care of a rabbit?

Essential Question • How do we take care of a rabbit?

History • Order Lagomorpha • Fossil remains found 30 -37 million years ago •

History • Order Lagomorpha • Fossil remains found 30 -37 million years ago • Hunted for food, and used to make clothing • French monks domesticated rabbit • Introduced to the US at the beginning of the 20 th century

Uses • Meat – High in protein – Low in cholesterol – Low in

Uses • Meat – High in protein – Low in cholesterol – Low in fat – Low in sodium – Very palatable – White mean, easy to digest

Uses • Research – Study reproduction – Draize Eye Test (cosmetics and other products)

Uses • Research – Study reproduction – Draize Eye Test (cosmetics and other products) – Skin irritation tests • 554, 000 in 1987 – 240, 000 in 2006 • Why did this number decline?

Uses • Fur/Wool – Normal – Rex – soft, plush feel – Angora- softer,

Uses • Fur/Wool – Normal – Rex – soft, plush feel – Angora- softer, finer, warmer, lighter. No irritation or scratchiness – Satin- sheen, luster and slick appearance

Uses • Pets – clean, gently, lovable pets – Easily trained to use litter

Uses • Pets – clean, gently, lovable pets – Easily trained to use litter box – Small and dwarf sizes most popular

Breeds • Each student will be given a name of a breed. Using the

Breeds • Each student will be given a name of a breed. Using the handouts you will give a brief description of your rabbit breed. It is your responsibility to take note of the other breeds discussed in class. • 45 different breeds

Anatomy • Pg. 260

Anatomy • Pg. 260

Housing and Equipment • • Hutches- houses used to keep rabbits Wire cages for

Housing and Equipment • • Hutches- houses used to keep rabbits Wire cages for 6 -11 pounds 12 pounds + solid floor Temperature- can stand cold temp but not too hot (80+ is uncomfortable) – Place bottle of ice for rabbit to lie against to prevent heat stroke

Housing and Equipment • Humidity- 60%-need ventilation • Proper lighting • Absence of drafts

Housing and Equipment • Humidity- 60%-need ventilation • Proper lighting • Absence of drafts

Feeding • • Galvanized metal self-feeders Pellet type feeds Timothy hay better Supplemented foods

Feeding • • Galvanized metal self-feeders Pellet type feeds Timothy hay better Supplemented foods kept to a minimum – May cause diarrhea – Fruits, vegetables, and green foods

Feeding • Coprophagy- eating fecal material –Recover nutrients that were unabsorbed during the first

Feeding • Coprophagy- eating fecal material –Recover nutrients that were unabsorbed during the first pass • May give –Corn, oats, oatmeal, wheat germ, carrots, apple slices, green beans, banana, pineapple, or papaya

Handling • Walk slowly and speak to rabbit when approaching • Gently stroke animal

Handling • Walk slowly and speak to rabbit when approaching • Gently stroke animal from ear to ear • One hand under the chest and belly and other hand behind the rabbit • Remove tail first

Diseases and Ailments • Enteritis- inflammation of the intestinal tract and most common cause

Diseases and Ailments • Enteritis- inflammation of the intestinal tract and most common cause of death in rabbits • Snuffles- persistent sneezing with white discharge caused by bacteria and stress conditions • Mastitis- inflammation of the mammary tissue. Becomes swollen, hot and dark red or blue.

Diseases and Ailments • Weepy eye- inflammation of the conjunctiva (mucous membrane lining the

Diseases and Ailments • Weepy eye- inflammation of the conjunctiva (mucous membrane lining the inner surface of the eyelids and covering the front part of the eye) • Others- Vent Disease, Rabbit syphillis, ear mites, infectious myxomatosis, papillomatosis, ringwork, fur mites, mange mites, pinworm, wet dewlaps, fur chewing, hutch burn, sore hocks, malocclusion

Reproduction • Sexually mature at 4 -8 months • Females sexually active depending on

Reproduction • Sexually mature at 4 -8 months • Females sexually active depending on the length of day and temperature • Birth will occur 30 -32 days after mating

Babies • • • Kindling- birth process in rabbits Nest box 2 days before

Babies • • • Kindling- birth process in rabbits Nest box 2 days before expected Check young every 24 hours Eyes open at 12 -14 days 3 weeks leave nest box

Pet Care • Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information

Pet Care • Fill out the organizer with housing, feeding, grooming, and handling information for Rabbits.

Review • Word Wall/ Concept Map • Exit Question: Why aren’t rabbits bred for

Review • Word Wall/ Concept Map • Exit Question: Why aren’t rabbits bred for meat in the US? ? • Next Class: Gerbils, Mice, Chinchillas

Mammals

Mammals

Today’s Agenda • • Warm-up Essential Question Gerbils, mice, and chinchillas Review

Today’s Agenda • • Warm-up Essential Question Gerbils, mice, and chinchillas Review

Warm-up • Which picture is correct?

Warm-up • Which picture is correct?

Essential Question • How do we take care of gerbils, mice, and chinchillas?

Essential Question • How do we take care of gerbils, mice, and chinchillas?

Activity • Using the Gerbil and Mouse Care Sheets fill in the Pet Care

Activity • Using the Gerbil and Mouse Care Sheets fill in the Pet Care organizer with: – Food – Housing – Care – Handling

Gerbils • • • 14 different species Most common- Mongolian gerbil Very quiet animals

Gerbils • • • 14 different species Most common- Mongolian gerbil Very quiet animals Life expectancy- 2 -4 years Gestation period- 24 -26 days Litters of 1 -10, 3 -4 average.

Gerbils • Seldom affected by disease – Respiratory infections – Nasal dermatitis-hair loss and

Gerbils • Seldom affected by disease – Respiratory infections – Nasal dermatitis-hair loss and red swollen areas of the skin. – Tyzzer’s Disease’ – Fleas – Lice – Mites

Mice • • 36 species Most common- house mouse Smell is most highly developed

Mice • • 36 species Most common- house mouse Smell is most highly developed sense Primarily nocturnal, pets may come out during the day • Prefer company of other mice (colony)

Mice • Free of disease if given proper diet, housing, and exercise. • Sexually

Mice • Free of disease if given proper diet, housing, and exercise. • Sexually mature at 4 weeks • 21 days gestation • Litters 5 -10

Chinchillas • 1, 000 years ago, Incas used for fur • First chinchilla skins

Chinchillas • 1, 000 years ago, Incas used for fur • First chinchilla skins sold on June 21, 1954 at the New York Auction Company.

Chinchillas • 2 species – C. langier and C. brevicaudata • Breeds based on

Chinchillas • 2 species – C. langier and C. brevicaudata • Breeds based on color – The Standard (blue-grey color) – The White – The Beige – The Black – The Sullivan Violet (clear white belly and lavender center back strip of a fur pelt. )

Chinchillas • 2 species – C. langier and C. brevicaudata • Breeds based on

Chinchillas • 2 species – C. langier and C. brevicaudata • Breeds based on color – The Standard (blue-grey color) – The White – The Beige – The Black – The Sullivan Violet (clear white belly and lavender center back strip of a fur pelt. )

Chinchillas • Reading thru the packet we will fill out the pet care sheet

Chinchillas • Reading thru the packet we will fill out the pet care sheet with the following information: – Housing – Feeding – Handling – Care

Review • Word Wall/Concept Map • Exit Question: Which animal talked about today would

Review • Word Wall/Concept Map • Exit Question: Which animal talked about today would require the least amount of care? • Next Class: Exam Review