Male reproductive system Anatomy and physiology Kristina Njer

Male reproductive system Anatomy and physiology Kristina Njerš Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat

Male reproducitve system, anatomy(MRSA) Seminal vesicle Prostate gland Bulbourethral (Cowper`s) gland Ejaculatory duct Vas (ductus) deferens Epididym is Urethr a Penis Testis, Scrotu m

Functions of the MRS: 1. Production, retention and transport of semen 2. Production and secretion of testosterone 3. Ejaculation - sperm discharge during intercourse

Testis - in scrotum (27 degrees C) -seminiferous tubules - germ cells spermatogenesis -Sertoli cells -interstitial cells - Leydig cells -

Spermatogenesis (3 major parts) mitosis- the multiplication of spermatogonia meiosis- reduction of chromosome number from diploid to haploid spermiogenesis -transformation of spermatid into the spermatozoon Spermatozoa or sperms are first produced at puberty, spermatogenic activity is maintained into old age

The tail Mitochondria - motility Spermatozoon(sperm cell) The head Acrosome - enzyme activity

Sertoli cells ü secretory and structural support to the germ cells (spermatogenesis) ü create a blood-testis barrier

Endocrinology of male reproduction

Epididymis the testis capacity - upon lateral edge of posterior border of - caput, corpus, cauda - spermatozoa conduit and reservoir - spematozoon gets motilily and fertilizing Vas deferens - in the spermatic cord - scrotal, inguinal, retroperitoneal portions - peristaltic contractions during ejaculation Spermatic cord - connective tissue sheath - contains - ductus deferens, - testicular blood vessels

Seminal vesicles - posterior to the urinary bladder - alkaline secretion - enhances spermatozoic mobility - energy source (fructose) - most of the volume of ejaculated semen Semenduct -combination of fluid and spermatozoa Ejaculatory - ductus deferens + seminal vesicle duct (<1%) Prostate gland - encircles upper end of urethra - muscular gland - smooth muscle contracts during ejaculation - secretion - helps motlity of sperm Bulbourethral glands (Cowper`s) - below the prostate - secretion - empty into urethra

Penis - root - body - 3 circular-shaped chambers - sponge-like erectile tissue - vascular sinuses - vasodilatation erection - glans penis - foreskin (prepuce) - circumcision

Thank you!