Male and Female Reproductive System The Female Reproductive

Male and Female Reproductive System The Female Reproductive system can be divided into 2 parts. These parts being: The Ovarian Cycle The Menstrual Cycle

Female Reproductive System: Ovarian Cycle Definitions Ovarian Cycle The ovarian cycle refers to the series of changes in the ovary during which the follicle matures, the ovum is shed and the corpus luteum develops Endometrium Lining of the uterus wall which develops blood vessels for the possible implantation of a zygote. Will shed if implantation does not occur. Oocyte Immature egg in the ovary which still needs to go through the process of meiosis. Cannot be fertilized. Follicle An immature ovum, an oocyte. Oogenesis The process by which an oocyte becomes an ovum. This occurs because of meiosis. Ovum A mature egg waiting in the fallopian tube to be fertilized. Ovulation Discharge of the ova from the ovary to the fallopian tube. Time a female can get pregnant. Corpus Luteum Remainder of the follicle which remains in the ovary after ovulation has occurred. Ovarian Cycle Diagram Ovulation 2. mp 4

Functions of the Female Reproductive System FSH Follicle Estrogen LH Corpus luteum Progesterone Causes follicle to develop Secretes estrogen Causes LH to be secreted Causes ovulation Secretes progesterone Thickens endometrium

FYI A woman will produce approximately 400 ovum in her lifetime. At puberty a girl has approximately 700 000 cells in her ovaries capable of becoming ova. The oocyte is diploid until hormones cause meiosis to occur. Once meiosis is complete the oocyte will be haploid and become an ovum. The process will end after ovulation has occurred. Out of the 4 haploid daughter cells created during meiosis only one will have become the ovum. The others 3 will usually die.

Menstrual Cycle Menstruation Animation. mp 4 Ovulation & the menstrual cycle - Narrated 3 D animation. mp 4 The menstrual cycle repeats itself every 28 days. It represents all the periodic changes that take place in the uterus. Phase Event Hormones Menstrual Phase Bleeding occurs: Progesteron (days 1 to 5) expulsion of the e production lining and decreases unfertilized ovum Proliferation Lining of the Phase (days 6 to uterus begins to 14 thicken Production of estrogen increases Secretory Phase Lining of the (days 15 to 28) uterus continues to thicken Progesteron e production increases Sperm can live in a woman for 24 to 72 hours. An ovum lives 12 to 24 hours.

Fertilization vs non fertilization Ovum fertilized corpus luteum stays intact progesterone continues to be secreted endometrium continues to develop no period Ovum not fertilized corpus luteum deteriorates progesterone levels decreases endometrium sheds period

Male Reproductive System Males are easy, they have no cycle. Once they start producing sperm during puberty they usually continue till they die. They can produce approximately 120 million sperms per day. Definitions Erection Ejaculation Pre-ejaculation Penis becomes rigid Expulsion of semen Secretion which contains some sperm. Occurs before ejaculation. Spermatogenesis The process of producing sperm cells through meiosis and mitosis Need erection to ejaculate, but do not need to ejaculate if an erection occurs. There is approximately 350 million sperm/ejaculation. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ia. HRYVICdc. M How does an erection occur? At the onset of sexual arousal, an increase of blood flow to the penis causes the penis to increase in volume.

Attachments Ovulation 2. mp 4 Ovulation & the menstrual cycle - Narrated 3 D animation. mp 4 Menstruation Animation. mp 4