Making Effective Technical Presentations Rob Kremer Adapted from

Making Effective Technical Presentations Rob Kremer Adapted from original slides by David Maulsby /67

Why Presentations? Ø Incite decisions Ø Achieve closure Ø Motivate, educate Ø Build relationships /67

Why Be a Presenter? Ø Make contacts Ø Promote yourself Ø Promote your organization Ø Master your subject /67

Planning a Presentation /67

The Presentation Process /67 Preparation Presentation Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Understanding the Audience /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Audience Composition Ø The Chair Ø The Head Honcho Ø The Critic Ø Your Champion Ø The Masses Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

The Chair Their Role ØKeeps the meeting on track ØProtects the speaker & You ØEstablish your relationship ØRefer problems to the chair Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

The Head Honcho Role ØDecision-maker & You ØMake sure s/he understands ØMarshall the audience to help you Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

The Critic Their Role ØTo debunk your story & You ØAnticipate objections in your talk ØHave extra slides ready ØRehearse questions and answers ØCounteract with your champion Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Your Champion Their Role ØAdvocate for you & You ØIdentify your champion ØAttentive, nodding, interested questions ØGet his/her endorsement ØThird-party more believable Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

The Masses Their Role ØA. Keen to learn, validate ØB. There on orders, bored & You ØAcknowledge them ØEarn their trust ØAppeal to their experience Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Understanding the Audience Ø What do they know about the topic? Ø What do they know about you? Ø Why are they in this meeting? Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Understanding the Audience Ø Aim to discover your champion Ø Teach the audience something new Ø Reflect their intelligence ØKeep it simple ØChallenge but don’t overwhelm Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Respecting the Audience Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Dress Code Dress to flatter your audience ØFor peers, dress up a little ØFor management, business casual ØFor customers, dress for success ØJacket and tie ØYou’re judged by your shoes Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Dress Code “But I’m a poor student, I only have T-shirts!” So what would you wear to a wedding? Research Audience Or a funeral? Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Clothing Communiqué Clothing sends messages ØWhat you wear ØHow you wear it ØManners and gestures Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Professional Deportment Ø Watch your language ØNo slang ØAvoid grandiloquent sesquipedalian circumlocutions Ø Watch your body language ØRelaxed, not sloppy Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

The Best Proof of Respect Be prepared ! ØYou studied your topic ØYou researched the audience ØYou rehearsed your presentation Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Selecting Material /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Selecting the Content Ø Help your audience reach their objectives ØUnderstand an issue ØAnswer a question ØMake a decision Ø Focus on what they need to learn Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Organizing the Talk Ø Acknowledge the objectives Ø Yours and theirs Ø Establish common ground Ø From You and Them to We Ø Provide a roadmap Ø Outline / graphic Ø “Say what you’re going to say…” Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Organizing the Talk Ø The storyline ØHistory, process, relationship Ø The argument ØThesis / antithethis / synthesis Ø The contribution ØProblem / solution Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Visual Aids /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Visual Aids Ø Graphics reveal relationships Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions Research Audience Select Material Draw Conclusions /67 Prepare Visuals Write Text Rehearse

Visual Aids Ø Introduce speaker Ø Introduce topic Ø Develop ideas Ø Answer questions Ø Draw conclusions Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Visual Aids Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions Draw Conclusions Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Color Schemes Bad Good Too Little Contrast Good Contrast Complementary Colors OK for Accent; Tiring Too Many Colors Best for Colorful Diags Ø Use very dark or very light background Ø High contrast Ø Avoid red, green /67 Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text Rehearse

Color Connotations Formal and methodical Cool and rational Mysterious and intriguing Exciting marketing message Another exciting message Research Audience The plain old facts Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Special Effects Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Uses of Special Effects Ø Wake up the audience Ø Turn on imagination Ø Illustrate an idea Ø Drive home your point Ø Demonstrate your prowess Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Special Effects Ø Decoration Ø Animation Ø Sound Ø Video Ø Demo / scenario Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Effects Ø Illustrate relationships, processes Ø Favorite of s a l e s m e n ØDemos make effects unnecessary Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Effects Bob Alice ack(Alice, Bob, x) inform ack(Bob, Alice, x) request ack reply(Bob, Alice, x) inform ack reply agree ack(Alice, Bob, x) act(Bob, Alice, x) inform ack reply-propose-discharge(Alice, Bob, x) Ø Use to build up complex ideas/ diagrams /67 propose-discharge(Bob, Alice, x) done ack inform ack(Bob, Alice, x) reply-propose-discharge Research Audience confirm ack Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text Rehearse

The Text /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Slide Formatting Ø Number your slides! Ø One topic per slide Ø Minimal text ØGraphics where possible Ø 3 points Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Using the Web Ø Archive and distribute material Ø Elaborate slide content Ø Power. Point is much easier to maintain Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Rehearsal /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Practice, Practice Ø Rehearse to a live audience ØOnce is not enough! Ø Practice the mechanics ØSet up ØRoles and signals ØIntroducer, speaker, slide controller ØHandoffs Research Audience Select Material Prepare Visuals Write Text /67 Rehearse

Giving the Presentation /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Remember… Ø You’ve been granted the privilege of speaking Ø Your audience is spending a lot of valuable time on you Ø The speaker is remembered long after what s/he says is forgotten Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

The Speaker /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Introductions Ø Have the chair introduce you ØImplicit endorsement Ø Greet and acknowledge the audience Ø Introduce your team Introduce Speaker Ø Your qualifications Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Presenting Yourself Ø You are an authority Ø You inspire others Ø You can act on what you say Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Presenting Yourself Ø Speak up! ØSelf-confidence Ø Speak smoothly ØHesitation, nervousness implies incompetence Ø Eye contact ØHonesty, trust Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Coping with Nerves Ø Shake ‘em off Ø Be well prepared Ø Nothing new Ø Backups Ø Thank the audience Ø Find a friend Ø Stand tall Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Inspiring Others Ø Project enthusiasm Ø Demonstrate teamwork Ø Wake up the audience Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Walk the Talk Ø Mention your track record Ø Demo! Ø Propose action, incite decision Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

The Topic /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Set the Agenda Ø Desired outcome of this meeting? Ø Why is this talk important NOW? Ø Why are you the ideal presenter? Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Provide a Roadmap Ø Outline ØBRIEFLY Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions Ø Preview the argument ØBoldly state a controversial conclusion and promise to prove it Draw Conclusions Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

The Material /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Maintain the Pace Ø Watch your remaining time Ø Preserve time for questions ØDon’t invite audience to interrupt you Ø Skip rather than skim slides ØDon’t talk too fast Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Interactions /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Interaction Skills Ø Don’t block the slides Ø Scan the audience (eye contact) ØDon’t stare at your slides Ø Move into the audience Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Interaction Skills Ø Vary your voice (level, pitch) Ø Talk with your hands ØGently Ø Invite participation ØLeading questions Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Questions Ø What if nobody has any? Ø Plant questions in your text Ø Ask the audience ØSurvey says… Ø Have answers on “reserve slides” Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Difficult Questions Ø What if you don’t know the answer? ØAdmit it ØPromise to follow-up ØCanvas the audience Ø What if the question is irrelevant? ØTake it off-line Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Coping with Trouble Ø “Walk-on’s” (latecomers) ØGreet them Ø A speech from the floor A bulldog questioner ØTake it off-line Ø Turn to the chair for help Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Summing Up /67 Research Audience Introduce Speaker Select Material Introduce Topic Prepare Visuals Develop Ideas Write Text Answer Questions Rehearse Draw Conclusions

Presentation Strategies Ø Profile your audience Ø Define your presentation goals and stick to them! Ø Prepare to convince and impress Ø No compromises! Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Presentation Tactics Ø Establish common ground Ø Interact with audience Ø Maintain control of the floor Ø Show rather than tell Ø Work toward a conclusion Introduce Speaker Introduce Topic Develop Ideas Answer Questions /67 Draw Conclusions

Your Customer Presentation /67

Planning Your Talk Ø Who is the audience? Ø What are their objectives? Ø What are your objectives? Ø What is the minimum you can say? Ø What problems may arise? /67

Giving Your Talk Ø Who will you need onstage? Ø How will you involve the audience? Ø How many slides should you prepare? Ø What visual aids can you use? /67

Questions Welcomed! For more information, please contact Rob Kremer kremer@cpsc. ucalgary. ca /67