Making Comparisons in English By G Javier Burgos
Making Comparisons in English By, G. Javier Burgos
Who do you think is MORE ATTRACTIVE?
The Ant Responded: “ Yes, the giraffe is taller than me but I am SEXIER than her” The Giraffe says. “I am TALLER THAN that ant”
We often use comparisons because we want to talk about the differences between people, places, and things. Here is an example: 1. Javier´s house is bigger than Anita´s. 2. Anita´s house is smaller than Javier’s. 3. Javier’s house is more expensive and prettier than Anita’s house.
The comparative forms from the previous example are: -bigger than -smaller than -More expensive than -Prettier than So. . . When do we use “–er” and when do we use “more? ”
How many syllables are the words: “big” and “small? ” 1 For 1 -syllable adjectives, JUST add “er” to the end. Example: Tom is smarter than Joe. *If the 1 -syllable adjective ends with the letter “e, ” JUST add “r” to the end. Examples: nicer wiser **If the 1 -syllable adjective has a C-V-C pattern, Double the consonant and add “er. ” Examples: San Francisco is San Diego is San Francisco. wetterthan San Diego. bigger than
For adjectives that end with the letter “y, ” DROP the “y” and add “ier. ” Examples: Adjective = ugly house. Anita´s house is Uglier than Javier´s Adjective = pretty FECYT faculty is prettier than CC. SS. Faculty Adjective = friendly than Fiona. Angelina is friendlier
How many syllables is the word: beautiful ? 4 (more than 1) For adjectives that are 2 or more syllables, use “more” + the adjective to make the comparative form. Examples: Adjective = beautiful Mery ’s face is more beautiful than Javier´s face. Adjective = comfortable This armchair is more comfortable than that chair.
Irregular comparatives: You MUST memorize these! Examples: good bad = = better than worse than far = Adjective = good My grades are better than Michael’s. farther (further) than
Examples: · good = better · bad = worse · far = farther (further) · well = better · badly = worse · little = less Many/much/ a lot of/lots of/ few/ a few = more/less
Grammar Rule: Never use both MORE and “ER!” Incorrect: Lisa’s job is more better than mine. Correct: Lisa’s job is better than mine.
Using “less than” Sometimes we compare two things by using “less than. ” To do this, use LESS + adjective + THAN When using “less than, ” the adjective DOES NOT CHANGE Examples: He is LESS energetic than my other teacher. This class is LESS crowded than the other one. New York City is LESS polluted than Los Angeles.
Rule. . . ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE 1. Adjectives with one syllable: add “er” old big cheap older than bigger than cheaper than 2. Adjectives that end in “Y”: drop “Y”, add “ier” friendly busy easy friendlier than busier than easier than 3. Adjectives with two or more syllables: use “more” polite beautiful important more polite than more beautiful than more important than 4. Irregular forms: (memorize) good bad far better than worse than farther/further than 5. Less Than quiet crowded less quiet than less crowded than
There a few exceptions with comparative grammar. . . These are adjectives that don’t follow the basic rules or that have more than one acceptable form. To learn these, you must memorize them. 1. “fun” We say: more fun 2. “simple” We say: more simple 3. “narrow” We say: narrower more narrow 4. “quiet” more quiet We say: funner OR simpler OR OR quieter
Try these examples. Use the comparative form. 1. I think Social Studies is _________ (interesting) than Math. 2. San Diego is a _______ (pretty) city than L. A. 3. A dog is usually ________ (friendly) than a cat. 4. It is _______ (hot) today than it was yesterday. 5. My cousin is _______ (rich) than I am. 6. USE LESS: Some people think that Spanish is _________ (difficult) than English.
Superlatives RULE # 1 Use THE and add -est Examples: · smart = the smartest · young = the youngest · fast = the fastest
Superlatives RULE # 2 If the adjective has a CVC pattern, double the consonant and add -est. Don't forget THE! Examples: · wet = the wettest · big = the biggest · sad = the saddest
Superlatives RULE # 3 Change the Y to I and add -est. Don't forget to use THE! Examples: · pretty = the prettiest · happy = the happiest · busy = the busiest
Superlatives RULE # 4 Adjectives or adverbs with two or more syllables (not ending in Y): Use THE MOST Examples: · famous = the most famous · interesting = the most interesting · carefully = the most carefully
IRREGULAR SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES Examples: · good = the best · bad = the worst · far = the farthest (the furthest) · well = the best · badly = the worst · little = the least Many/much/ a lot of/lots of/ few/ a few = The most/ the least
Who has the widest mouth in the world? His name is Francisco Domingo, . He is from Angola.
Where was the largest bikini parade held?
Hundreds of Women stood at
Where is the smallest man in the world from? He is from Nepal
His name is Chandra Dangi and he is 67 cm tall.
Who is the tallest man in the world? He is from «Alpachaca» His name is Sultan Kosen Burgos, he is my cousin
Which man has the longest fingernails in the world? His name is Melvin Boothe
Who has the smallest waist in the world? Her name is Cathie Jung
Who has the biggest natural breasts in the world? Under breasts: 109. 22 cm Chest-over-nipple: 177. 8 cm Her name is Annie Turner
How big is the largest Mining Truck ? Volume: 470. 4 cubic metres Density of : 0. 86 tons/ m 3
Who is the hairiest teenager in the world? She is from Ibarra and studies “Enfermeria” at UTN. The true fact: She is from Thailand Her name is Supatra Nat
Who has the largest rifle in the world? Measurement: 10. 18 m James De. Caine. U. S. A.
It is simple, I Could you do. Teacher can do it. this? Javier can do it easily.
He is as strong as the Teacher.
Check for the most amazing recordsin the world • http: //www. guinnessworldrecords. com/size / • http: //www. guinnessworldrecords. com/extr a-ordinary/ • http: //www. guinnessworldrecords. com/worl d-records/size/smallest-dog-living
SUMMARY: COMPARATIVE VS SUPERLATIVES Rule 1 - one syllable adjectives or adverbs: Comparatives Superlatives Simply add -er Use THE and add -est Examples: · smart = smarter · smart = the smartest · young = younger · young = the youngest · fast = faster · fast = the fastest
Rule 1 B - One syllable adjectives with a Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Pattern: (Review Consonants and Vowels) If the adjective has a CVC pattern, double the consonant and add - double the consonant and add er. est. Don't forget THE! Examples: · wet = wetter · wet = the wettest · big = bigger · big = the biggest · sad = sadder · sad = the saddest Practice comparatives with one- Practice superlatives with onesyllable words.
Rule 2 - two syllable adjectives ending in Y Change the Y to I and add - Change the Y to I and add er est. Don't forget to use THE! Examples: · pretty = prettier · pretty = the prettiest · happy = happier · happy = the happiest · busy = busier · busy = the busiest Practice comparatives ending in Y. Practice superlatives ending in Y.
Rule 3 - Adjectives or adverbs with two or more syllables (not ending in Y): Use THE MOST Use MORE Examples: · famous = more famous · famous = the most famous · interesting = more interesting · interesting = the most interesting · carefully = more carefully · carefully = the most Practice comparatives with carefully 2 or more syllables. Practice superlatives with 2 or more syllables.
Rule 4 These are the irregular words. There is no system or pattern here, so you'll just have to remember them. Fortunately, there are only a few. . . Examples: · good = better · good = the best · bad = worse · bad = the worst · far = farther (further) · far = the farthest (the furthest) · well = better · well = the best · badly = worse · badly = the worst · little = less · little = the least Practice irregular comparatives. Practice irregular superlatives.
Thanks! You are the best! elt@gmx. us Javier Burgos E. L. T.
- Slides: 42
