Mainstreaming of Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change

Mainstreaming of Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in to Development Process. Mr. Amit Dahit 9 th June, 2018

Mainstreaming Main stream? Side stream?

Continue • DRR is the cross cutting issue and that should be well integrated in to the developmental process and in all developmental process components of DRR should be addressed. • In order to minimize the impacts of hazards, DRR and CCA should be mainstreamed in to development process. • Our developmental process is increasing the peoples vulnerability at local level and decreasing the resiliency of the community people. • “ Ensuring that current and future development does not increase people’s vulnerability to disaster”

( Sustinable Development Goals, Disaster & Climate Change Risk Reduction) lbuf] ljsf; n. If / ljkb / hnjfo"h. Go hf]lvd Go"lgs/0 f Goals ste Level of Development sa Di r Preparedness preparedness Development Reconstruction Development Response, Recovery & Rehabilitation Reconstruction Response, Recovery & Rehabilitation Time

( Sustinable Development Goals, Disaster & Climate Change Risk Reduction) lbuf] ljsf; n. If / ljkb / hnjfo"h. Go hf]lvd Go"lgs/0 f Goal Capacity Level of Development Hazards Vulnerability, Exposure Prevention, Mitigation & Adaptation Preparedness Mitigation, /f]syfd Adaptation, Prevention Development Reconstruction , Response, Recovery & Rehabilitation Time

Mainstreaming Governmental Level: ü In order to integrate DRR and CCA in to Developmental plans at local as well as national levels policy, guidelines, standards is essential and implement them. Institutional development, emergency response preparation, insurance programs should be done. ü Coordination and collaboration among the line agencies is essential to implement the policy, guidelines etc. in to developmental process. ü Regular monitoring is essential. § Private sectors: ü Rules and Regulation should be follow strictly, in vestment of the finance in risk or insurance should be done. • Community level: ü Houses or public structure should be made Earthquake resilient, Insurance should be done, Emergency preparedness and capacity enhancement

Mainstreaming of Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in to Development Process.

Mainstreaming of Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in to Development Process ( ljsf; k|ls|ofdf hnjfo" kl/jt{g cg's'ng tyf ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0 fsf] d'nk|jfx. Ls/0 f ) ………………. • DRR Mainstreaming in Development Is the process in which in every sector of development DRR issue -; jfnx? _ should be included or addressed. • To minimize or mitigate the hazards or possible destruction of lives and properties also the various structural and non structural measures which are followed to limit the hazards in to hazards not in disaster, In every sector of development at National and Local level • It is an accepted fact all over the world that sustainable development is not possible with out mainstreaming of DRR and CCA in the whole process of development from policy making, planning and implementation to monitoring and evaluation.

Why mainstreaming DRR into Development Plans? • All sectors (Health, WASH, education, infrastructures, agriculture, education, transport, social development, forest, etc) are affected by the disasters • Risk Informed Planning is the best strategy to decide how to allocate the National Budget o to integrate Disaster Risk Reduction into Annual Development Plans and periodic plan o to minimize the adverse impacts of disasters in development

Process followed for DRR mainstreaming Link with Demand Side Strengthening WCF, CAC Accountability Planning/ Institutional framework Capacity Building Structure Awareness Process

Mainstreaming of Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in to Development Process ( ljsf; k|ls|ofdf hnjfo" kl/jt{g cg's'ng tyf ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0 fsf] d'nk|jfx. Ls/0 f ) ………………. • All the Ministry, local levels, Governmental offices should be aware about the mainstreaming of DRR and CCA related risks and they should be aware about the disaster risk reduction concepts and its importance. • At National levels policy, guidelines, strategy and standards should be developed related to DRR /CCA risk.

Continue………… § Disaster and Climate Change related branch & contact person should be made available and they should be made aware at all ministries, local bodies & governmental offices. § From the point of view of Disaster risk reduction and Climate Change Adaptation, planning process should be done at local and National level so that risk will be minimize at planning and allocation of the budgeting.

Mainstreaming of DRR/CCA in to Development Process National Development Plan/ strategies Identify Natural hazards Risks Polices Evaluate Risks Incorporate DRR/CCA in to Regulations Accepts Risks? Budget Yes Monitor Review No Identify ways to prevent or manage risks( DRR/CCA adaptations options Prioritize DRR/CCA options Sectors plans Programs Projects

Continue……………. . • Community people should be made aware and safe about the disaster. • Capacity development is necessary regarding the DRR & CCA. • Establishment of Emergency Fund for DRR and CCA. • For the sustainable development, it is necessary to conduct the various programs related to DRR & CCA.

Education If the District Education or R. M is making the school building then, § Check whether it is safe or not from the point of various hazards like floods, landslides and windstorms etc. § If the site is safe from the hazards then estimate and design the building in a earthquake resilient way & also safe from the firing and windstorms. § Parafit should be constructed to prevent from the overflow of the roofs. § Doors & windows should be easily opened during the time of the disaster and design and estimate should be done in the similar manner before construction. § Building should be designed in a child and disabled friendly way. § Based on the design & estimate, quality materials are used or not, monitoring should be done. § Risk mapping should be done in the school and safety plan should be designed.

Continue…………. . • Risk which are identified near the school, mitigation activities should be done. • Regular mock drill should be practiced regarding the earthquake, firing, flood, landslide so that community people will be aware. • Selected students & teachers should be given FA training and First Aid kit should be stocked in the school. • DRR & CCA also should be included in the school curriculum. • Teachers & students should be well trained about the concept of mitigation and Disaster Risk. • Early Warning systems & Forecasting instruments should be installed. • DRR should be included during the design of the SIP and DEP. • Contingency plan of the community & school safety plan should be llinked.

Drinking Water • Survey whether the hazards may destroy the infrastructure at the time of the construction. • If there are risk of various hazards better not to construct and if needs to construct in that area follow the mitigation measures like gabbions walls, retaining walls and afforestation. • In the source area, intake should be made to prevent pollution. • Methods to purify the water should be made clear to the public like pious, water gaurds etc. • Programs related to WASH should be organized in a community & declare the open defecation area. • Prepare the water safety plans at community levels.

Continue…………. . • Where there is the droughts, rain water harvesting methods should be trained to the community people & distribute the drum to them as well. • Waters users committee should be well trained about the Risk Management. • Drainage patterns should be made so that water will not accumulate.

Local Development • Construction of the buildings at the hazards prone area should be discouraged by Local bodies. • Check whether landslide, soil erosion occur or not during the construction of the roads, better not to construct the roads or infrastructures from the area where there is the prone of the landslides, soil erosion and floods. • If there is the high risk of the landslides in the construction area, suggest them to follow the mitigation measures like afforestation, retaining walls, gabion walls, bio engineering etc. • Develop the drainage systems side by side during the construction of the roads. • Implement the Standards of NRA for the earthquake resilient structure, strictly aware the community people, organize the mason training contractors & mason s workers.

Livelihoods…………. . • Be clear on Disaster and climate change risk before the implementation of livelihoods programs. • Improved seeds & species should be developed to resist the climate change hazards. • Promotion of the alternative livelihoods programs to the beneficiaries. • Alternative irrigation programs should be developed like harvesting of rain water, plastic ponds, dip boring, uplifting the water from generator. • Agricultural lands should be well preserved like gabions walls, check dams, afforestation and bioengineering. • Launch the awareness programs regarding the disaster and climate change adaptation.

Continue…………………. . • Agricultural patterns should be done based on the type of the land. • Discourage the use of harmful pesticides and encourage the farmers to use organic pesticides and organic manure. • Provisions of insurance should be well managed for the crops also. • Improved types of the species and seeds should be introduced that resist the Climate Change Risks.

Finance and Social Sectors…………………. • • Participatory approach in decision making & should be transparent. Procurement committee and procurement process should be well transparent. Standards should be used in various activities. Committee should be mobilized, sfo{ d'ns ; ldlt • • • Rspect the culture and ethics of community. Monitoring Mechanisms should be effective. Management of the Finanace. Social audits. Public hearing. Accountability.

Before Mainstreaming

d"nk|aflxs/0 fsf] df. Wodaf 6 ck]l. Ift kl/jt{g ( Mainstraming process leads to change ) Development Disaster Risk Management

Risk Reduction ( Tap), ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0 f wf/f

Thank you !