Main Idea Detail 1 VARIABLE something that can

Main Idea Detail 1. VARIABLE something that can change or be changed 2. INDEPENDENT cause variable – what is being tested VARIABLE (IV) changing this variable may cause an effect ex: Amount of studying (IV) affects test scores. effect variable – the result of the test this variable is affected by a change in another 3. DEPENDENT VARIABLE (DV) variable ex: Amount of studying affects test scores (DV).

4. CONSTANT (CV) also known as a “controlled variable” these are variables that could affect the result but are not the tested variable (IV) keeping these values constant allows for a fair test of the IV 5. CONTROL GROUP a version of the IV that is in the normal or untreated state 6. EXPERIMENTAL GROUP other versions of the IV that are different from the control group the different versions of the IV that are being tested

7. RATE 8. SPEED how much something changes per unit of time how “fast” something happens speed is a rate (how much distance changes per unit of time) distance traveled by an object divided by the time taken to travel that distance speed = distance can be shortened to s = d/t time measurement units are distance/time such as miles/hour average speed is calculated from total distance and total time average speed = total distance total time