MAIN IDEA AN DICTION SESSION 5 DR FEBRIYANTINA

MAIN IDEA AN DICTION SESSION 5 DR. FEBRIYANTINA ISTIARA, M. PD PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS, FKIP

LEARNING OUTCOME • Students are able to know main idea and diction for reading.

What is a Main Idea • It is the main point the writer is trying to get across in the text (the most important idea in the paragraph). • Sometimes the author states the main idea in the beginning, middle , or end of the paragraph. • The main idea of a paragraph may be also known as the “ Topic Sentence”

Topic Vs. Topic Sentence • Make sure you don’t confuse the topic sentence and the topic of a text. • The topic is what the whole text is about it may be defined in one , two or there words ( a phrase) but NOT a sentence • The topic sentence is A SENTENCE make sure it contains a subject and verb at least. Otherwise, it is not a topic sentence.

Is a main idea always explicit? • Main ideas are not always stated explicity in the paragraph. • Sometimes the author makes his or her point in an implicit way • You are allowed to use your own words to make the idea explicit from what you understood in the text once you have read it.

Now let’s practice Identify the main ideas in the following passages : A variety of methods can be used to assist people who are suffering from mental disorders. One such therapy is insight-oriented therapy. Proponents of this approach believe that success can be achieved only if the client gains insight into the experiences that led up to his or her problem. Anotherapy is behavior therapy. This approach attempts to make changes by using scientifically tested principles of operant and classical conditioning.

Practice Identify the main ideas in the following passages : A variety of methods can be used to assist people who are suffering from mental disorders. One such therapy is insight-oriented therapy. Proponents of this approach believe that success can be achieved only if the client gains insight into the experiences that led up to his or her problem. Anotherapy is behavior therapy. This approach attempts to make changes by using scientifically tested principles of operant and classical conditioning.

• Many people are not good listeners. They may not even realize that they lack this skill. But almost anyone can become a better listener by being aware or certain negative listening habits. Once such as habit is jumping to conclusions beore hearing the entire message. Another bad habit is to nod off when someone is speaking in a monotone. Turning off to speakers who are not necessarily experts is also a negative listening habit. Yet another bad habit to avoid is the habit of reacting emotionally to certain words.

Many people are not good listeners. They may not even realize that they lack this skill. But almost anyone can become a better listener by being aware or certain negative listening habits. Once such as habit is jumping to conclusions beore hearing the entire message. Another bad habit is to nod off when someone is speaking in a monotone. Turning off to speakers who are not necessarily experts is also a negative listening habit. Yet another bad habit to avoid is the habit of reacting emotionally to certain words.

• One sign of pregnancy is nausea upon awakening. Other signs are increase in size and tenderness of the breasts, Still other signs include increase in the size of the abdomen. Thus, aside from pregnancy tests, a woman can sometimes recognize the early signs and symptoms of pregnancy.

Conclusions • Main ideas are present in every text we read, and we have to be able to identify them successfully • The process of identifying main ideas should be made a conscious one , not only to know how to do it, but also teach such process to our own students. • To foster the identification of main ideas, we need to practice constantly because it will always have an impact in our writing as well

What is diction • In all forms of literature authors choose particular words to convey effect and meaning to the reader. Diction is employed to communicate ideas and impressions, to evoke emotions and to convey an author’s view of the truth to reader.

Diction: Word Choice • To analyze diction is to look at how a writer uses words for a distinct purpose and effect. • There are several ways to characterize diction: connotative/denotative, formal/informal, abstract/concrete, objective/subjective, hyperbolic/understated, literal/figurative.

Ways to Characterize Diction Informal (personal writing): • Bug • Folks • Job • Kid • Boss • Get across

Ways to Characterize Diction Formal (academic or literary writing): Germ/virus Relatives Occupation/Career Child Superior C 0 mmunicate

example • The respite from study was devoted to a sojourn at the ancestral mansion. (formal) • I spent my vacation at the house of my grandparents. (informal) • I endeavored to peruse the volume. (formal) • I tried to read the book. (informal) • The dog ate my homework (informal). • Informal?

example • Informal: – Colloquial: conversational language, such as dialect • Y’all, Wanna, go nuts – Slang: words not part of standard language. • Third degree, kick the bucket, photo bomb, hater • Formal: – Jargon: special language of a profession or group • Educational: anecdotal records, benchmark, cooperative learning • Technical: bandwidth, hot spot, surf

• Thank you