Ma Cu MBA stands for witch craft and
‘Ma. Cu. MBA stands for witch craft and black magic, as still much of the cultivation of marine microorganism is to us’
22 partners from 11 European countries
The ocean covers more than 70% of the surface of the earth and represents the largest continuous habitat with a volume of nearly 1. 5 billion cubic kilometers (1. 5 × 10 9 km 3). It has been estimated that 1. 2 × 1029 cells of Bacteria and Archaea live in the ocean which represent the unseen majority that forms 90% of the total biomass in this habitat Up to one billion (109) of Bacteria and Archaea may be present in every liter of ocean water! The number of viruses is at least a factor 10 higher and although the number of eukaryotic microorganisms is perhaps 100 – 1000 times lower, they still represent a huge biomass and comprise an enormous diversity. These numbers contrast sharply with the less than 10, 000 Bacteria and Archaea that have been described and cultivated. Most (‘ 99%’) of this diversity has not been taken into culture and often referred to as ‘unculturable’. Culture the ‘uncultured’ depends on finding the right conditions and growth media and this may prove extremely time consuming due to the nearly infinite possibilities of different media compositions and culture conditions, let alone that microorganisms need to be grown in defined consortia.
Discovered in 1979 Picocyanobacteria Synechococcus spp picocyanobacteria Prochlorococcus spp Smallest and most abundant phototrophic organism on earth Pelagibacter ubique Most abundant bacterium in the ocean Discovered in 1988 Discovered in 2002 0, 5 µm
More (recent) discoveries Trichodesmium: In 1964 identified as N 2 fixer UCYNA, UCYNB and UCYNC: In 2001 and beyond identified as N 2 fixer Diatom-cyanobacteria symbioses: Since 1999 identified as N 2 fixer 8
2005: Ammonium-oxidizing Thaumarchaeota 2000: Anaerobic methane oxidation (Archaea: red, Sulfate-reducing bacteria: green) 9
1. To increase the success rate of isolation of marine microbes. 2. To isolate numerous novel marine Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya 3. To improve the cultivation efficiency of biotechnological relevant marine microorganisms. 4. To increase the production rate of new biomolecules with high added value. 5. To develop high throughput culturing methods that mimic natural conditions. 6. To improve our understanding on how cell-to-cell communication, chemical inductors, stress factors and other regulatory system alterations could affect the isolation and cultivation efficiency of marine microorganisms as well as the production of bioactives from already cultured organisms. 7. To develop specific devices and robotics for high throughput isolation and cultivation of marine microorganisms. 8. To develop cultivation and genetic strategies to enhance bio-prospecting (lab scale). 9. To integrate these bio-prospecting strategies towards industrial applications (full scale). 10. To implement, disseminate and exploit the results and to develop outreach and education. (including the availability of strains through culture collections)
Partner Nr. Partner name Environment 1 NIOZ-MM marine 3 a UBO/LM 2 E 3 b UBO/LUBEM 5 Main organisms Target organisms during Ma. Cu. MBA mat Cyanobacteria Cyano Biotech *Cyanobacteria *benthic diatoms marine * extremophilic Bacteria * extremophilic Archaea mostly * industrial bacteria terrestrial * yeast * filamentous fungi all environments * Cyanobacteria 10 Matis marine *Bacteria and Archaea 14 DTU marine *Bacteria bioactive bacteria 16 SBR marine 19 Ph. M marine *microalgae *heterotrophic Eukarya *Cyanobacteria *phototrophic bacteria *viruses *actinobacteria 20 DSMZ all environments *Bacteria *Archaea Current number marine strains 500 Conservation mode live transfer cryopreservation extremophilic Bacteria and Archaea Fungi 1, 178 1, 700 live transfer cryopreservation Cyanobacteria 1, 200 500 live transfer cryopreservation 500 cryopreservation Eukarya, cyanobacteria phototrophic bacteria 2, 000 live transfer cryopreservation deep sea actinobacteria 200 cryopreservation non-extremophile Bacteria and Archaea 1, 500 freeze dried
Partner Nr. Partner Name Target organisms during Macumba 1 NIOZ cyanobacteria, anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria; chemotrophic bacteria 100 2 Uv. A autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria 50 25 3 UBO-LUBEM Filamentous fungi and yeasts 200 100 3 UBO-LM 2 E Mesophilic bacteria and archaea 2, 000 200 3 UBO-LM 2 E Thermophilic bacteria and archaea 100 50 5 CBT Cyanobacteria 500 150 10 Matis Heterotrophic bacteria 800 300 10 Matis Heterotrophic archaea 50 15 10 Matis Photoheterotrophic bacteria 50 15 11 UMH Photoheterotrophic bacteria 400 50 13 UW Marine Synechococcus 50 15 13 UW Bacteria associated to phytoplankton 50 25 13 UW Photosynthetic eukaryotes 25 5 14 DTU 500 20 15 UMIL Surface-associated heterotrophic bacteria Halophilic bacteria and archaea 50 15 16 CNRS Photoheterotrophic bacteria 1, 000 200 16 CNRS 500 150 16 CNRS Bacteria associated to phytoplankton Photosynthetic eukaryotes 400 150 16 CNRS Phytoplankton parasites 400 50 16 CNRS Dinoflagellate hosts of parasites 1, 000 200 16 CNRS 50 20 19 Ph. M Photosynthetic symbiotic eujkaryotes Marine deep-sea actinobacteria 2, 000 400 10, 625 2, 130 Total Planned number of strains isolated Planned number of strains deposited to core collection
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