M S COLLEGE OF ARTS SCIENCE COMMERCE AND

M. S COLLEGE OF ARTS , SCIENCE , COMMERCE AND BMS CONCEPTS IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

DISASTER “… A SERIOUS DISRUPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF A SOCIETY, CAUSING WIDESPREAD HUMAN, MATERIAL, OR ENVIRONMENTAL LOSSES WHICH EXCEED THE ABILITY OF THE AFFECTED SOCIETY TO COPE USING ITS OWN RESOURCES. ” 2

M. S COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE, COMMERCE, AND BMS fondation course

DISASTER MANAGEMENT A PLANNED APPROACH FOR THE PREVENTION OF DISASTER, PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE TO DISASTERS, AND RECOVERY FOLLOWING DISASTERS. 4

WHY DISASTER MANAGEMENT ? • TO MINIMIZE DEATHS AND LOSSES. • MINIMUM LEVEL OF PREPAREDNESS & PLANNING CAN DO IT. • WITHOUT IDENTIFICATION OF RISK & VULNERABILITY, ONLY KNOWLEDGE OF HAZARDS IS OF NO USE • NORMAL PROCEDURES ARE INSUFFICIENT TO HANDLE GRAVE SITUATIONS. 5

Definitions • Risk is defined as the frequency of an event happening and its impact • A Hazard is a physical or human-made event that can potentially trigger a disaster. • Vulnerability is ‘Susceptibility to harm’ of those at risk • Capacities are the qualities & resources of community ( or individual) to … anticipate, cope with, resist & recover from the impact of hazards

Risk = Hx. V÷C H = Hazards - Potentiality of a physical event that may cause loss of life or property R = Risks - Probability of harmful consequences or losses V = Vulnerabilities - Factors or processes - physical, social, economic, and environmental - which increase susceptibility of an area or a community to damage and loss. C = Capacities - Strengths and resources available within a community, society or organization that can reduce the level of risk, or the effects of a disaster.

VIOLENCE BASED War, Armed Conflict, Physical Assaults etc. NATURE BASED Earthquakes, Droughts, Floods, Cyclones etc. DETERIORATION BASED Environmental Degradation, Declining Health, Education & other Social services. H A Z A R D S FAILING INDUSTRIALLIZED SOCIETY BASED Fire, Gas leakage, Transport Collisions etc. 8

Awareness Generation Early Warning Vulnerability Assessment & Analysis Risk Analysis Information, Interpretation Hazard Assessment & Analysis Prevention Preparedness Mitigation

Prevention & Mitigation Measures HAZARD Preventive Measures Mitigation Measures

TYPES OF DISASTERS SUB GROUP I WATER & CLIMATE RELATED DISASTERS FLOODS & DRAINAGE MGT. , CYCLONES, TORNADOES & HURRICANES, HAILSTORM, CLOUD BURST, HEAT WAVE & COLD WAVE, SNOW AVALANCHES, DROUGHTS, SEA EROSION AND THUNDER & LIGHTNING. SUB GROUP II GEOLOGICALLY RELATED DISASTERS LANDSLIDES, MUDFLOWS, EARTHQUAKES, DAM FAILURES / DAM BURSTS AND MINE FIRES. SUB GROUP III CHEMICAL, INDUS. , & NUCLEAR RELATED DISASTER THE CHEMICAL AND INDUSTRIAL & NUCLEAR DISASTERS HAVE BEEN INCLUDED. 11

TYPES OF DISASTERS (CONTD…) SUB GROUP IV ACCIDENT RELATED DISASTERS FOREST / URBAN FIRES, MINE FLOODING, OIL SPILL, MAJOR BLDG. COLLAPSE, SERIAL BOMB BLASTS ETC. SUB GROUP V BIOLOGICALLY BIOLOGICAL RELATED DISASTERS DISASTER & EPIDEMICS, PEST ATTACKS, CATTLE EPIDEMICS & FOOD POISONING ETC. 12

Major Phases of Disaster Management Cycle. Disaster impact Preparedness Mitigation Prevention Response Recovery Development 13

DM CONTINUUM

Causal Factors of Disaster Population Growth Poverty DISASTER Rapid Urbanization Lack of Information Environmentall Degradation 15

NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE CABINET COMMITTEE ON MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL NATIONAL CRISIS CALAMITIES MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE GOVT OF INDIA NDMA NEC CABINET COMMITTEE ON SECURITY NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT MHA MINISTRIES & DEPARTMENTS OF GOVT OF INDIA ARMED FORCES SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL INSTITUTIONS ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS STATE GOVTs SDMAs DISTTs DDMAs LOCAL BODIES NATIONAL DISASTER MITIGATION RESOURCE CENTRES NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE FORCE CORPORATE SECTOR PROFESSION AL BODIES NGOs COMMUNITY

Thanks! 17