LYMPHOMA DEFINITION Lymphoma is cancer that begins in
LYMPHOMA
DEFINITION • Lymphoma is cancer that begins in infectionfighting cells of the immune system, called lymphocytes. These cells are in the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, bone marrow, and other parts of the body. When you have lymphoma, lymphocytes change and grow out of control
• Lymphoma is different from leukemia. Each of these cancers starts in a different type of cell. • Lymphoma starts in infection-fighting lymphocytes. • Leukemia starts in blood-forming cells inside bone marrow.
There are two main types of lymphoma: 1. Non-Hodgkin: Most people with lymphoma have this type. 2. Hodgkin Non-Hodgkin lymphoma may arise in lymph nodes anywhere in the body, whereas Hodgkin lymphoma typically begins in the upper body, such as the neck, chest or armpits.
CAUSES • Idiopathic RISK FACTORS • Weak immune system from HIV/AIDS, an organ transplant, or because you were born with an immune disease • Have an immune system disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren’s syndrome, lupus, or celiac disease • Have been infected with a virus such as Epstein-Barr, hepatitis C, or human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (HTLV-1)
• Have a close relative who had lymphoma • Were exposed to benzene or chemicals that kill bugs and weeds • Were treated for Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the past • Were treated for cancer with radiation
SYMPTOMS • Swollen glands (lymph nodes), often in the neck, armpit, or groin that are painless • Cough • Shortness of breath • Fever • Night sweats • Fatigue • Weight loss • Itching
DIAGNOSIS • Bone marrow aspiration or biopsy. doctor uses a needle to remove fluid or tissue from your bone marrow – the spongy part inside bone where blood cells are made – to look for lymphoma cells. • Chest X-ray. It uses radiation in low doses to make images of the inside of your chest. • MRI. It uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures of organs and structures inside your body.
• PET scan. It uses a radioactive substance to look for cancer cells in your body. • Molecular test. It looks for changes to genes, proteins, and other substances in cancer cells to help your doctor figure out which type of lymphoma you have. • Blood tests. These check the number of certain cells, levels of other substances, or evidence of infection in your blood
TREATMENT • Chemotherapy, which uses drugs to kill cancer cells • Radiation therapy, which uses high-energy rays to destroy cancer cells • Immunotherapy, which uses your body’s immune system to attack cancer cells • Targeted therapy that targets aspects of lymphoma cells to curb their growth
• Nursing management and nursing diagnosis is same as leukemia • Plz go through leukemia
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