LUSI Diagnostics Common Optics WBS 1 5 Yiping

LUSI Diagnostics & Common Optics WBS 1. 5 Yiping Feng – DCO Lead Scientist LUSI CD-2 Review August 19, 2008 Lead Engineer: Eliazar Ortiz Mechanical Engineer: Marc Campell Mechanical Engineer: Nadine Kurita Design Engineer: Rick Jackson Designer: Don Arnett Designer: Ben Bigornia LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Outline Diagnostics & common optics (DCO) overview DCO scope Components locations Components physics requirements Components descriptions Deliverables Schedule Costs Major risks 6 -month look-ahead Summary LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 2 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Overview Common needs recognized for all LUSI instruments in Diagnostics for measuring X-ray FEL properties Transverse beam profile Incident beam intensity Transverse beam positions Wave field at focus Optical components for performing X-ray FEL manipulations Beam size definition and clean-up Attenuation Pulse pattern selection and/or repetition rate reduction Isolation of fundamental from high harmonics Focusing Monochromatization LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 3 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Overview (cont. ) Common components identified among all LUSI instruments & categorized, based on functionalities, into diagnostics suite common optics suite To facilitate common design & implementation A single WBS element created – WBS 1. 5 Captured all XPP, CXI, and XCS common components The DCO integrated team put in place DCO scientific/technical team DCO engineering team LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 4 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

DCO Science Team Responsible for developing specifications and device/component concepts for DCO scientific/technical team Yiping Feng, DCO lead scientist Instrument liaisons & DCO scientists David Fritz, XPP instr. , attenuator, harmonic rejection mirrors Marc Messerschmidt, XPP instr. Sébastien Boutet, CXI instr. , slits system, pulse picker Aymeric Robert, XCS instr. , focusing lens, offset monochromator Niels van Bakel, X-ray detectors support Gunther Haller/Dieter Freytag, EE support LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 5 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Overview (cont. ) Physics requirement documents released by DCO team Diagnostics ü ü sp 39100004 -1_XRPop. In. Prof. Mon-PRD sp 39100009 -1_XRPop. Intensity-PRD sp 39100008 -1_XRIntensity-Position-PRD sp 39100007 -0_XRWavefront. Mon-PRD* Common optics ü ü ü sp 39100011 -1_Be. Lens-PRD sp 39100014 -1_Slits-PRD sp 39100010 -1_Atten-PRD sp 39100023 -1_Pulse_Picker-PRD sp 39100034 -1_Harm. Rej. Mirror-PRD sp 39100016 -0_Offset. Mono (in work)* * In initial version-0 LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 6 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

DCO Scope Work Breakdown Structure Scope/CD-2 Includes: Physics support & engineering integration (WBS. 1. 5. 1) Diagnostics (WBS 1. 5. 2) Pop-in Profile/Wavefront Monitor (WBS 1. 5. 2. 1) Pop-in Intensity Monitor (WBS 1. 5. 2. 2) Intensity-Position Monitor (WBS 1. 5. 2. 3) Common Optics (WBS 1. 5. 3) Offset Monochromator (WBS 1. 5. 3. 1) X-ray Focusing Lenses (WBS 1. 5. 3. 2) Slits System (WBS 1. 5. 3. 3) Attenuators (WBS 1. 5. 3. 4) Pulse Picker (WBS 1. 5. 3. 5) Harmonic Rejection Mirrors (WBS 1. 5. 3. 6) LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 7 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Components Locations Components locations Distributed throughout the XPP, CXI, and XCS instruments, including Xray transport tunnel HEDS el Near Experimental Hall a X-r s ran T y nn Tu t r po CXI Endstation XCS Endstation XPP Endstation EL LS LC F ray Far Experimental Hall X- SXR AMO LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 8 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Components Locations (cont. ) An example in XPP 15 diagnostics/common optics components embedded in XPP LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 9 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Device/Component Counts Total device/component counts Diagnostics/Optics XPP CXI XCS Total Pop-in Profiler/ Wavefront Monitor 3 4 5 12 Pop-in Intensity Monitor 2 2 5 9 Intensity-Position Monitor 3 3 5 11 1 2 1 Offset Monochromator 1 X-Ray Focusing Lenses 1 Slits System 3 4 6 13 Attenuators/Filters 1 1 1 3 Pulse Picker 1 1 1 3 Harmonic Rejection Mirrors 1 1 2 Total 15 26 57 LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 10 16 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

DCO Physics Requirements Goals Build diagnostics and common optics to help XPP, CXI, and XCS instruments achieve their full scientific potentials Common requirements stemmed from characteristics of LCLS X-ray FEL Ultra short @ 100 fs, and repetition rate of 120 Hz High peak power ~ 10 GW Fully coherent in transverse directions ~ TEM 00 Intrinsic intensity, temporal, spatial, timing fluctuations on per-pulse basis, i. e. , LCLS Expected Fluctuations Pulse intensity fluctuations Position & pointing jitter (x, y, a, b) Source point jitter (z) LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 11 ~ 30 % (in contrast to synchrotron where fluctuation is Poisson limited) ~ 10 % of beam diameter ~ 10 % of beam divergence ~5 m (leads to variations in apparent source size, or focal point location if focused) Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

DCO Physics Requirements (cont. ) Unique challenges identified for LUSI DCO Capable of sustaining the instantaneous LCLS X-ray FEL peak power Exercising deliberate material selection Thermal calculations including melting threshold and onset of thermal fatigue Capable of coherent beam manipulation Minimizing large angle diffractions to the extent possible i. e. , utilizing cylindrical blades for slits Minimizing random wavefront distortion to the extent possible Reducing surface roughness and bulk non-uniformities Capable of ultra-fast signal detection Extracting signals in ~ ns to avoid large background i. e. , charge-sensitive detection in intensity measurements Capable of per-pulse measurement if required Each pulse is a new experiment Averaging NOT an option, requiring high S/N ratio from single pulse i. e. , high-precision intensity measurements to 0. 1% based on single pulse LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 12 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

DCO Physics Requirements (cont. ) Unique challenges for LUSI DCO (cont. ) Capable of maintaining ultra-high mechanical stability in case of large optics-tosample distance, i. e. , XCS offset monochromator To 10% of beam size at 50 mm 0. 25 mrad pointing stability Linac-to-Undulator (227 m) Undulator Hall (175 m) 60 mm Near Expt. Hall 1. 1 mrad X-ray Transport (230 m) Far Expt. Hall 220 mm 490 mm Mono location Rayleigh Length Source to Sample distance @ 1. 5 Å LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 13 54 m 200 m XPP - 193 m XCS - 419 m CXI - 440 m Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Component Descriptions Diagnostics suite Pop-in profile monitor Pop-in intensity monitor (WBS 1. 5. 2. 1) (WBS 1. 5. 2. 2) Requirements Destructive; Retractable; Variable FOV and resolution At 100 mm resolution, 24 x 24 mm 2 FOV; At 8 mm resolution, 2 x 2 mm 2 FOV; Capable of per-pulse op. @ 120 Hz if required Attenuation used if necessary LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 14 Destructive; Retractable; Relative accuracy < 1%; Working dynamic range 100; Sensitive area 20 x 20 mm 2 Capable of per-pulse op. @ 120 Hz Attenuation used if necessary Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Component Descriptions (cont. ) Diagnostics suite (cont. ) Intensity-position monitor Wavefront monitor (WBS 1. 5. 2. 3) (WBS 1. 5. 2. 1) Requirements In-situ, but retractable if desired Highly transmissive (< 5% loss); Relative accuracy < 0. 1%; Working dynamic range 1000; Position accuracy in xy < 10 mm; Per-pulse op. at 120 Hz; LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 15 In-situ, but retractable if desired Variable FOV and resolution Per-pulse op. @ 120 Hz Attenuation used if necessary Computational algorithms needed for wavefront reconstruction Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Component Descriptions (cont. ) Common optics suite X-ray focusing lenses Slits system (WBS 1. 5. 3. 2) (WBS 1. 5. 3. 3) Requirements Produce variable focused spot size For XPP 2 -10 mm in focus 40 -60 mm out-of-focus Minimize wavefront distortion Withstand FEL full flux LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 16 0 – 10 mm gap setting 10 -9 in trans. btw 2 -8. 265 ke. V 10 -8 in trans. at 25 ke. V Gap precisions in xy 0. 5 mm for precise slits 5 mm for coarse slits Minimize diffraction/wavefront distortion Withstand FEL full flux Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Component Descriptions (cont. ) Common X-ray optics (cont. ) Attenuators Pulse picker (WBS 1. 5. 3. 4) (WBS 1. 5. 3. 5) Requirements Minimize wavefront distortion Withstand full FEL flux 108 attenuation at 8. 3 ke. V* 104 attenuation at 24. 9 ke. V At least 3 steps per decade < 3 ms switching time Reduce rep rate < 10 Hz operation* Not preferred for > 10 Hz continuous operation, FEL rep rate reduction will be used Withstand full LCLS FEL flux Requiring 100 mm Si 3 N 4 to protect the steel blade *DCO key performance parameters LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 17 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Component Descriptions (cont. ) Common optics (cont. ) Harmonic rejection mirrors Offset monochromator (WBS 1. 5. 3. 6) (WBS 1. 5. 3. 1) Requirements Energy range btw 6 - 8. 265 ke. V 104 contrast ratio between fundamental and the 3 rd harmonic, 106 overall 80% overall throughput for the fundamental Minimize wavefront distortion Withstand full FEL flux LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 18 Large 600 mm offset 6 -25 ke. V energy range Continuously tunable 10% positional stability (of beam size) Double-crystal geometry Attenuation used if necessary Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

DCO Deliverables Phased deliverables CD-4 A XPP CD-4 B Pop-In Profile Monitor Pop-In Intensity Monitor Intensity-Position Monitor Slits System Pulse Picker CXI XCS LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 19 CD-4 C Attenuators Harmonic Rejection Mirrors X-Ray Focusing Lenses Pop-In Profile Monitor Pop-In Intensity Monitor Intensity-Position Monitor Wavefront Monitor Slits System Pulse Picker Attenuators Pop-In Profile Monitor Pop-In Intensity Monitor Intensity-Position Monitor Attenuators Harmonic Rejection Mirrors X-Ray Focusing Lenses Slits System Pulse Picker Offset Monochromator Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

DCO Schedule WBS 1. 5 schedule developed to ensure that instruments’ milestones are met on time FY 08 Preliminary design reviews Pop-In Profile Monitor Pop-In Intensity Monitor Pulse Picker Slits System Intensity-Position Monitor X-ray Focusing Lens Attenuators Harmonic Rejection Mirrors Wavefront Monitor Q 1 FY 10 Offset Monochromator FY 09 FY 10 FY 11 FY 12 Q 4 FY 08 Q 1 FY 09 Q 2 FY 09 Q 3 FY 09 Q 4 FY 09 Q 2 FY 10 Final design reviews Pulse Picker Slits System Intensity-Position Monitor Pop-In Profile Monitor Pop-In Intensity Monitor X-ray Focusing Lens Attenuators Harmonic Rejection Mirrors Wavefront Monitor Q 2 FY 10 Q 1 FY 09 Q 2 FY 09 Q 3 FY 09 Q 4 FY 09 Q 1 FY 10 Installation complete CD-4 A Installation complete CD-4 B Installation complete CD-4 C Installation complete LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 20 Q 1 FY 11 Q 3 FY 12 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

DCO Cost Baseline Labor & non-labor (M&S, etc. ) LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 21 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

DCO Cost Baseline (cont. ) Level-3/4 cost breakdown 1. 5. 02 - Diagnostics 1. 5. 03 – Common optics LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 22 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

DCO Major Risks Offset monochromator Mechanical stability not met Required to maintain position stability to 10% of beam size Mitigation Ensure requirements are clearly stated and agreed prior to award and fabrication Implement a stringent vendor selection process Implement regular visits to vendor Implement frequent and measurable status reports Maintain constant communication with the vendor prior to and during design and fabrication Linac-to-Undulator (227 m) Undulator Hall (175 m) 60 mm Near Expt. Hall 1. 1 mrad X-ray Transport (230 m) Far Expt. Hall 220 mm 490 mm Mono location Rayleigh Length Source to Sample distance @ 1. 5 Å LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 23 54 m 200 m XPP - 193 m XCS - 419 m CXI - 440 m Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

6 -Month Look-ahead Major milestones Preliminary design reviews Q 4 FY 08 – PDR Pop-in profile monitor Q 4 FY 08 – PDR Pop-in intensity monitor Q 4 FY 08 – PDR Pulse picker Q 1 FY 09 – PDR Intensity-position monitor Q 1 FY 09 – PDR Slits system Final design reviews Q 1 FY 09 – FDR Slits system Q 1 FY 09 – FDR Pulse picker LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 24 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu

Summary Diagnostics and common optics help support LUSI instruments to fulfill CD-0 mission in a wide variety of cutting edge research capabilities Diagnostic & optical components concepts are based on proven developments made at SPPS, FLASH, and SR sources Safety hazards have been identified in Hazard Analysis Report (HAR) Safety issues are considered at every step of design and fabrication process Scope of DCO components for XPP, CXI, and XCS instruments fully defined Resource loaded schedule developed through end of project Preliminary designs of key components are well advanced DCO and LUSI are ready for CD-2 approval LUSI DOE Review Aug. 19, 2008 Diagnostics/Optics (WBS 1. 5) p. 25 Yiping Feng yfeng@slac. stanford. edu