LTE Long Term Evolution Dibuz Sarolta History of
LTE Long Term Evolution Dibuz Sarolta
History of mobile communication › 1 G – ~1980 s – analog traffic digital signaling › 2 G ~1990 s (GSM, PDC) – TDMA, SMS, circuit switched data transfer 9, 6 kbps › 2. 5 ~ 2000 s (GPRS, EDGE) – Packet switched data transfer 50 -150 kbps › 3 G ~2000 s (WCDMA, CDMA 2000) – 2 Mbps › 4 G ~2010 s (LTE/SAE) – ~100 Mbps (DL) › 4 G+ IMT Advanced , ITU – ~1 Gbps Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 2
Mobile system evolution GSM WCDMA HSPA TD-SCDMA LTE CDMA track Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 3
Mobile broadband overtook fixed ~ 2010 Broadband subscription forecast 2100 Fixed 1800 Subscriptions (Millions) Mobile 1500 1200 900 600 HSPA 70% 300 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Source: Ovum RHK, Strategy Analytics & Internal Ericsson Mobile Broadband includes: CDMA 2000 EV-DO, HSPA, LTE, Mobile Wi. MAX, Other Fixed broadband includes: DSL, FTTx, Cable modem, Enterprise leased lines and Wireless Broadband Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 4
Standardization › In 3 GPP (3 rd Generation Partnership Project) › LTE – radio network evolution (Long Term Evolution) › SAE – System Architecture Evolution of the packet core NW › Radio access NW (RAN) – E-UTRAN › Core NW – EPC (Evolved Packet Core) Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 5
SAE/LTE › LTE: Long Term Evolution (radio access) › EPS: Evolved Packet System (full 3 GPP system incl. LTE) – Also SAE/LTE (System Architecture Evolution) Flexible use of spectrum - Flexible bandwidth - FDD & TDD capability 1. 4 MHz Reduced Cost - Flat architecture – fewer nodes - Packet Switched only - Self configuration Excellent user performance - Higher data rates: 100 Mbps downlink, 60 Mbps uplink - Lower latency ~10 ms RTT - Well integrated with 2 G/3 G Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 6 20 MHz
Architecture for LTE Functional changes compared to the UMTS Architecture GGSN resu ton( noitcnuf SGSN RNC Node B do. Ne ot devom snoitcnuf CNR on rellortnoc oidar lartnec o. N • evodnah tfos on , oidar MDFO • yfilpmis ot dnamed rotarep. O • Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 7
EPC architecture Simplified view IP networks Policy Control and Charging MME = ”Mobility Management Entity” e. Node. B = the LTE base station Gi S 4 PGW SGW 2 G/3 G MME S 3 UEcntxts UE S 9 Other access UEcntxts UE S 11 S 6 HSS Signaling S 1 -CP X 2 -UP X 2 -CP User traffic S 1 -UP e. Node. B UEcntxts UE LTE Focus of EPC Per User Layer GTP/GRE IP Transport Layer IP IP Transport Layer L 2 L 2 SGW Router Switch PDN GW Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 8 GTP/GRE IP IP based transport – out of 3 GPP scope policy data auth. data PCRF HSS
SAE-GW › SAE: System Architecture Evolution › P-GW: PDN GW – – – External IP point for interconnect Packet routing & forwarding Lawful intercept Policy enforcement In home or visited NW › S-GW: Serving GW – In visited NW when roaming – Packet routing & forwarding – Anchor for U-plane in inter-e. NB handovers and for mobility between LTE and other 3 GPP technologies – LTE idle mode DL buffering – Charging per UE – Security for user data on S 1 Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 9
MME Mobility Management Entity › UE attach/detach handling › Security (authentication and authorization of users) › EPS bearer handling › Paging › Mobility management of idle mode UEs Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 10
e. Node. B › › Cell control and MME pool support Mobility control of terminals Control and User plane security Segmentation/Concatenation to adapt the payload to the transport block size › HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat re. Quest) - error correction of the radio channel › Scheduling with support for QOS › Physical layer functionality i. e. OFDM modulation Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 11
E-UTRAN Radio interface › OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Access) – Data stream is distributed over many subcarriers – Good performance in delayed and strong multipath reflexes › Both FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) and TDD (Time Division Duplex) are supported – FDD: different frequency bands are used for up-link and down-link transmission – TDD: up-link and down-link transmission are separated in time Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 12
E-UTRAN radio interface › MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) antenna configurations – Increased spectrum efficiency and capacity – Radio channels can be separated up to 4 layers – 4 times higher data rates for a given bandwidth Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 13
Voice Over LTE
GLOBAL Volte market update Dec 2014 – 14 live Japan: • Do. Co. Mo • KDDI • Soft. Bank USA: • T-Mobile +Vo. Wi-Fi • AT&T • Verizon Live networks Ongoing trials and deployments South Korea: • SKT • LGU+ • KT Singapore: • Sing. Tel • Star. Hub Hong Kong: • PCCW • 3 • Smar. Tone Live Vo. LTE networks Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 15 Source: GSA, GSMA, Ericsson estimates, see notes page for details.
Voice over 4 g NWs › LTE is designed to deliver data › Ways for standardized voice transfer over LTE › Circuit Switched Fall. Back › VOLTE - Voice over LTE › SRVCC – Single Radio Voice Call Continuity – When user moves out of TLE coverage area › Voice over Wi-Fi (SIM based, untrusted) Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 16
2 G and 3 G origins GSM Circuit switched CORE 3 G WCDMA Packet Core INTERNET Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 17
Circuit switched fallback: LTE Data, CS voice CS Voice Circuit switched CORE GSM 3 G Data WCDMA Packet Core LTE Data Wi-Fi Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 18 INTERNET, VPN, ETC.
Vo. LTE and CS services CS Voice Circuit switched CORE GSM 3 G Data WCDMA Packet Core LTE PS Voice IMS Telephony Data LTE Data Wi-Fi Ericsson Internal | 2012 -04 -25 | Page 19 INTERNET, VPN, ETC.
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