LSI Logic Serial Attached SCSI SAS SATA Overview

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® LSI Logic Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) & SATA Overview

® LSI Logic Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) & SATA Overview

The Emergence of Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) n Newest Storage Interface for Direct Attach

The Emergence of Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) n Newest Storage Interface for Direct Attach Storage (DAS) n SAS Improves & Builds on Parallel SCSI Foundation Supported by ANSI T 10 Standards Committee (Same as SCSI) u Successor to Ultra 320 SCSI on Industry Roadmap u n Significant Performance & Feature Set Enhancements LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 Source: SCSI Trade Association Jan 2004 2

SATA vs SATA 300 Feature Comparison Feature List SATA First Party DMA Native Command

SATA vs SATA 300 Feature Comparison Feature List SATA First Party DMA Native Command Queuing Identify device/set feature Defect management Enclosure management Staggered Spin up Hot Plug/Presence Detect Port Multiplier 1. 0 2 nd Phy spec 3 Gb/s LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 SATA 300 3

LSI Logic Storage Controllers PCI RAID 2004 1 H’ 05 2006 HBA 3. 0

LSI Logic Storage Controllers PCI RAID 2004 1 H’ 05 2006 HBA 3. 0 Gb/s • FC 2 Gb/s LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 • FC 4 Gb/s 4

SAS is Compatible with SATA! n Feature: SAS controllers can talk to SATA or

SAS is Compatible with SATA! n Feature: SAS controllers can talk to SATA or SAS HD Drives SAS HDD - Used When Performance & Reliability are Critical u SATA HDD - Used When Capacity & Cost Are Most Important u SAS & SATA HDD - Can be Mixed in Single System u n Benefit: Server & Workstation Platforms Can be Standardized to Reduce Component Qualification & Inventory LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 5

SAS & SATA are Interoperable SAS and SATA HDD connectors SATA backplane connectors will

SAS & SATA are Interoperable SAS and SATA HDD connectors SATA backplane connectors will NOT accept SAS HDDs SAS backplane connectors accept both SAS target and SATA HDDs • No Notch Dual Ported LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 6

New Terms n SATA Architected, SATA Populated (SATA) u A system that contains SATA

New Terms n SATA Architected, SATA Populated (SATA) u A system that contains SATA Controllers, SATA HDD, and optionally SATA Multipliers u Low cost, GREAT for certain markets (i. e. streaming, archive) n SAS Architected, SAS Populated (SAS) u A system that contains SAS controllers, SAS HDD, and optionally SAS expanders u X 3 cost on HDD, top notch performance for IOP intensive applications n SAS Architected, SATA Populated (SAS/SATA) u A system that contains SAS controllers, SATA HDD, and optionally SAS expanders u This allows the creation of sophisticated topologies with low cost SATA HDD LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 7

The Power of Serial Interfaces SATA 300 Feature: Small Connector Enables Small Form Factor

The Power of Serial Interfaces SATA 300 Feature: Small Connector Enables Small Form Factor HDDs Benefit: More storage per cubic inch Feature: Small Cable vs SCSI or ATA Benefit: Simpler cabling, better cooling Feature: 3 Gb/s (300 MB/s) ITransfer Rate Increasing to 12 Gb/s (1. 2 GB/s) in Successive Generations Benefit: Unprecedented performance and roadmap Feature: Point to Point Connection with Dedicated Bandwidth Benefit: Simplified cabling, NO signal LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 SAS w/SAT A HDD SAS 8

SAS - SCSI on Steroids!! SATA Feature: Full Duplex Data Transfer Benefit: FC-like Simultaneous

SAS - SCSI on Steroids!! SATA Feature: Full Duplex Data Transfer Benefit: FC-like Simultaneous Upstream & Downstream Data Flow Effectively Doubling Performance Feature: Each HDD is Assigned a Unique World Wide Name (WWN), Similar to FC Benefit: FC-Like SAN capabilities Feature: Dual Ported Benefit: FC-Like Redudancy Feature: SCSI Tagged Command Queuing (256 Levels) Benefit: Old fashioned SCSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 SAS w/SAT A HDD SAS 9

SAS & SATA - The New Paradigm SATA 300 Feature: SAS Supports up to

SAS & SATA - The New Paradigm SATA 300 Feature: SAS Supports up to 16, 256 Devices in a Domain (128 is more practical) Benefit: Sophisticated topologies including JBOD (SATA II = 15 Devices/ port) Feature: SAS Cabling Distances of 8 m Point to Point (vs. 1 m for SATA) Benefit: Enables Box to Box connectivity within a Rack Feature: SAS Expanders (vs SATA Multipliers) Benefit: Allows Tremendous Flexibility in Application Configuration(i. e. JBOD and JBOD Cascading) LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 SAS w/SATA HDD SAS 10

Technology Comparison SATA 300 Significant Differences Half-duplex Capabilities Exist Full-duplex with Link Aggregation Performance

Technology Comparison SATA 300 Significant Differences Half-duplex Capabilities Exist Full-duplex with Link Aggregation Performance Full Duplex 3. 0 Gb/s Introduction 6. 0 Gb/s in 2006 2. 0 Gb/s 4 Gb/s in 2004 1 m internal cable > 8 m internal and external cables 15 m external cable (Copper) Multipliers Expanders 15 HDD max >128 devices 127 devices FC-AL 16 Million Fabric Single-port HDDs Dual-port HDDs Single-host Multi-initiator Software transparent with Parallel ATA Software transparent with Parallel SCSI Connectivity Availability Driver Model SAS adds FC Fibre Channel LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 11

SAS Expanders & Wide Ports Are Key!! n SAS Wide Ports are Unique in

SAS Expanders & Wide Ports Are Key!! n SAS Wide Ports are Unique in Storage u No SCSI, SATA, or FC equivalent n A wide port is defined as more than one physical link in a port u Wide ports are used to aggregate bandwidth u A wide port is a set of 1 -4+ physical links between two devices. Different connections may be open on different links. u Typical usage: HBA/RAID controller wide port connected to expander wide port n All physical links in wide port use the same SAS address u Wide ports are transparent to the host/OS u Command sent down one link; data may be returned on another link (separate connection). No SW is required, all link arbitration is handled by HW. SCSI Expert? ? LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 12

The Real Power of Wide Ports SATA Multiplier • Good for Streaming • Poor

The Real Power of Wide Ports SATA Multiplier • Good for Streaming • Poor at IOPs SATA Controller • Streaming = Large Block Sequential LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 SAS Expander • Good for Streaming • Good for IOPs SAS Controller • SAS Expander • X 1, x 2, x 3, x 4 Host Connection • ASx 12 is 1 x 11, 2 x 10, 4 x 8 • ASx 28 and ASx 36 coming 13

SATA Multiplier vs SAS Expander SAS HDD SATA HDD 1 1 2 3 4

SATA Multiplier vs SAS Expander SAS HDD SATA HDD 1 1 2 3 4 5 • SATA Multiplier • Single Host Connection • Different chips for different HDD Counts • Vitesse 1 x 15 • Silicon Image 1 x 5 SATA Controller 2 SATA HDD = 3 • SAS Expander • X 1, x 2, x 3, x 4 Host Connection • ASx 12 is 1 x 11, 2 x 10, 4 x 8 • ASx 28 and ASx 36 coming • LSI Logic, PMC Sierra, Vitesse SAS Controller • Note: ALL SATA FUNCTIONALITY IS CONTAINED WITHIN SAS • Except: SAS cannot talk to SATA multipliers LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 14

Typical Configurations Sample Configurations-Better than SCSI ^Clustered Solution < Cascaded JBODs LSI Logic Confidential

Typical Configurations Sample Configurations-Better than SCSI ^Clustered Solution < Cascaded JBODs LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 15

LSI LOGIC SAS Ecosystem LSISAS 1064 First Article Production Controller Hardware LSISAS 1068 Expanders

LSI LOGIC SAS Ecosystem LSISAS 1064 First Article Production Controller Hardware LSISAS 1068 Expanders LSISASx 12 Vendor A Vendor B Hard Drives Vendor C Vendor D Cables + Connectors SAS x 1 SAS x 4 Boards HBAs RAID Controllers Protocol Analyzers Validation Equipment Bus Exercisers Jitter/Phy Analysis Standards & Initiatives SAS v 1. 0 Spec STA Plug-Fest Letter Ballot Q 4 Q 1 INCITS Approved Q 2 Q 3 2003 LSILogic Confidential – Internal Use Only Logic 2003 LSI Confidential © LSI Q 4 Q 1 Q 3 Q 2 2004 Q 1 Q 3 Q 2 Q 4 2005 3/10/2004 16

It’s REAL!! LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 Learn About System Bandwidth 17

It’s REAL!! LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 Learn About System Bandwidth 17

® The SAS Infrastructure

® The SAS Infrastructure

External 4 X Connector LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 19

External 4 X Connector LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 19

SAS / SATA Multi-Lane Internal & SAS Multi-Lane External (Drawing courtesy of Molex) LSI

SAS / SATA Multi-Lane Internal & SAS Multi-Lane External (Drawing courtesy of Molex) LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 20

SAS Multi-Lane Connections (Drawing courtesy of Molex) LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003

SAS Multi-Lane Connections (Drawing courtesy of Molex) LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 21

New Connectors have been defined: SFF 8087 Internal SAS Connector LSI Logic Confidential ©

New Connectors have been defined: SFF 8087 Internal SAS Connector LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 22

SFF 8088 External SAS Connector LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 23

SFF 8088 External SAS Connector LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 23

SFF 8088 External SAS Connector LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 24

SFF 8088 External SAS Connector LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 24

Pieces of the puzzle n Cables u n Technical Cable Concepts, Inc. 350 Lear

Pieces of the puzzle n Cables u n Technical Cable Concepts, Inc. 350 Lear Avenue, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 Casey Dugan (714) 835 -1081 x 135 (caseyd@techcable. com) www. techcable. com Chassis u AIC LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 25

® Backup

® Backup

SCS - What If? ? I • SCSI HDDs ( 1 -15 HDD) LSI

SCS - What If? ? I • SCSI HDDs ( 1 -15 HDD) LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 27

Calculating System Bandwidth 4 SAS @ 300 MB/s 1200 MB/s ~ 480 MB/s OR

Calculating System Bandwidth 4 SAS @ 300 MB/s 1200 MB/s ~ 480 MB/s OR ~1000+ IOPS Large Block Sequential HDD ~ 60 MB/s 8 HDD = 480 MB/s Small Block Random PCIX 64 b, 133 MHz ~1000 MB/s 8 SAS @ 300 MB/s PCIe ~ 250 MB/lane 2400 MB/s X 4, X 8, X 16 common LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 HDD ~ 120 IOPs &HDD Cache 8 HDD ~ >1000 IOPs 28

SAS Protocols n SSP - Serial SCSI Protocol u Used whenever SAS HDD talks

SAS Protocols n SSP - Serial SCSI Protocol u Used whenever SAS HDD talks to SAS Controller (with or without SAS Expanders) n SATA u Always used to communicate with a SATA HDD n STP - SATA Tunneled Protocol u Used when SATA HDD is connected to SAS controller via SAS expander u STP is used between SAS controller and SAS expander; SATA is used to talk to the SATA HDD u STP EMB (Enclosure Management Bridge), Allows a SAS controller to talk to the I 2 C interface embedded in the x 12 Expander. Typically the I 2 C interface is connected to an external Enclosure Management Processor n SMP - Serial Management Protocol u Allows SAS controllers to configure SAS expanders LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 29

Serial Protocols LSI 106 SSP LSIx 12 8 STP SMP LSIx 12 SSP SAS

Serial Protocols LSI 106 SSP LSIx 12 8 STP SMP LSIx 12 SSP SAS HDD SATA SAS HDD LSI Logic Confidential © LSI Logic 2003 SATA HDD or SMP EMB I 2 C bus SATA HDD Enc. Proc. 30