Look carefully at each of these pictures Come

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Look carefully at each of these pictures. Come up with 5 adjectives to describe

Look carefully at each of these pictures. Come up with 5 adjectives to describe the man in all

Germany’s Situation Post-WWI Treaty of Versailles Treaty which ended WWI Germany was not allowed

Germany’s Situation Post-WWI Treaty of Versailles Treaty which ended WWI Germany was not allowed to participate in the negotiations. All terms were decided by the Allies, mainly USA, France & England France, in particular, wanted to punish Germany. REASONS?

Terms of Treaty of Versailles WAR GUILT Germany was entirely to blame for causing

Terms of Treaty of Versailles WAR GUILT Germany was entirely to blame for causing WWI LOSS OF TERRITORY Germany lost all its overseas colonies Germany lost 13% of its land = about 6 million people = 10% of its industry = 15% of its agricultural land REPARATIONS How do you think the average German citizen reacted to these terms? Write down your response. Germany was required to pay for the damages caused by the war. . . connection to other clause? MILITARY RESTRICTIONS Air Force abolished Army limited to 100 000 soldiers Navy limited to 15 000 sailors, 6 battleships, no submarines Rhineland (border region between Germany and France) to be occupied by Allies for 15 years --- no German troops allowed

The Great Depression IMPACT ON GERMANY Great Depression in Numbers ØMassive Inflation Ø 10

The Great Depression IMPACT ON GERMANY Great Depression in Numbers ØMassive Inflation Ø 10 000 banks stopped operating Ø 20 000 businesses bankrupt in 1932 ØUnemployed rose from 1. 5 million to 12. 8 million ØFarm income and farmers’ wages fell by 50%

The Great Depression The worthless German Deutschmarks were used as cooking fuel, wallpaper, and

The Great Depression The worthless German Deutschmarks were used as cooking fuel, wallpaper, and even kites. People often resorted to bartering

HITLER’S RISE TO POWER

HITLER’S RISE TO POWER

Hitler’s Youth Adolf Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn, a city in northern

Hitler’s Youth Adolf Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn, a city in northern Austria near the border with Germany on April 20, 1889 His father, Alois Hitler, was a customs official and his mother, Klara Polzl had six children Only Adolf and his younger sister Paula reached adulthood

Hitler’s Youth Hitler had a very troubled childhood. His father often beat him and

Hitler’s Youth Hitler had a very troubled childhood. His father often beat him and his mother He developed a deep emotional attachment to his mother and resented his father Hitler did well in elementary school, but never finished high school His father died when Adolf was 13 and his mother died 4 years later

Hitler’s Youth Hilter desired to be an artist, but was twice rejected by the

Hitler’s Youth Hilter desired to be an artist, but was twice rejected by the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna… they suggested his talents lied in the field of architecture By 1909 he was living in a homeless shelter and later in a home for poor working men in Vienna

Hitler’s Anti-Semitism From his youth, Hitler was a fierce German nationalist. He often questioned

Hitler’s Anti-Semitism From his youth, Hitler was a fierce German nationalist. He often questioned why German Austrians did not support Germany in past conflicts In Vienna he is influenced by ideas and peoples which cement some of his anti-Jewish sentiments A quote from Mein Kampf illustrates this…

“There were very few Jews in Linz…Once, when passing through the inner City, I

“There were very few Jews in Linz…Once, when passing through the inner City, I suddenly encountered a phenomenon in a long caftan and wearing black side-locks. My first thought was: Is this a Jew? They certainly did not have this appearance in Linz. I carefully watched the man stealthily and cautiously but the longer I gazed at the strange countenance and examined it feature by feature, the more the question shaped itself in my brain: Is this a German? ”

NAZIS 1919: Hitler joined German Workers’ Party 1920: Hitler was put in charge of

NAZIS 1919: Hitler joined German Workers’ Party 1920: Hitler was put in charge of propaganda Ø Changed party name to NAZI Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers Party) 1921: Took over leadership of the party Introduced the Swastika as the NAZI symbol

MUNICH PUTSCH November 9, 1923 SA marched through Munich to overthrow the government Unsuccessful

MUNICH PUTSCH November 9, 1923 SA marched through Munich to overthrow the government Unsuccessful Hitler was sent to jail for 8 months During that time, he wrote Mein Kampf

Mein Kampf Means “My Struggle” or “My Battle” Basically the story of Hitler’s life

Mein Kampf Means “My Struggle” or “My Battle” Basically the story of Hitler’s life Addresses his political goals for Germany Focus on upholding the Aryan “master” race Was a bestseller and increases his popularity

NAZIS grow in Popularity Nazis gained increasing support by using the following to their

NAZIS grow in Popularity Nazis gained increasing support by using the following to their advantage: Propaganda Posters & pamphlets Nazi-owned newspapers Mass rallies Radio

NAZIS grow in Popularity The SA (the Nazis personal army) Would violently attack rival

NAZIS grow in Popularity The SA (the Nazis personal army) Would violently attack rival politicians/break up meetings Attracted many unemployed to join their ranks Hitler himself Built himself up as a superman Spoke very well and very convincingly Nazi Programme Blamed Jews for Germany’s problems gave Germans someone to blame for their problems Offered possibility of a powerful Germany Promised work to the unemployed Promised potential profits to business owners Were extremely organised with skilled leaders in most areas

25 POINT PROGRAM http: //www. schoolshistory. org. uk/ASLevel_Hist ory/25 pointnsdapprogramme. htm Promoted the re-unification

25 POINT PROGRAM http: //www. schoolshistory. org. uk/ASLevel_Hist ory/25 pointnsdapprogramme. htm Promoted the re-unification of the German people; Promised better living conditions; Denied Jews the right to citizenship of Germany.

STURMABTEILUNG aka the Brownshirts because their uniform was brown NAZIs own political army Made

STURMABTEILUNG aka the Brownshirts because their uniform was brown NAZIs own political army Made up of men who were also unhappy with the outcome of the Treaty of Versailles Goal was to discourage other political groups from meeting – usually done violently

Expansion of the Nazi Party SA expanded to reach into other parts of Germany

Expansion of the Nazi Party SA expanded to reach into other parts of Germany 1926 creation of the SS (Schutzstaffel)/Secre t Police

Expansion of the Nazi Party Creation of the Hitler Youth & German Girls’ League

Expansion of the Nazi Party Creation of the Hitler Youth & German Girls’ League

Expansion of the NAZI Party Formation of the Nazi Student League, Teachers’ League, Women’s

Expansion of the NAZI Party Formation of the Nazi Student League, Teachers’ League, Women’s League, Physician’s League

1930 Election A lot of what the NAZI party stood (25 Point Programme) became

1930 Election A lot of what the NAZI party stood (25 Point Programme) became much more appealing during the Great Depression. Solutions seemed to be offered for the unemployed, the farmers, the middle class, & the young, directionless youth Offered a reason for all the problems Germany was facing: the JEWS!

1932 Elections JULY NAZIs get the most seats with over 13 million votes. Hitler

1932 Elections JULY NAZIs get the most seats with over 13 million votes. Hitler demands the Chancellorship as the leader of the political party with the most seats in the Reichstag. The sitting Chancellor refused and asked Hindenburg to call another election. NOVEMBER NAZIs still win but with only 196 seats

Hitler Chancellor - 1933 Hindenburg wanted to be able to control Hitler and the

Hitler Chancellor - 1933 Hindenburg wanted to be able to control Hitler and the NAZIs. Hitler was appointed Chancellor in January. By February, he called new elections.

Communists are accused of starting fire Emergency “law”: no more freedom of speech or

Communists are accused of starting fire Emergency “law”: no more freedom of speech or freedom of assembly; police have powers to search houses, confiscate property and detain people without trial Concentration camp used to send opposing political party members, anti-Nazis, “undesirables. ” Hitler could pass laws without consent of Parliament (Reichstag) – essentially already a dictator. Hitler saw Rohm as a threat to his power. Oath of “unconditional obedience” to Hitler directly, not to Germany gives Hitler absolute control over army Hindenburg’s death = Hitler has supreme power in Germany

Votes for Nazi Party

Votes for Nazi Party