Lokitaung Location Lokitaung Town is located in Turkana

Lokitaung’

Location Lokitaung’ Town is located in Turkana North Sub-County at latitude 4. 27580 N and longitude 35. 74610 E and 550 meters above sea level. It is also located at the foothills of Lapurr range roughly 200 km north of Lodwar.

ISUDP Vision From the stakeholders’ consultations, the vision for Lokitaung’ was agreed to be “A self-sustaining, eco-friendly, heritage and historic town. ”

Existing Situation Analysis Physical characteristics & environment: • Climate: Lokitaung’ has an arid climate with February having an average temperature of 34. 2 °C at noon and 20. 2 °C in August • Terrain: The area has hills to the South and laggas to the west while the flat terrain is in the central area • Soils: Mainly sandy type • Vegetation: indigenous shrubs • Environmental Challenges: Inadequate capacity of environmental management institutions, adverse climate and drought, poor SWM, invasion by Prosopis Juliflora alien species Etirae.

Existing Situation Analysis Population characteristics: According to 2009 population and housing census Nakalale ward had a total population of 3, 527, Kachoda had a population of 2, 387 and Natoo ward had a total population of 1, 325. Year Population 2009 7239 2015 10503 2025 19531 2035 36321 Social facilities: 2 secondary schools, 8 primary schools and a vocational training centre that is under construction, one health facility that (lacks specialized equipment, has inadequate staff, inadequate water supply, non-operational mortuary and shortage of medicine), one police division, two religious facilities, one post office and one sub-standard stadium.

Transport Main means of transport is roads and main mode of transportation is walking

Existing Situation Analysis Culture, heritage & tourism: e. g. Kenyatta line cells SWM: handled by both private collectors and the county government. Energy: main source of energy is wood Water & sanitation: 1 borehole and no sewer system ICT: 1 mobile service provider (Safaricom). Settlement Pattern and Urbanization: has developed spontaneously along the Lokitaung’ main road with few developments in the hill areas Land tenure: land is predominantly under communal tenure with small percentage of the land under private and public tenure Housing: scattered settlements predominantly unplanned traditional huts in form of manyattas Economic: economic activities are livestock keeping, tourism and a bit of agriculture

Existing Land Uses

Issues Identified by Stakeholders • Inadequate water • Poor roads • Poor communication networks • Inadequate health facilities • Floods • Inadequate educational facilities • Illiteracy • Lack of a designated dumpsite • Lack of public toilets • Low income levels

Solutions to Issues Identified by Stakeholders • Provide Parking spaces for lorries and in the town • Improvement of NMT facilities such as provision of street shades, street seats, segregated walkways • Safety mechanisms • Upgrade Link roads, provide bypasses, and ring roads • Provision of Road side drainage • Creating opportunities for value addition such as meat processing to increase household income • Construct 3 Nursery school, 3 Primary schools, 1 more secondary school, 1 health centre and 2 Dispensaries • Key mobile service providers required to offer mini movable mobile boosters which can be easily moved around with the migrating pastoralist in the area. • Dams to capture flood/rain water • Require roof harvesting mechanism on new buildings in town.

SECTOR PLAN PROPOSALS

PHYSICAL PLANNING

Spatial Planning Considerations The process of creating this plan necessitated identifying spatial planning considerations which include: • Major structuring elements: laggas, hills and the existing settlements. • Land availability in the town exclusive of the laggas. • Land suitability: unsuitable areas for development are laggas, riparian areas and hills. • Settlement patterns: The town has developed spontaneously along the Lokitaung’ –Lowareng’ak road • Environmental consideration The areas for conservation include the laggas, the riverbeds and the hills. Prevalence of Prosopis Julifora “Etirae” is also a major concern. • Existing land use: The bulk of the land in Lokitaung’ town is undeveloped

Spatial Development Models Grid model illustration Radial model illustration

Spatial Development Models Linear model illustration Densification Model Advantages • Create compact urban growth. • Contains urban sprawl. • Minimizes movements. • Contain urban growth on existing areas. • Intensifying developments. • Renewal/redevelopment strategies. Disadvantages • High cost of redevelopment of infrastructure. • High social cost of demolition/movements. • Unpopular. • Will not lead to desirable separation of land use.

Spatial Development models Preferred Choice- hybrid model

Structure Plan Five Broad Zones • Conservation • Public Purpose • Commercial • Residential • Industrial • Development Guidelines for each Zone

Detailed Land Use plan

Social Sector Development Actions Issue Lack of recreational facilities within the town Frequent fire outbreaks Action/program Construction of a sports complex/Stadium Construct a Firestation Construct buildings and amenities Buy one fire engine Time Short term Cost Actor 60 TCG million Short term 50 TCG million 35 million long term 35 TCG million

Social Sector Development Actions Issue Markets (Fresh Produce and Sale Yard) within the town lack proper infrastructures and are subject to flooding, critical sanitation problem, security issues and do not have stalls. The town lack slaughterhouse for livestock Action/program Selected investment priorities include: Permanent structure (for fresh produce market) and drainage (for both) Fencing Market street lighting Provision of potable water Delineate and Construct up to standard slaughterhouse to serve the town Time Short term Cost 100 million Actor TCG

Social Sector Development Actions Issue Cemetery not serviced and clearly delineated Inadequate education facilities Unevenly distributed education facilities Action/program Delineate appropriate land for Cemetery Time Short term Construct 3 Nursery long term school to meet future long term demand long term 3 Primary schools Construct 1 more secondary school to meet future demand 9 million TCG 60 million 40 million Inadequate health facilities Construct 1 health centre Construct and fairly distribute 2 Dispensaries to serve the Town’s residents 20 million TCG 20 million medium term Short term Cost Actor 25 million TCG

TRANSPORT & INFRASTRUCTURE

Proposed Transport Network

Proposed Transport Network Improvement Activities Short Term (2021) Road Name Section Way Length leave (km) Current road Condition Activities Required to achieve C 47 2 60 Gravel and earth roads Design and construction to tarmac standards D 348 9 60 Gravel and earth roads Arterial Streets Sub Arterial Streets 14 60 Gravel and earth roads 28 45 Gravel and earth roads Design and construction to tarmac standards Opened to gravel and earth standards Collector Streets Livestock Corridor Local Streets 21 30 Gravel and earth roads 21 20 Gravel and earth roads 40 15 Gravel and earth roads Opened to gravel and earth standards

Proposed Transport Improvement Activities Medium Term (2025) Road Name Way leave Expected condition at the end of short term Activities Required to achieve C 47 Section Length (km) 2 60 Good maintainable tarmac road with camber. Drainage and NMT facilities in place Evaluation of the road condition, design and routine and periodic maintenance by KENHA D 348 9 60 Good maintainable tarmac road with camber. Drainage and NMT facilities in place Evaluation of the road condition, design and routine and periodic maintenance by KENHA. Arterial Streets 14 60 Good maintainable tarmac road with camber. Drainage and NMT facilities in place Evaluation of the road condition, design and routine and periodic maintenance. Sub Arterial Streets Collector Streets Livestock Corridor Local Streets 28 45 Gravel and earth roads Design and construction to tarmac standards 21 30 Gravel and earth roads Design and construction to tarmac standards 21 20 Gravel and earth roads Opened to gravel and earth standards 40 15 Gravel and earth roads Opened to gravel and earth standards

Proposed Transport Improvement Activities Long Term (2035) Road Name Section Length (km) C 47 2 Way leave Expected condition at the end of medium term Activities Required to achieve the projected standard 60 D 348 9 60 Arterial Streets 14 60 Evaluation of the road condition, design and routine and periodic maintenance by KENHA. Evaluation of the road condition, design and routine and periodic maintenance. Sub Arterial 28 Streets 45 Collector Streets Livestock Corridor 21 30 Good maintainable tarmac road with camber. Drainage and NMT facilities in place Good maintainable tarmac road with camber. Drainage and NMT facilities required. Gravel and earth roads 21 20 Gravel and earth roads Local Streets 40 15 Gravel and earth roads Evaluation of the road condition, design and routine and periodic maintenance. Design and construction to tarmac standards Opened to gravel and earth standards with adequately spaced watering points and cattle dips. Design and construction to tarmac standards

Cable Cars Such are proposed as additional ideas for transport sector development.

Infrastructure Water & Sanitation Proposals • Increase water storage facilities • Establish piped water from aquifer • Designate land for sewer treatment • Construct dams to capture flood/rain water • Carry out roof harvesting mechanism • Drilling a borehole in Kachoda & pumping water to Lokitaung’ Solid Waste Management Proposals Designate a formal modern dumpsite for the town Establish modern incinerator to dispose medical and other hazardous wastes Privatization of waste management in the town Install litter bins within the towns streets Establish collection points in towns suburb Implement garbage sorting and separation programme

Energy Proposals • Investing in renewable energy such as solar energy to supply electricity • Installation of solar powered street lights • Subsidizing power for public purpose facilities from oil exploiters. • Increase Distribution of electricity • Harnessing wind power ICT Proposals Key mobile service providers required to offer mini movable mobile boosters which can be easily moved around with the migrating pastoralist in the area. Extension of cable internet to the area Extension of reliable electricity in the area Installation of public ICT centre in the town

Proposed Infrastructure Plan

Transportation & Infrastructure CIP Sector Project Estimated Cost Time-Frame Implementers Remarks Short Term Ke. NHA The road requires (Kshs) TRANSPORTATION Roads Lokitaung’ 160 million C 47(2 Km) (80 million/Km) Lokitaung’ D 348 630 million (9 Km) (70 million/Km) Arterial Streets 840 million (14 Km) (60 million/Km) Sub-Arterial Streets 1. 4 billion (28 Km) (50 million/Km) Collector Streets 945 million (21 Km) (45 million/Km) reconstruction TCG & KURA Medium Term TCG & KURA Long Term TCG & KURA Local Streets (40 Km) 1. 6 billion The road requires construction TCG (40 million/Km) Bridges/ Tunnels/ Base estimate should A bridge is considered Underpasses TCG & KURA be done to estimate at 500, 000/m while a proper budget tunnel is considered at Long Term Along sub-arterial 7 1. 5 million/m Terminals Bus-station 60 million Short Term TCG & KURA (4000 sqm) Parking 2 -Truckparks 10 acres each Requires terminal facilities & drainage. 100 million TCG & KURA

Sector Project Estimated Cost Time-Frame Implementers Remarks Medium Term &Long Term TCG & KAA Phase I: Relocate and upgrade (Kshs) Airport Lokitaung’ Airport 5 billion to functioning airstrip. Phase II: Upgrade to Airport. INFRASTRUCTURE Water Supply Additional boreholes 25 million (5 No. ) & water (@Ksh. 5 m) Short Term TCG & WARMA Medium Term TCG & Relevant Sewerage & reticulation New sand dams (10 100 million No. ) & (@Ksh. 10 m) Water Co. pumping/equipment &reticulation Construction of a dam 5 billion Long Term on the main laggas Water Tanks Provision of storage 200 million Short Term 500 million Medium Term Centralized Medium Term Along the main laggas water 20 No. ( 50 m 3 each) Water Treatment Provision of safe Plants potable water Sanitation Sewerage Treatment 500 million System 32, 000 m 3/ day Dumpsite 25 million Energy Solar Farms 80 MW anaerobic treatment. Short Term 24 billion Long Term Ksh. 1. 2 billion/4 MW TCG & REA & KENGEN (4 MW/ 15 acres)

Environmental Sector

Environmental Problem Map

Proposed Environmental strategies No development. Keep under vegetation Plant trees Open environmental offices, improve stakeholder participation & economic empowerment Manage Prosopis juliflora with KEFRI & KFS Gazette conserve & Fence & provide waste cover material No dumping, no waste water discharge Provide storm drainage, waste bins, collection services, clean energy, pave roads & plant trees

ISSUE CHALLENGE Inadequate environment resources al managemen t institution AREA Town wide. STRATEGY PROGRAM/ACTI TIME ON Mobilize Development and Short resources for establishment of term. environmental and natural resources resource department. management programmes COST ACTORS Short term. Long term Ksh. TCG, 100 m Residents, NEMA, NGOs, CBOs Long term Ksh TCG, KFS, Landscaping, road side 100 m Residents planting, botanical NEMA. gardens, recreational gardens, riparian protection and tree planting Poor managemen t of Solid waste Lack of Built up gazetted and areas. designated dumpsites and inadequate environmental awareness among the community members. Identify, designate survey and gazette dumpsites Loss of vegetation cover Informal urbanization Formulation of Development of policies and urban forestry bills that programmes govern natural resources management e. g. urban forestry Town wide Provide waste storage facilities Conduct environmental management tools Community sensitization after formation, training and registration of registered group Ksh 30 m COMPLIANCE INDICATORS TCG, Govt. Environmental and (NEMA, natural resource KFS, management, KEFRI, personnel, legal CBOs, framework, NGOs). infrastructure and empowerment of stakeholder Gazette dumpsite

ISSUE CHALLENG ARE E A STRATEGY Prosopis Juliflora (Etirae) Very fast growth/ colonization & thorns Town Prosopis Management of Long Ksh KFS, wide management invasive species. term 100 m KEFRI, policy and bill. NEMA, Value chain TCG, analysis for CBOs, prosopis NGOs, product. Residents Exploitation and utilization Policy and bill One analysis report Quantities of prosopis product produced Acreage cleared reclaimed, and restored. Flooding Degraded catchment areas Catch Mapping of ment degraded areas. in town Allocate resources and rehabilitate degraded areas Constructed of water harvesting structures, proper water runways drainage system and catchment areas protection. Poverty induced environment al degradation. Low incom e areas in the town Research on Long Ksh. utilization of non- term 50 m wood products Alternative livelihoods and promote nature based enterprises PROGRAM/ACTI TIME COS ON T ACTORS Long Ksh TCG, term 300 m Central Govt. , TCG, CDF youth & womenfun d. SMEs, C BOs, NGOs, Govt arms COMPLIANCE INDICATORS One research report Enhance income generation and revenue

ISSUE CHALLENG E AREA STRATEGY PROGRAM/ACTI TIME COST ACTORS ON COMPLIANCE INDICATORS Environment Low Town Enhance al awareness. residents’ wide. environmental environmenta consciousness l awareness. among town resident. Use electronic and print media, posters, public meetings, organized sector forums and groups. More environmental consciousness & ethics among town residents. Environment al Management tools. Low Town Ensure/promot application of wide e application of EIAs, EAs, environmental SEAs& other management environmenta tools l management tools. Create more Short Ksh. awareness on the term. 2 m tools. Monitors & enforce their application where necessary. Drought toll on Human & livestock Enhance capacity Long in drought term forecasting, early warning systems, mitigation & adaptations. Town Establish wide weather stations Long term. Ksh. 12 m TCG, NEMA, Environme ntal Sectoral actors. NEMA, Number of EIAs, TCG, SEAs, EA reports. Environme ntal sectoral players Ksh. DMA, Established weather 100 m TCG, Dpt. stations of Met. , Technical reports. Min. of specialpro grams, MENR, Min. of agric& Livestock

Economic Sector

Economic Development Strategies Livestock Development Tourism Development The construction of dams and boreholes along the pastoralists grazing lines so as to provide constant water for the pastoralists. The establishment of a formal livestock market and a holding ground. The revival of the existing tourism attraction sites for better functioning. The establishment of livestock corridors to control the movement of livestock around the town. These corridors should have watering holes and other similar facilities to encourage pastoralists to use them. Developing scenery tourism such as hill climbing to harness the hilly landscape surrounding the town. Engaging the residents of the town in the development of tourism as a major economic activity in the town. Provision of pesticides and drugs to control for pests and diseases. Improved security efforts. Access to credit facilities by the pastoral communities to be established and existing ones improved Marketing Lokitaung’ as a tourist destination by highlighting its potential for cultural tourism. Opportunities for value addition such as meat processing, hides and skins processing, handcrafts be established. Developing tourist lodges and leisure facilities to support tourism development. Developing cultural based artifacts to enhance cultural tourism to generate revenue to locals. Selling of cultural objects such as ornaments made by the locals as part of cultural tourism. Finding markets for animal products outside the town. Capacity building associations Providing veterinary services to maintain the quality of meat and milk products. for pastoral producer

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Development Decentralization of the issuance of business permits/licences from Lodwar to Lokitaung’ to lower the cost of establishing businesses. Issuance of single business permits. Construction of access roads from the main roads to enhance accessibility to business enterprises. Increase electric connectivity in the area for higher accessibility by businesses. Ensuring there is enough serviced land for business needs by clearing needs and availing land for business establishments. Increasing access to finance by providing credit facilities to SMEs with inadequate or no collateral. Proposals for Income Generation for TCG Levies and Taxes Licenses and Business Permits Tourism proceedings User Fees Revenues from doing business Fines and penalties Land rates

SUMMARY OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN

Summary of Estimated Total Costs per Sector i. Transport sector Short term: KES 1. 2 billion Medium term: KES 2. 4 billion Long term: KES 35. 1 billion Overall total 41. 7 billion ii. Social sector Short term: KES 575 million Medium term: KES 115 million Overall total 690 million iii. Environmental sector The investment for environmental infrastructure which is 794 million will be able to cover the town for the whole planning period Grand Total 42. 563 Billions

Conclusion The above proposals are transformative and innovative for the development of Lokitaung’ Town in the plan period and can be actualized through: • Political good will • Rational allocation of resources • Stakeholder involvement • Capacity building on county personnel & institutions

EJOK NOI ASANTE THANK YOU