Lokichar Town Location Lokichar town lies approximately 88

Lokichar Town

Location • Lokichar town lies approximately 88 Kilometers South of Lodwar along the Class A 1 Lodwar. Kitale highway in Turkana South Sub. County. • The town is located on Longitude 2. 3838°N and Latitude 35. 6478° E at an altitude of 760 meters above sea level.

ISUDP VISION From the stakeholders’ consultations, the vision for Lokichar was agreed to be: “An orderly planned well serviced and safe transportation and industrial hub that is selfsustaining. ”

Situational Analysis

Existing Situation Analysis Physical characteristics & environment • Climate: arid nature with an average of 26. 9°C • Soils: moderately well drained, deep, dark yellowish brown to dark brown, sandy loam to gravely clay, moderately saline and strongly sodic • Hydrology: The planning area is characterized by several seasonal rivers and laggas. • Vegetation: moderately dense Acacia shrub land dominated by Acacia tortilis • Environment problems: inadequate capacity of environmental management institutions, adverse climate and drought, poor solid waste management, lack of forests and green areas, invasion by prosopis juliflora alien species, “etirae”.

Existing Situation Analysis (Cont. ) Population Characteristics • According to the 2009 census the planning area had a population of 23, 452. A growth rate of 6. 4% was used for the projections. • The average household size for the in this area is 6 Sublocations Population 2009 2015 2025 2035 Lokichar 10, 820 29, 194 54, 289 15, 699

Existing Situation Analysis • • Social facilities: There are 2 private nursery schools, 7 public primary schools and 3 secondary schools two public health centers, a police station, market, churches and mosques. Energy: major energy sources are electricity (generator), wood fuel, gas, paraffin, and solar Water & sanitation: The town is dependent on water from boreholes and no sewer system SWM: absence of a well-planned designated dump site Settlements & urbanization: there are semi permanent & permanent structures in the town. Most of the developments in the planning area have taken place to the western side with the eastern end being predominantly undeveloped. Land tenure: predominantly under communal tenure Housing : semi-permanent and manyattas and few isolated permanent buildings.

Transport The Kitale- Lodwar A 1 road is the main access to Lokichar Town.

Existing Land Use

Issues Identified By Stakeholders • Inadequate access roads • Lack of a designated dumpsite • Inadequate watering points along livestock corridors • Lack of a drainage system • Lack of a cemetery • Lack of a bus stage • Unevenly distributed education facilities • Inadequate laboratories, libraries, water, desks and learning materials in schools • Inadequate health facilities • Lack of security lights in markets • Lack of a mortuary

Solutions to Issues Identified by Stakeholders • • Establish Intermodal Terminals facility (vehicles, bodas, animal carts) as proposed by the stakeholders. An area of 5 acres is proposed for this use Provide Parking spaces for Lorries and other vehicles in the town Improvement of NMT facilities such as provision of street shades, street seats, segregated walkways Construction of Bus-park Upgrade Link roads Provision of Road side drainage Delineate land for Cemetery

SECTOR PLAN PROPOSALS

PHYSICAL PLANNING

Spatial Planning Considerations • Major Structuring elements: The transport network- the A 1, Existing laggas, seasonal rivers, oil fields , air strip • Land availability for urban development in the town is vast • Land suitability: unsuitable areas for development are laggas, riparian areas and hills. • Existing land use • Environmental consideration: The areas for conservation include the laggas, the riverbeds and the hills. Prevalence of Prosopis Julifora “Etirae” is also a major concern.

Spatial Development Models Grid model illustration Linear model

Spatial Development Models Radial model illustration

Transport influenced development model – (LAPSSET corridor) Advantages of LAPSSET corridor passing through CBD Creates new opportunities for investment in the town and generation of employment. Revitalization of the economic growth of the town through enhanced access. Enhanced regional accessibility and connectivity within the region. The connection of flood areas will be covered within the LAPSSET project. Location of new facilities (oil and railway station). Disadvantages Maximum disruption of social and physical fabric. Relocation of buildings (public buildings, private buildings). High cost of relocation. Separation of the town into two. Difficulty of cross movements (traffic). High costs of creating interconnections. Disruption of the existing development pattern.

LAPSSET corridor passing outside the CBD Scenario ADVANTAGES Model focuses on regularization of land within the town. Leads to an easier way of transition from unplanned to planned development following the old built pattern. More economical and easier to implement. Minimum social economic disruption. Maintains the existing urban fabric, functionality, and image/character. Minimum disruption of existing facilities and properties. Creates new opportunities for investment and development. Alternative route to pass hence no congestion of the town centre. DISADVANTAGES Dispersed settlement is not easy to service. Development of transport expenditure outside and into the town will be expensive. Development of the town will be biased towards the LAPSSET corridor leading to a decline of the main CBD. This option requires very strong development control mechanisms to ensure its benefits are realized.

Illustration of the Two Scenarios

Spatial Development Models Preferred choice- hybrid model

Structure plan 7 Broad zones Conservation areas Public Purpose Commercial Residential Special zone Industrial Zone Land Bank

Detailed Land Use Plan

Social Sector Issues • Unevenly distributed education facilities • Inadequate laboratories, libraries, water, desks and learning materials in schools • Inadequate hospitals • Lack of security lights in markets • Lack of a mortuary

Social Sector Development Actions Issue Action/program Time Cost Actor Lack of recreational facilities within Construction of a sports Short term 60 million TCG the town complex/Stadium Construct a fire-station Construction of buildings and amenities Buy one fire engine Short term 50 million 35 million TCG medium term 35 million TCG 100 million TCG Frequent fire outbreaks Buy one fire engine Markets (Fresh Produce and Sale Selected Yard) within the town lack proper include: infrastructures and are subject to investment priorities Short term Permanent structure (for fresh flooding, critical sanitation problem, produce market) and drainage security issues and do not have (for both) stalls. Fencing The town lack slaughterhouse for Market street lighting livestock Provision of potable water Delineate and Construct up to standard slaughterhouse to serve the town

Social Sector Development Actions Issue Action/program Cemetery not serviced Time Cost Actor Delineate appropriate land for Cemetery Short term 25 million TCG Inadequate education Construct an Orphanage Home for homeless children within the sub county Unevenly distributed Construct 10 Nursery school to meet education facilities current demand Construct 2 more Primary schools Construct 1 more Primary schools by 2025 to meet future demand Construct 1 more Secondary school 15 million 30 million 40 million 20 million 40 million TCG facilities Short term Medium term Inadequate health Construct 2 more Health centre to serve Short - medium facilities the increasing population by 2035 term Short term 40 million 200 million TCG & GOK and clearly delineated Construct 1 sub county hospital

TRANSPORT & INFRASTRUCTURE

Proposed Road Network

Proposed Transport Network Improvement Activities Short Term (2021) Road Name Section Length (km) Way leave Current road Condition A 1 60 Good maintainable tarmac Evaluation of the road condition, road with camber. Drainage design and construction of trunk road and NMT facilities required. Primary 3. 7 Roads (C 46) 60 Gravel and earth roads Design and construction to tarmac standards Arterial 30. 1 Streets Sub Arterial 15. 2 Streets 60 Gravel and earth roads 45 Gravel and earth roads Design and construction to tarmac standards Design and construction to gravel standards Collector 28. 58 roads Livestock 10 Corridor Local Street 40 30 Gravel and earth roads 20 Gravel and earth roads 15 Gravel and earth roads 6. 67 Activities Required to achieve Opened to standards gravel and earth

Proposed Transport Network Improvement Activities Medium Term (2025) Road Name Section Length (km) Way leave Expected condition at the end Activities Required to achieve of short term A 1 6. 67 60 Good maintainable tarmac road Evaluation of the road condition, design and with camber. Drainage and NMT construction of trunk road and periodic facilities required. maintenance by KENHA Primary Roads 3. 7 (C 46) 60 Good maintainable tarmac road Evaluation of the road condition, design and with camber. Drainage and NMT construction of trunk road and periodic facilities required. maintenance by KENHA Arterial Streets 30. 1 60 Good maintainable tarmac road Evaluation of the road condition, design and with camber. Drainage and NMT routine and periodic maintenance facilities in place Sub Arterial 15. 2 Streets 45 Gravel and earth roads Design and construction to gravel standards Collector roads 28. 58 30 Gravel and earth roads Opened to gravel and earth standards Livestock Corridor Local Street 10 20 Gravel and earth roads Opened to gravel and earth standards 40 15 Gravel and earth roads Opened to gravel and earth standards

Proposed Transport Improvement Activities Road Name Section Length (km) Way leave Expected condition at the end of medium term Activities Required to achieve A 1 6. 67 60 Good maintainable tarmac road with camber. Drainage and NMT facilities required. Evaluation of the road condition, design and construction of trunk road and periodic maintenance by KENHA Primary Roads (C 46) 3. 7 60 Good maintainable tarmac road with camber. Drainage and NMT facilities required. Evaluation of the road condition, design and construction of trunk road and periodic maintenance by KENHA Arterial Streets 30. 1 60 Good maintainable tarmac road with camber. Drainage and NMT facilities in place Evaluation of the road condition, design and routine and periodic maintenance Sub Arterial Streets 15. 2 45 Gravel and earth roads Design and construction to gravel standards Collector roads Livestock Corridor 28. 58 30 Gravel and earth roads Opened to gravel and earth standards 10 20 Gravel and earth roads Opened to gravel and earth standards with adequately spaced watering points and cattle dips. Local Street 40 15 Gravel and earth roads Opened to gravel and earth standards

INFRASTRUCTURE Water & Sanitation Proposals • Exploit underground water sources • Constructing sand dams along laggas • Increase of water points especially in the Eastern Region of Lokichar Town. Solid Waste Proposals Designation of a proper garbage disposal site, for example at Lokabur area where the town’s garbage can be dumped. Community awareness and sensitization as well as community involvement in maintaining proper sanitation standards. Towards this end, incentives should be given to the community members involved. Regular and continuous maintenance of the implemented sanitation measures. Establish modern incinerator to dispose medical and other hazardous wastes. Privatization of waste management in the town. Install litter bins within the towns’ streets. Establish collection points in towns’ suburb. Implement garbage sorting and separation programme.

Energy Proposals • Investing in renewable energy such as solar energy to supply electricity to the town • Installation of solar powered street lights • Subsidizing power for public purpose facilities from oil explorer. • Increase Distribution of electricity to the area • Install power substation to adequately serve the town • Harnessing wind power in area. Telecommunications Proposal Existing mobile service providers should give incentives to new customers in order to expand customer reach

Proposed Infrastructure Plan

Sector Transportation & Infrastructure CIP Project TRANSPORTATION Roads Lokichar A 1 Road (6. 67 Km) Lokichar C 46 (3. 7 Km) Arterial Streets (30. 1 Km) Sub-Arterial Streets (15. 2 Km) Estimated Cost (Kshs) Time-Frame Implementers Remarks 667 million (100 million/Km) Short Term Ke. NHA The road requires reconstruction (80 million/Km) 1. 85 billion 760 million Medium Term TCG & KURA Long Term TCG & KURA The road requires construction (50 million/Km) 1. 3 billion Local Streets (50 Km) 2 billion Point 3 (200 m) Point 4 (200 m) TCG & KURA (60 million/Km) Collector Streets (28. 58 Km) Bridges/ Point 1 Underpasses (200 m) Point 2 (200 m) The road requires construction 296 million (45 million/Km) (40 million/Km) 100 million 500, 000/m TCG Short Term TCG & KURA Along the A 1 Medium Term Along Arterial Street 2 Long Term Along Arterial Street 6 Long Term Along Arterial Street 13

Transport & Infrastructure CIP Sector Project Terminals Bus-station (4000 sqm) Parking 2 -Truckparks Estimated Cost (Kshs) 60 million Time-Frame Implementers Remarks Short Term Requires terminal facilities & drainage. 100 million TCG & KURA 10 acres each Airport Lokichar Airport 5 billion Medium Term & Long Term TCG & KAA Phase I: Upgrade to functioning airstrip. Phase II: Upgrade to Airport. INFRASTRUCTURE Water Supply Additional boreholes (5 No. ) & water reticulation Water Tanks 50 million Short Term TCG & WARMA Medium Term TCG & Relevant Sewerage & Water Co. (@Ksh. 10 m) New sand dams 100 million (10 No. ) & (@Ksh. 10 m) pumping/equip ment &reticulation Provision of 200 million storage water 20 No. ( 50 m 3 each) Short Term Includes drilling, equipping (pumps), power supply and piping

Transport & Infrastructure CIP Sector Project Water Provision Treatmen of safe t Plants potable water Estimated Time. Cost Frame (Kshs) 500 million Sanitation Sewerage 500 Treatment million System 32, 000 m 3/ day Energy Implementers Remarks Medium Term Centralized Medium Term Low-rate, anaerobic treatment. Dumpsite 25 million Short Term TCG Solar Farms 80 MW 24 billion Ksh. 1. 2 billion/4 MW Long Term TCG & REA & KENGEN (4 MW/ 15 acres)

Environmental Sector

Environmental Problem Map

Proposed Environmental Strategies

ISSUE CHALLENGE AREA STRATEGY Inadequate environmenta resources l management institution Town wide. PROGRAM/ACTI ON COST ACTORS COMPLIANCE INDICATORS Environmental and natural resource management, personnel, legal framework, infrastructure and empowerment of stakeholder Gazette dumpsite Mobilize resources for environmental and natural resource management programmes Development and Short establishment of term. environmental and natural resources department. Ksh 30 m PFY Provide waste storage facilities Conduct environmental management tools Community sensitization after formation, training and registration of registered group Short term. Long term Ksh. TCG, 100 m Residents, PFY NEMA, NGOs, CBOs Long term Ksh TCG, KFS, Landscaping, road side 100 m Residents planting, botanical PFY NEMA. gardens, recreational gardens, riparian protection and tree planting Poor management of Solid waste Lack of Built gazetted and up designated areas. dumpsites and inadequate environmental awareness among the community members. Identify, designate survey and gazette dumpsites Loss of vegetation cover Informal urbanization Formulation of Development of policies and urban forestry bills that govern programmes natural resources management e. g. urban forestry Town wide TIME TCG, Govt. (NEMA, KFS, KEFRI, CBOs, NGOs).

ISSUE CHALLENG ARE E A STRATEGY Prosopis Juliflora (Etirae) Very fast growth/ colonization & thorns Town Prosopis Management of Long Ksh KFS, wide management invasive species. term 100 m KEFRI, policy and bill. PFY NEMA, Value chain TCG, analysis for CBOs, prosopis NGOs, product. Residents Exploitation and utilization Policy and bill One analysis report Quantities of prosopis product produced Acreage cleared reclaimed, and restored. Flooding Degraded catchment areas Catch Mapping of ment degraded areas. in town Allocate resources and rehabilitate degraded areas Constructed of water harvesting structures, proper water runways drainage system and catchment areas protection. Poverty induced environment al degradation. Low incom e areas in the town Research on Long Ksh. utilization of non- term 50 m wood products PFY Alternative livelihoods and promote nature based enterprises PROGRAM/ACTI TIME COS ON T ACTORS Long Ksh TCG, term 300 m Central PFY Govt. , TCG, CDF youth & womenfun d. SMEs, C BOs, NGOs, Govt arms COMPLIANCE INDICATORS One research report Enhance income generation and revenue

ISSUE CHALLENG E AREA STRATEGY PROGRAM/ACTI TIME COST ACTORS ON COMPLIANCE INDICATORS Environment Low Town Enhance al awareness. residents’ wide. environmental environmenta consciousness l awareness. among town resident. Use electronic and print media, posters, public meetings, organized sector forums and groups. More environmental consciousness & ethics among town residents. Environment al Management tools. Low Town Ensure/promot application of wide e application of EIAs, EAs, environmental SEAs& other management environmenta tools l management tools. Create more Short Ksh. awareness on the term. 2 m tools. Monitors & PFY enforce their application where necessary. Drought toll on Human & livestock Enhance capacity Long in drought term forecasting, early warning systems, mitigation & adaptations. Town Establish wide weather stations Long term. Ksh. 12 m PFY TCG, NEMA, Environme ntal Sectoral actors. NEMA, Number of EIAs, TCG, SEAs, EA reports. Environme ntal sectoral players Ksh. DMA, Established weather 100 m TCG, Dpt. stations PFY of Met. , Technical reports. Min. of specialpro grams, MENR, Min. of agric& Livestock

Economic Sector

Economic Development Strategies Pastoralism Provision of veterinary services Livestock holding ground Access to credit facilities by the pastoral communities to be established and existing ones improved Opportunities for value addition such as meat processing, hides and skins processing, handcrafts be established. Finding markets for animal products outside the town. Tourism Development Building facilities such as roads leading to the tourist attraction sites Developing tourist lodges and leisure facilities to support tourism development. Developing cultural based artifacts to enhance cultural tourism to generate revenue to locals. Encourage locals to engage in making artifacts and cultural objects

Industrialization Transport Sector Ensuring there is enough serviced land Maintenance of the roads on an for business needs by clearing needs and annual basis. availing land for the establishment of industries. Improvement of the drainage facilities Making it easy to establish businesses in the county by eliminating trade barriers Link roads require to be tarmacked. such as corruption The expansion of the A 1 road in Issuance of single business permits. collaboration with KENHA Beefing up security in the town to Upgrading the link roads between enhance investor confidence. rural areas and the town to increase accessibility, thus promoting growth. Infrastructural development to support industrial development. Build bridges across laggas to Building social amenities such as schools enhance the connectivity between and hospitals to support human the town and rural areas. settlement in the town. Partnering with the national government to woo international investors to invest in the town.

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Development Decentralization of the issuance of business permits/licences from Lodwar to Lokichar to lower the cost of establishing businesses. Issuance of single business permits. Increasing access to finance by providing credit facilities to SMEs with inadequate or no collateral. Beefing up security in the town to enhance investor confidence. Construction of access roads from the main roads to enhance accessibility to business enterprises. Ensuring there is enough serviced land for business needs by clearing needs and availing land for business establishments. Earmarking suitable sites that can be disposed to investors for development of recreation facilities foreign tourists and local residents. Proposals for Income Generation for TCG Levies and Taxes Licenses and Business Permits User Fees Revenues from doing business Fines and penalties Land rates

SUMMARY OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT PLAN

Summary of Estimated Total Costs per Sector i. Transport & infrastructure sector Short term: KES 3. 1 billion Medium term: KES 6. 8 billion Long term: KES 27. 3 billion Overall total 37. 2 billion ii. Social sector Short term: KES 4 million Medium term: KES 75 million Overall total 795 million iii. Environmental sector The investment for environmental infrastructure which is 794 million will be able to cover the town for the whole planning period Grand Total (i, ii and iii) 38. 789 Billion

Conclusion The above proposals are transformative and innovative for the development of Lokichar Town in the plan period and can be actualized through: • Political good will • Rational allocation of resources • Stakeholder involvement • Capacity building on county personnel & institutions

EJOK NOI ASANTE THANK YOU