Logical Fallacies Sentimental Appeal Using emotion to distract

Sentimental Appeal • Using emotion to distract the audience from the facts • To

Ad Hominem • Arguments that attack a person’s character instead of their reasoning •

False Authority • Wants the audience to agree with the argument based simply on

Red Herring • Using misleading or unrelated evidence to distract from the actual argument

Scare Tactic • Trying to frighten people to agree with the argument or face

Bandwagon • Encourages the audience to agree with the argument because everyone else is

Slippery Slope • Suggests that one thing will lead to another and another usually

Moral Equivalence • Compares minor problems with much more serious crimes (or vice versa)

Strawman (Person) • An argument is set up and dismantled easily in order to

Hasty Generalization • Draws conclusions from little or no evidence; extrapolates minute evidence into

Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc (Faulty Causality) • Mob after a woman accused of

Non Sequitur • Latin for “does not follow” • A statement does not logically

Begging the Question • Restating the same claim in a different way; circular logic

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Logical Fallacies

Sentimental Appeal • Using emotion to distract the audience from the facts • To which emotions is this appealing?

Ad Hominem • Arguments that attack a person’s character instead of their reasoning • What two ways are these men’s character being attacked?

False Authority • Wants the audience to agree with the argument based simply on the person, who is not an expert in the field • Freedom of speech=yes, credible authority=no. • “When you talk about postpartum (depression) women today can use vitamins to help”.

Red Herring • Using misleading or unrelated evidence to distract from the actual argument

Scare Tactic • Trying to frighten people to agree with the argument or face unrealistically dire consequences

Bandwagon • Encourages the audience to agree with the argument because everyone else is doing it

Slippery Slope • Suggests that one thing will lead to another and another usually ending with disastrous results

Moral Equivalence • Compares minor problems with much more serious crimes (or vice versa) • Obamacare is just like what Hitler did to the youth of Germany prior to World War II.

Strawman (Person) • An argument is set up and dismantled easily in order to misrepresent its strength

Hasty Generalization • Draws conclusions from little or no evidence; extrapolates minute evidence into a larger claim

Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc (Faulty Causality) • Mob after a woman accused of witchcraft in Nepal • In Latin it means: “After this, therefore because of this” • One event is said to be the cause of a later event, simply because it occurred earlier.

Non Sequitur • Latin for “does not follow” • A statement does not logically follow that which comes before

Begging the Question • Restating the same claim in a different way; circular logic – A: Stem cell research is acceptable – B: How do you know – A: Because stem cell research science says so – B: Why should I believe the stem cell research science – A: Because stem cell research is acceptable