Logical Academic Writing Damian Heywood A 1017 Email

Logical Academic Writing Damian Heywood A 1017 Email: damian_donga@hotmail. com Ph. 010 4871 1066

Where are we going? Sentences Paragraphs Essays Group of words. Subject and verb Group of sentences. 3 Parts: Topic sentence, body, concluding sentence. Group of paragraphs. 3 Parts: Thesis Paragraph, Body Paragraphs, Concluding Paragraph.

Types of sentences

Sentencing problems. • There are four main problems that prevent people from writing complete, grammatically correct sentences. These problems include: • (a) the sentence fragment; – Is there a Subject & a Verb? • (b) the run-on sentence; - comma’s and semi-colons and periods(full stops). “John is a musician, he plays the guitar for a living. ” “There is a problem with the television however no one is available to fix it. ” • (c) lack of subject-verb and pronoun-reference agreement; and "A recipe with more than six ingredients are too complicated. " "Organizations must be careful about discriminating against its employees. " • (d) lack of parallel structure. (Different parts of the sentence match each other in form) "He is strong and a tough competitor. “ "The new coach is a smart strategist, an effective manager, and works hard. "

Your Errors

Example (Simple) Paragraph Busan is a great place to live. The local cuisine is incredible. It includes spicy street food, raw seafood, and smoky pigs feet. It is also a beautiful place, with majestic mountains and warm, sunny beaches. And the people are so friendly. Complete strangers often stop to chat with foreigners or ask them if they need help. This happened to me. These are just some of the reasons I think Busan is a fantastic place to live.

Break it down. . . • Write the Topic sentence. (main idea) ____________________ 3 main supporting ideas: (link to topic) 1. 2. 3. Conclusion (summary, argument(opinion) or connector to next paragraph) – What type was this?

The Writing Process. . . Brainstorming and narrowing the topic. (write topic sentence) Develop an outline. Rough draft. Editing (Peer review) Second draft. Final Copy.

Easy to peel Process (B’storm)– someone or something you love. . . Feel good V other convenient Oranges Delicious Sweet snack No mess Vit C nutritious nutrient

Oranges • I love oranges (as they are convenient, nutritious & delicious). One reason I love oranges is because they are so convenient. They are quick to peel and you don’t need a bowl or a spoon so there is no mess to clean up. I also like oranges because they are nutritious. Oranges are high in vitamin C, which can keep you from being sick. They are also a good source of nutrients shown to prevent skin cancer and even wrinkles. But the best reason for eating oranges is because they are so delicious. The sweet, fresh taste of ripe orange makes it a perfect snack. And unlike a candy bar or potato chips, an orange makes you feel goo when you eat it. I think that oranges are quite possibly the perfect food.

Topic Sentences • Is the most general sentence about the P. • Contains a topic and a controlling idea. Driving on freeways requires skill and alertness. Gold, a precious metal, is prized for two important characteristics. • Subject, verb and usually a complement. • Usually the first sentence of a paragraph. • Does not give specific details. But is not too general either.

Topic Sentences – Topic and Controlling Idea • Convenience foods are easy to prepare. • The native foods of America’s immigrant population are reflected in American Cooking. • The average American teenager consumes enormous quantities of junk food.

Exercise. Circle and Underline. • Driving on freeways requires nerves of steel. • The spread of AIDS can be slowed by educating the public. • Many religious rules developed from the health needs of ancient times. • A major problem for international students is taking essay examinations. • Spectacular beaches make Puerto Rico a tourist paradise.

Topic Sentence – Goldilocks Effect • Too general: American food is terrible. • Too specific: American food is tasteless and greasy because Americans use too many canned, frozen, and pre-packaged foods and because everything is fried in oil or butter. • Just Right: American food is tasteless and greasy. • Too many ideas: San Francisco is famous for its temperate climate, its many tourist attractions, and its cosmopolitan atmosphere. • Just Right: San Francisco is famous for its cosmopolitan atmosphere.

Your assignment – Due next week! • Write one paragraph using brainstorming, planning, drafting. . . • Topic examples: - Something or someone you love (favourite) - Your ideal … - The characteristics of a … - Your favourite - etc - You are allowed to use “I” in this paragraph. - Add a photo and use only Doc format.

Ref. • Sentence Construction • http: //www. towson. edu/ows/sentelmt. htm • http: //faculty. washington. edu/ezent/imsc. ht m • http: //mahara. ln. edu. hk/artefact/file/downlo ad. php? file=2793&view=1035 • http: //www. writingcentre. uottawa. ca/hyperg rammar/sntstrct. html • http: //www 2. le. ac. uk/offices/careers/ld/reso urces/writing/grammarguides/sentence