Living Things Vocabulary p p Autotroph Producer Organism

Living Things

Vocabulary p p Autotroph (Producer) – Organism that makes its own food by using the Sun’s energy through photosynthesis Cells – basic building blocks of living things Competition – when organisms fight over limited (not enough) resources (food, water and oxygen) Heterotroph (Consumer) – can not make their own food, they must eat for energy

Vocabulary p p p Homeostasis (Regulation) – maintaining a stable internal environment and temperature Metabolism – all the chemical reactions (building and breaking down) that occur in an organism Locomotion- the movement of an organism

Vocabulary p p p Reproduction – producing offspring (new individuals) Response – a reaction to a stimulus Stimulus – a change in the environment that causes a response

Characteristics of Living Things 1. Made of Cells n ________ Unicellular - organisms that are made up of only one cell n n ex. Bacteria and Protists Multicellular - organisms that are made up of _________ more than one cell n n Usually can be seen with the naked eye. ex. Plants and Animals

Check what you know Multicellular Unicellular Multicellular

Characteristics of Living Things 2. Locomotion n Can ____ move

Characteristics of Living Things 3. Metabolism n All chemical reactions that occur in an organism n n Ingestion – taking ____ in food (eating) Digestion - ________ breakdown food into useable nutrients

Characteristics of Living Things n Respiration – nutrients (food) combine with oxygen to produce energy and carbon dioxide ______ n wastes (solid, liquid, Excretion – getting rid of ______ or gas CO 2)

Characteristics of Living Things 4. Growth & Development n n cell gets ____ Growth: when a _____ larger and/or ______ number increases in _____ Development: is the process in which an simple organism transforms itself from a _____ to a ______ complex organism (tadpole frog)

Characteristics of Living Things q Multicellular organisms _____ for growth and repair

Characteristics of Living Things 5. Respond to the Environment n change in the environment that Stimulus – a ______ causes a response n n Ex. Cold reaction to a stimulus Response – a ______ n Ex. shiver

Check what you know: p p Cold temperature Stimulus Shivering Response Heat from stove Moving hand away from stove

Characteristics of Living Things 6. Reproduce n n individuals (offspring) To produce new ________________ species or it will Needed for survival of a _____, extinct become______. 1. Asexual Reproduction one parent • Requires ______ • Offspring are physically and genetically ______ identical to the parent

Characteristics of Living Things n Examples: n Unicellular organisms dividing (Mitosis) n Plant Clippings n Regeneration n Budding n Cloning

Characteristics of Living Things 2. Sexual Reproduction n Requires _______ two parents n not physically and genetically (DNA) Offspring are ______ identical to the parent n characteristics They have a _______ variety of traits (__________) n Examples: n male and an egg (_____) female cell Joining of a sperm (_____) fertilization n male and an egg cell Joining of pollen (_____)

Which of the 6 Characteristics Can an Organism Not Perform and Still be Considered Living? Reproduction

Needs of Living Things 1. Energy n FOOD All organisms obtain (get) energy from ____. n Depending on how you get food, you can be: Autotroph (Producer) 1. ________ n Photosynthesis Make energy through ____________. n Plants and some bacteria

Needs of Living Things Heterotroph (Consumer) 2. ________ meat Carnivores: eat ____ n Herbivores: eat ____ plants Omnivore eat plants and animals n ______: n

Check what you know Heterotroph Autotroph

Needs of Living Things 2. Water § It helps organisms to: n n Break down food Grow Transport substances within their bodies ________ Reproduce

Needs of Living Things 3. Living Space p It provides organisms with: n n n A _____ resources (food, place where they can get _______ water, oxygen). Organisms often ______ compete for space. _________: fight over Competition when organisms _______ limited (________) resources causing those with the best traits to ______

Needs of Living Things 4. Maintain Homeostasis (Regulation) • It allows organisms to: n stable conditions internally (inside maintain ____ the body) n n n Control temperature Control the amount of water maintain cell functions

6 th Grade Review Material: Energy Transformation p p Energy moving from one object to another Heat from the Sun is transferred/absorbed by a pool causing the water to evaporate After swimming your bathing suit absorbs heat from the Sun causing the water to evaporate and your suit to dry The Sun's heat is received by the Earth by radiation (heat transferred through empty space)