Living Things Cells Living things 1 Display organization

Living Things & Cells

Living things… 1. Display organization (cells, tissues, etc. ) 2. Develop and grow 3. Have the ability to respond to the environment 4. Can reproduce 5. Take in and use materials and energy

Quick Activity-2 minutes: Partner up with a neighbor and make a list of 5 living things and 5 nonliving things

Types of Organisms Unicellular - Have only one cell - Kingdoms: - Eubacteria - Archaebacteria - Protista - A few Fungi Multicellular - Have many cells - Kingdoms: - Plants - Animals - Most Fungi

The Cell Theory 1. Every living thing is made of one or more cells 2. Cells carry out life functions 3. All cells come from preexisting cells

Important Cell Discoveries - Robert Hooke discovered cells in 1665 looking at dead cork through a microscope - Anton von Leeuwenhoek observed living microscopic organisms in pond water in the 1670 s. - Louis Pasteur, 1800 s, disproved “spontaneous generation”, made the connection between bacteria and disease, and invented pasteurization

2 Types of Cells and the 6 Kingdoms - Prokaryotic: - Eubacteria: unicellular, live almost everywhere on Earth, can cause disease - Archaebacteria: unicellular, live in extreme conditions - Eukaryotic: - Protista: mostly aquatic, mostly single cellular (some algae are considered colonial), very diverse “catch-all” kingdom - Fungi: decomposers, almost exclusively multicellular, decomposers - Plants: exclusively multicellular, cells have chloroplasts for photosynthesis and have a cell wall - Animals: exclusively multicellular, do not have chloroplasts or cell walls

Levels of Organization 1. Cell: made up of molecules and organelles *Note: Unicellular organisms stop at this level 2. Tissue: groups of similar cells grouped together to preform a certain function 3. Organ: different tissues working together to preform a larger function 4. Organ System: Two or more organs working together. Ex: nervous system, circulatory system, root system 5. Organism: All of the previous levels combine to form complex, multicellular organisms. Ex: mouse, pine tree, portabella mushroom, human

Specialization • Cells can take on a multitude of shapes, sizes, and functions. • This cell specialization allows for a diversity of organisms, from the smallest bacteria to the biggest redwood, to live here on Earth