Living or Not Characteristics of living things Movement

Living or Not? ? ?

Characteristics of living things • • • Movement Response (to a stimulus) Growth Reproduction Adaptation Metabolism (all changes where energy is released)

A good acronym!! M R G R A M

Do you need to have all 6 characteristics? ? • Yes!!

Movement • Plants move toward the light • Some flowers close their petals at night • The Venus Flytrap plant snaps shut when two of its sensitive hairs are touched at the same time.

Response/Stimulus All living organisms can respond to a stimulus: Response = what was done in response to the stimulus Ivan Pavlov found that you could train dogs to salivate when they heard a bell! Stimulus = the thing that was done to initiate the response Example: Plant responds to the stimulus of touch: Mimosa pudica responds to touch

Metabolism is a set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life

Adaptation Any characteristic that makes an organism better able to survive in its surroundings. EX: a dog’s coat keeps him warm in the winter

Growth • Most living things increase in size

reproduction • Organisms produce new individuals that are usually like the parent organisms.

Cells • All living things are made up of cells • Robert Hooke (1665) first discovered cells by looking at cork cells through a microscope.

The Cell Theory 1853 • All organisms are made up of one or more cells • Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all organisms • All cells come from cells that already exist

How are living things organized? ? • Living things are organized into one of 6 kingdoms • A kingdom is a large group that shares some BASIC characteristics

Cells Prokaryotic pro=before karyote=nucleus • No membrane around nucleus • Ex: bacteria Eukaryotic • Have a membrane around the nucleus Ex: almost everything except bacteria