Living By Chemistry SECOND EDITION Unit 4 TOXINS

Living By Chemistry SECOND EDITION Unit 4: TOXINS Stoichiometry, Solution Chemistry, and Acids and Bases

In this unit you will learn: • how toxins are defined • how chemists determine toxicity • the mechanisms by which toxic substances act in our bodies and what this has to do with chemical reactions

Lesson 68: Toxic Reactions Chemical Equations

Chem. Catalyst 1. What toxins have you encountered in your life? 2. How can toxins enter the body? 3. How can toxins harm you?

Key Question How do chemists keep track of changes in matter?

You will be able to: • complete basic translations of chemical equations • give a basic definition of a toxin

Prepare for the Demonstration Work in pairs after the demo. HCl(aq) + Na. HCO 3(aq) Na. Cl(aq) + H 2 O(l) + CO 2(g)

Discussion Notes HCl(aq) + Na. HCO 3(aq) Na. Cl(aq) + H 2 O(l) + CO 2(g) The chemical equation represents a change in matter using symbols and formulas.

Discussion Notes (cont. ) Toxins can enter the body in a limited number of ways. Toxins often react with water in the human body. Toxins may be molecular, ionic, or metallic substances.

Wrap Up How do chemists keep track of changes in matter? • Chemical equations help chemists keep track of the substances involved in chemical changes. • Chemical equations use chemical formulas to indicate the reactants and products of chemical changes. They also show what phase a compound is in. • Toxins are substances that interact with living organisms and cause harm.

Check-In Consider this reaction between sodium cyanide and a solution of hydrochloric acid: Na. CN(s) HCl(aq) Na. Cl(aq) HCN(g) a. Write an interpretation of the chemical equation. b. Sodium cyanide is highly toxic. What is the most likely way it will enter the body?