Livestock Nutrition Digestive System Created by Arlene Barrett

Livestock Nutrition: Digestive System Created by: Arlene Barrett, Dennis Bratton, Mariah Gumphery , Haley Vrazel

Objectives Summarize terms related to digestive system. Review the digestive system.

Terms Nutrient Nutrition Gastrointestinal Tract Digestive Stystems

Nutrient A substance or group of substance of similar chemical structures that aid in the support if life.

Nutrition A science that deals with the way an animal brings in a feed stuff and utilizes it through various processes and metabolic activities.

Gastrointestinal Tract A tube that allows feed stuff to be stored (middle) digested (middle), absorbed (middle) and excreted (exit). A tube with a hollow cavity with a portion in the middle with cavities that are followed with an outlet.

Digestive Systems Man and pig have a simple stomachs (nonruminants) with an extensive intestinal system Ruminants have a complex stomach with a simpler intestinal system

Digestive System Mouth: “Prehension” tool (grasps food) ◦ Salivary glands secrete juices containing enzymes (digest food) ◦ Chewing food breaks down Esophagus: muscular tube that connects mouth to stomach ◦ Peristaltic Movement: sequential contraction of ringlike muscles ◦ Reverse Peristalsis = vomiting

2 Major Digestive Systems Both systems will be addressed in detail in the lesson to follow: Ruminants (Polygastrics)—have four stomach compartments Non-Ruminats (Monogastrics)—have one stomach compartment

Digestive System Small Intestine: long coiled tube connecting stomach to large intestine ◦ rest of the digestion and absorption takes place here ◦ surface covered with villi (increase surface area and absorption) Large Intestine: Cecum, colon, rectum ◦ absorbs water (makes feces more solid) ◦ some vitamins and minerals absorbed here

Digestive System Accessory organs: Pancreas secretes enzymes to break down fat Liver (largest internal organ) secretes bile, which digests fats ◦ also stores iron

Review Summarize terms related to digestive system. Review the digestive system.

Lab Activity Students will illustrate the swine and cattle digestive system.