LITTELFUSE STARTCO Littelfuse Startco Arc Flash Relay PGR8800

LITTELFUSE STARTCO Littelfuse Startco Arc Flash Relay PGR-8800 1

Arc Faults: Costly and Dangerous LITTELFUSE STARTCO Dangers § Fires § Burns § Injury § Death Costs § Collateral damage § Equipment replacement § Downtime § Labour 2

Arc Flash / Blast Statistics LITTELFUSE STARTCO § Over 1000 people die each year from electrical accidents* § Up to 10 Arc-Flash incidents occur each day in the US § Over 2000 workers are sent to burn centers each year with severe Arc-Flash burns. § OSHA states that 80% of electrically related accidents and fatalities among Qualified Workers are caused by Arc-Flash/Arc -Blast Incidents. * Source: National Safety Council 3

Case Study – Nov 12, 2009 LITTELFUSE STARTCO § Chiller Easton Ice Rink, Columbus, Ohio § An electrician was working on a 480 V power panel when the panel sparked and caught fire – The electrician was thrown to the floor and eventually transported to the OSU Burn Center with severe burns on face and hands. – Witnesses reported the panel was still sparking when the fire crews arrived. * Source: Dayton Daily News 4

Types of Electrical Hazards § Electric Shock - trauma caused by the passage of electric current through the body. § Arc-Flash – an unexpected sudden release of intense heat and light energy produced by electricity traveling through air, usually caused by accidental contact between live conductors. § Arc-Blast - a pressure wave created by heating, melting, vaporization, and expansion of conducting material and surrounding air during an Arc-Flash. 5 LITTELFUSE STARTCO

LITTELFUSE STARTCO Types of Electrical Hazards Shock Fire Arc-Flash Light Sound Arc-Blast Gases Pressure Wave 6

LITTELFUSE STARTCO Effects of Electrical Hazards on Workers § Severe burns § Vision damage or blindness § Hearing loss § Broken bones or internal organ damage § Whiplash § Brain injuries § Lacerations § Fatality Photos courtesy of OSHA 7

Effects of Electrical Hazards on Business LITTELFUSE STARTCO Costly Damage… § Equipment replacement and need for capital § Equipment repair costs § Downtime § Production Loss (scrap) Image from IEEE Electrical Safety Workshop, Floyd, Doan, Barrios, Wellman …and business interruption. Image from IEEE Electrical Safety Workshop, H. Landis Floyd, II 8

What Determines Arc-Flash Severity? LITTELFUSE STARTCO § System Voltage § Arc Characteristics – Arc gap / Distance from arc § Fault Current – Available fault current – Arc current typically 38% of available fault current Image from OSHA Office of Training & Education § Time – Clearing time 9

LITTELFUSE STARTCO Initiators of these faults § IEEE Std 493 -1997 (Gold Book) Recommended Practice for the Design of Reliable Industrial and Commercial Power Systems 10

Development of an Arc Fault LITTELFUSE STARTCO § Voltage difference between two conductors (250 V) separated by air gap, high resistance § Voltage reaches breakdown point, rapid release of energy across gap § Shortest distance from bus bar corner to bolt corner • Usually phase-to-phase or phase-to-ground • Energy limited only by system resistance, air gap impedance 11

Lifespan of an Arc Fault 1. 4. 2. 5. 3. 6. 12 LITTELFUSE STARTCO

Lifespan of an Arc Fault LITTELFUSE STARTCO 50 k. A bolted fault between 480 Vac and ground 13

Effects of an Arc Fault Plenty of Hazards to Choose From 14 LITTELFUSE STARTCO

Examples of Arc Faults 15 LITTELFUSE STARTCO

LITTELFUSE STARTCO Arc Flash Relay § PGR-8800 Series – 1 ms reaction time § Detects light – Point sensors (A) – Fiber optic sensor (B) § Detect over-currents – Phase CTs (3) – Any CT with 5 A sec. § Link upto (4) AF Relays – Larger systems 16

PGR-8800 Functions & Features LITTELFUSE STARTCO § § § Six light sensors Built-in front sensor Adjustable light sensitivity 1000 event logging Dual inputs for switches or PLC § Fail-safe operation § Local USB interface – No drivers or s/w req’d 17

PGR-8800 Wiring Diagram 18 LITTELFUSE STARTCO

LITTELFUSE STARTCO PGA-LS 10 - Point Sensors iel d Sh Ø 3. 5 mm 8 mm Sensor Lens 52 mm Red LED for Circuit-check & Visual Diagnostics 32 mm Coverage Half-Circle 120% Range is 2 to 2. 5 meters ly Signa l ck it Che Circu pp Su The sensor can be also be mounted to ”see through” the back of the cabinet. 10 m 100% 360° Mounting Holes (front / back) 100%80% 19 Point Sensor 80%100%

PGA-LS 20 - Fiber-Optic Sensors § § § LITTELFUSE STARTCO 26 ft flexible fiber 360° detection angle LED for visual feedback Built-in circuit check Electrically extendable Plug-in connector One fiber-optic sensor can replace several point sensors 20

Multi-Unit Installation Example LITTELFUSE STARTCO LINK Switchboard Supply 2 L 1 L 2 L 3 Trip Electrical cables Sensors Detecting Arc Fiber-Optic Sensor Point Sensors System can be expanded with up to four PGR-8800 Modules 21

LITTELFUSE STARTCO PGR-8800 Applications Transformer secondary 3 x 22 k. V Transformer primary 3 x 690 V Air-cooled transformers are sensitive to contaminants, affecting the resistance of the air gap between electrical connections (phases, bolted connections etc. ) 22

LITTELFUSE STARTCO PGR-8800 Applications 23

LITTELFUSE STARTCO Additional Information § § www. startco. ca/arcflash Datasheet Product Manual Brochure Littelfuse Startco: 306 -373 -5505 Arc Flash Relay Brochure PF 136 Datasheet 24