LITERATURE REVIEW Which FYP title is easier Left

LITERATURE REVIEW

Which FYP title is easier ? Left of right ? Which project to choose? You 2

WHY DOING A FINAL YEAR PROJECT? Apply your knowledge Solve the problem Life-long Learning FYP Requirement of graduation Approach to research 3

FINAL YEAR PROJECT REPORT/THESIS/DISSERTATION (3) Literature Review (4) Methodology (2) Introduction (6) Conclusion Report (1) Abstract (5) Results and Discussion Thesis Dissertation (7) References 4

LITERATURE REVIEW 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What is a literature review ? How does a literature review differ from other assignments? What counts as ‘literature’ ? Why do a literature review ? How many references to look for ? How to write a literature review ? 5

WHAT IS A LITERATURE REVIEW? A description of the literature relevant to a particular field or topic. Often written as part of a thesis proposal, or at the commencement of a thesis. 6

HOW DOES A LITERATURE REVIEW DIFFER FROM OTHER ASSIGNMENTS? The review, has an introduction, body and conclusion, well-formed paragraphs, and a logical structure. In a literature review, the literature itself is the subject of discussion. 7

WHAT COUNTS AS ‘LITERATURE’ ? ‘Literature’ covers everything relevant that is written on a topic. The important word is 'relevant'. 8

WHY DO A LITERATURE REVIEW ? A literature review gives an overview of the field : (i) what has already been said on the topic, (ii) who the key writers are, (iii) what the prevailing theories and hypotheses are, (iv) what questions are being asked, and (v) what methodologies and methods are appropriate and useful. 9

HOW MANY REFERENCES TO LOOK FOR ? Depends on what the literature review is for, and what stage you are at in your studies. Your supervisor should specify a minimum number of references (peer reviewed). Generally a reasonable number of references in a literature review would be: i. Degree dissertation: >20 ii. Masters thesis: >40 iii. Doctoral thesis: >80 10

HOW TO WRITE A LITERATURE REVIEW ? (i) The literature search (ii) Noting the bibliographical details (iii) Finding the literature (iv) Reading the literature (v) Writing the review 11

(I) THE LITERATURE SEARCH Find out what has been written on your subject. Use as many bibliographical sources as you can to find relevant titles. Internet sources: i. Scopus: http: //www. scopus. com/ ii. Science. Direct: http: //www. sciencedirect. com/ iii. Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ): https: //doaj. org/ iv. Open Access Journals Search Engine (OAJSE): http: //www. oajse. com/ v. Google Scholar: https: //scholar. google. com/ 12

SCOPUS: HTTP: //WWW. SCOPUS. COM/ 13

SCIENCEDIRECT: HTTP: //WWW. SCIENCEDIRECT. COM / 14

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ): https: //doaj. org/ Open Access Journals Search Engine (OAJSE): http: //www. oajse. com/ Google Scholar: https: //scholar. google. com/ 15

(I) THE LITERATURE SEARCH Using the keywords to search for relevant journal E. g. , forming process 16

(I) THE LITERATURE SEARCH Search results List of journal Refine by year Author name Subject area 17

(I) THE LITERATURE SEARCH Specify the keywords E. g. , forming process + moldflow 18

(I) THE LITERATURE SEARCH Search results Click at the title 19

EXAMPLE: Title Authors Affiliation Abstract Keywords 20

(II) NOTING THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DETAILS • Write down or save the full details of each book or article. Click here E. g. , select “Text” 21

(II) NOTING THE BIBLIOGRAPHICAL DETAILS Authors Year of publication Journal Title Volume Issue Page number Other options: Using Mendeley (Reference Manager) https: //www. mendeley. com/ 22

(III) FINDING THE LITERATURE Download the softcopy of the journal Download 23

(III) FINDING THE LITERATURE 24

(IV) READING THE LITERATURE Components in a journal: Title: e. g. , Jig Prototype For Computer-assisted Total Knee Replacement And Its Flow Simulation Authors: e. g. , Abu Bakar Sulong 1, Amir Arifin 2*, Zambri Harun 1 Affiliation: e. g. , 1 Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sriwijaya University, 30662 Indralaya, South Sumatera, Indonesia. 25

(IV) READING THE LITERATURE Main components of the journal: Abstract Introduction Methodology Results And Discussion Conclusion References 26

(IV) READING THE LITERATURE Introduction / motivation Objective Method Summary of results and conclusion 27

(IV) READING THE LITERATURE Take notes as you read the literature. What is its theoretical basis? What definitions does it use? What is its general methodological approach? What methods are used? What kinds of data does it use to back up its argument? What conclusions does it come to? 28

(V) WRITING THE REVIEW Gather relevant details Based on relevant topics or sub-topics Start writing the literature review 29

(V) WRITING THE REVIEW The body paragraphs COULD include relevant paragraphs on: historical background, including classic texts; current mainstream versus alternative theoretical or ideological viewpoints, including differing theoretical assumptions, differing political outlooks, and other conflicts; possible approaches to the subject (empirical, philosophical, historical, postmodernist, etc); current research studies; current discoveries about the topic; principal questions that are being asked; general conclusions that are being drawn; methodologies and methods in use; and so on…. 30

EXAMPLE-IN RELEVANT SUB-TOPIC Sub-topic Brief Introduction References Main body about Power law model Ending of sub -topic 31

EXAMPLE-IN TABLE FORM Based on journal Desired criteria Focus and findings / Keywords 32

Start writing Read and note Search the relevant journal article 33

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