Literary Elements setting the time and place of

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Literary Elements

Literary Elements

setting • the time and place of a story or play 11/27/2020 copyright www.

setting • the time and place of a story or play 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 2

mood • A story’s atmosphere or the feeling it creates. • Mood is often

mood • A story’s atmosphere or the feeling it creates. • Mood is often created by a story’s setting. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 3

suspense • Uncertainty or anxiety the reader feels about what is going to happen

suspense • Uncertainty or anxiety the reader feels about what is going to happen next in a story. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 4

protagonist • Main character in fiction or drama • The character we focus our

protagonist • Main character in fiction or drama • The character we focus our attention on. • Usually sets the action in motion 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 5

antagonist • Character or force that blocks the protagonist from achieving his/her goal 11/27/2020

antagonist • Character or force that blocks the protagonist from achieving his/her goal 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 6

conflict • A struggle between two opposing forces Internal *person vs. self External *person

conflict • A struggle between two opposing forces Internal *person vs. self External *person vs. person *person vs. nature *person vs. society *person vs. fate 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 7

plot • A series of related events that make up a story • The

plot • A series of related events that make up a story • The plot of a story is framed by time. • Most stories are told in CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER – the order in which events copyright unfold in real time. 11/27/2020 www. brainybetty. com 8 2006 All Rights Reserved

exposition • The background information needed to understand the story properly. • The characters,

exposition • The background information needed to understand the story properly. • The characters, setting, and basic conflict are introduced. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 9

rising action • The basic conflict is complicated by the introduction of related secondary

rising action • The basic conflict is complicated by the introduction of related secondary conflicts, including various obstacles that frustrate the protagonist’s attempt to reach his/her goal. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 10

climax (turning point) • The moment of great emotional intensity or suspense in a

climax (turning point) • The moment of great emotional intensity or suspense in a plot • the turning point, the moment that the outcome of the conflict is determined. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 11

falling action • Conflict between the protagonist and the antagonist unravels, with the protagonist

falling action • Conflict between the protagonist and the antagonist unravels, with the protagonist winning or losing against the antagonist. • Might contain a moment of final suspense, during which the final outcome of the conflict is in doubt. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 12

Resolution ( or denoument) • We learn the final outcome of the story (conclusion).

Resolution ( or denoument) • We learn the final outcome of the story (conclusion). • Resolutions can be either positive or negative for the protagonist. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 13

PLOTLINE CLIMAX RISING ACTION EXPOSITION 11/27/2020 FALLING ACTION RESOLUTION copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006

PLOTLINE CLIMAX RISING ACTION EXPOSITION 11/27/2020 FALLING ACTION RESOLUTION copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 14

flash-forward • A scene that jumps ahead of the story to narrate an event

flash-forward • A scene that jumps ahead of the story to narrate an event that happens in the future 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 15

foreshadowing • Hints in the story that certain events are going to happen later

foreshadowing • Hints in the story that certain events are going to happen later 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 16

flashback • A scene that interrupts the story to introduce an event that took

flashback • A scene that interrupts the story to introduce an event that took place in the past 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 17

irony Contrast: • between expectation and reality, • between what is said and what

irony Contrast: • between expectation and reality, • between what is said and what is really meant, • Between what is expected to happen and what really happens, OR • Between what appears to be true and what really is true copyright www. brainybetty. com 11/27/2020 18 2006 All Rights Reserved

Verbal irony • A writer or speaker says one thing but really means something

Verbal irony • A writer or speaker says one thing but really means something completely different. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 19

Situational irony • Occurs when there is a contrast between what would seem appropriate

Situational irony • Occurs when there is a contrast between what would seem appropriate and what really happens OR • Between what we expect to happen and what really takes place 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 20

Dramatic irony • Occurs when the audience knows something important that a character in

Dramatic irony • Occurs when the audience knows something important that a character in a play or story does not know. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 21

tone • Attitude a writer takes toward a subject, a character, or the audience

tone • Attitude a writer takes toward a subject, a character, or the audience 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 22

Point of view • Vantage point from which a writer tells a story •

Point of view • Vantage point from which a writer tells a story • In broad terms, there are 3 possible POV’s 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 23

First-person pov • One of the characters is telling the story, using the pronoun

First-person pov • One of the characters is telling the story, using the pronoun “I” 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 24

Omniscient pov • The person telling the story knows everything there is to know

Omniscient pov • The person telling the story knows everything there is to know about the characters and their problems. • Omniscient = “all knowing” 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 25

Third-person limited pov • The narrator, who plays no part in the story, zooms

Third-person limited pov • The narrator, who plays no part in the story, zooms in on the thoughts and feelings of ONE character. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 26

connotation • all the meanings, associations, or emotions that have come to be attached

connotation • all the meanings, associations, or emotions that have come to be attached to some words, in addition to their denotations. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 27

denotation • the literal definition of a word; the dictionary definition. 11/27/2020 copyright www.

denotation • the literal definition of a word; the dictionary definition. 11/27/2020 copyright www. brainybetty. com 2006 All Rights Reserved 28

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